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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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polymyxins, nystatin, amphotericin B
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disrupt membrane integrity
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aminoglycosides, streptomycin
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inhibit protein synthesis by binding to a specific protein of 30S ribosomal subunit
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aminoglycosides, gentamicin
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bind to 30S ribosomal subunit at multiple sites. inhibit protein synthesis
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tetracyclines
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block protein synthesis by inhibiting binding of amino-acyl t-RNA to 30S subunit
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erythromycin, azithromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol
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bind to 50S ribosomal subunit. inhibit protein synthesis at chain elongation step
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oxazolidinones, linezolid
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bind rRNA on both ribosomal subunits
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streptogramins, dalfopristin, quinupristin
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binds to 50S ribosomal subunit
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mupirocin
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binds isoleucyl tRNA synthetase, preventing charging of Ile-tRNA and thus affecting protein synthesis
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fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin/moxifloxacin
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inhibit bacterial DNA gyrase
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nitroimidazoles, metronidazole
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fragment DNA
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rifampin
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binds to bacterial RNA polymerase and blocks transcription
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azoles, fluconazole
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inhibit ergosterol synthesis
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ethambutol, pyrazinamide
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unknown, anti-TB
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sulfonamides
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inhibit synthesis of dihydrofolate
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trimethoprim
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competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase. blocks synthesis of tetrahydrofolate
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isoniazid
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inhibits synthesis of mycolic acid (specific for Mycobacteria)
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B-lactams, penicillins, cephalosporins
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interfere with cell wall biosynthesis. inhibition of transpeptidation weakens cell wall. autolytic enzymes of bacteria then promote lysis
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cycloserine, bactitracin, glycopeptides, vancomycin
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interfere with cell wall biosynthesis
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