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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is an eptiope? |
region on the antigen that binds to an immunoglobin B cell-receptor
or a peptide derived from a protein that is complexed with the MHC that binds to a TCR |
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What is the difference between and Antibody and an Ig |
Antibody implies specificity for and anitgen, whereas Ig refers to a type of protein |
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What is the difference between a monoclonal and polyclonal response? |
Single B cell line vs several B cell clones that are produced in response to an immunogen; due to multiple epitopes on a multivalent antigen
However there are several different B cell clones that respond to a single epitode |
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What are the general properties of immunoglobulins |
Heavy and Light chain, each with a variable and constant region
Five different monomer isotypes IgG,E,M,A,D
IgM and IgA can both form multimers
Discrete regions of hypervariability in the V domains, which are discrete loops of the folded strucutre |
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What is the B-cell clonal selection theory? |
Each lymphocyte bears a single type of receptor with unique specificity
interaction between a foreign molecule and lymphocyte receptor leads to activation
differentiated effector cells from an activated lymphocyte will produce cells with identical receptors
Those with ubiquitous self molecules are deleted at an early stage in lymphoid cell development and absent in mature lymphocytes |
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What is the interaction of plasma and B cells |
B cells give rise to antibody producing plasma cells witht he same specific receptor |
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What does murine, chaimaeric, humanized and human mean in terms of abs? |
murine is completely non human
chimaeric is human Fc with non human Fab
Humanized has murine regions in Fab but is majorly human |
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What is the structure of the T-cell receptor |
Has an alpha and beta chain of which each has a variable and constant region, has a transmembrane region which is joined by a disulfide bridge |
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What are the other components of the T-cell receptor complex |
CD3 and ITAMs are involved in the signaling portions of the antigen recognition process |
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What are the critical facts about Igs |
Must be a large repertoire of possible Ig molecules
Sequencing of Ig demonstrates the N-terminal portion of H and L chains varied but the C terminal was constant
Same V region is found in associationg with different H chain isotypes |
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How is diversity generated in Ig production? |
Random association of H and L chains
Cominatorial rearrangement of V(D)J regions of heavy and light chians
Insertion of P and N nucleotides at VDJ junction
somatic hypermutation |
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What is v(D)j rearrangement? |
results from somatic recombination of gene sequences
D region can be deleted to different degrees allowiing for a massive amount of different combos |
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What is the introduction of P and N nucleotides between gene segments during Ig gene rearrangement |
b |
