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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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carbamazepine
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inhibits voltage activated Na+ channels to prolong refractory period
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ethosuximide
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inhibits voltage activated T-type Ca2+ channels
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gabapentin
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enhances GABAergic transmission, but more complicated?
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lamotrigine
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inhibits glutamate and voltage activated Na+ channels
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phenobarbital
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enhances GABAergic transmission
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phenytoin
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inhibits voltage activated Na+ channels to prolong refractory period
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valproic acid
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inhibits voltage activated Na+ channels to prolong refractory period & T-type Ca2+ channels & enhances GABAergic transmission
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pregabalin
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blocks Ca2+ channels and release of glutamate
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topiramate
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blocks Na+ channels and inc. postsynaptic GABA-A
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zonisamide
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inhibits voltage activated Na+ channels to prolong refractory period & T-type Ca2+ channels & enhances GABAergic transmission
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clonazepam
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benzodiazepine
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diazepam
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benzodiazepine
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lorazepam
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benzodiazepine
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carbamazepine uses
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drug of choice for partial(complex and simple) and tonic-clonic; also trigeminal neuralgia and bipolar tx
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ethosuximide uses
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drug of choice for absence seizures;
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gabapentin uses
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partial (simple &complex), tonic-clonic
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lamotrigine uses
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partial (simple &complex), tonic-clonic
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phenobarbital uses
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simple partial; tonic-clonic; febrile
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phenytoin uses
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drug of choice for initial adult therapy. NOT for absence seizures; IV status epilepticus; also used for arrhythymia tx
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valproic acid uses
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drug of choice for myoclonic seizures; second line for tonic-clonic and absence due to hepatic toxicity
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pregabalin uses
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partial (simple &complex)
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topiramate uses
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partial (simple &complex); tonic-clonic
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clonazepam uses
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drugs of choice for staticus epilepticus; also myoclonic and absence seizures
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diazepam uses
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drugs of choice for staticus epilepticus
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lorazepam uses
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drugs of choice for staticus epilepticus
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phenytoin metabolism and interactions
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carbamazepine inc. mets by P450s; chloramphenicol, sulfonamide dec. mets by P450 to inactive metabolite
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carbamazepine metabolism and interactions
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binds plasma protein; enhances P450 inc. self metabolism and phenytoin met; several drugs: cimetidine, erythromycin are inhibitory towards
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ethosuximide metabolism and interactions
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not bound to plasma protein; liver P450 and kidney excretion
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lamotrigine pharmkinetics
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mets by liver, half-life dec. by P450 inducing drugs (carbamazepine, phenytoin); half-life inc. by valproic acid
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gabapentin pharmkinetics
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no mets by liver, not bound to plasma protein; negligible drug interactions
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phenytoin side effects
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gingival hyperplasia; megaloblastic anemia; teratogenic
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valproic acid side effects
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hepatotoxicity; thrombocytopenia; teratogenic effects
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