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42 Cards in this Set
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Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
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Aminoglycosides
Tetrcycline Chloarmphenicols, Clindamycin Erythromycin (macrolides) Lincomycin Lonezolid "Buy AT 30, CCELL at 50" only aminoglycosides are cidal |
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Cell Wall Synthesis Inhibitors
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B-lactams
Glycopeptides |
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Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors
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Rifampin
Quinilones "NA/RQ" |
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Folate Acid Metabolism Inhibitors
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TMP-SMZ
FA/TS |
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Misc
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metronidazole
lipopeptide polymixins |
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Tetracycline: ex, moa, use
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ex: doxycycline
binds 30s used for borrelia, chlamydia, erchiliosis, ricketsia, anaplasmosis |
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Aminoglycosides: moa, use, ae
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binds 30s, inhibiting the translocation of the peptidyl-tRNA from the A-site to the P-site and also causing misreading of mRNA (cidal)
used for aerobic, gram negatives and enterococci, will not work for anaerobes so work for bowel prep for surgery or subacute endocarditis nephrotoxic ototoxic teratogen |
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Chloramphenicols: moa, ae, use
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old broad spectrum abx,
inhibits 50s peptidyltransferase gray baby syndrome due to bone marrow anaplasia (infants lack liver udp-gluconronyl transferase) |
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Streptogramins: ex, moa, use
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1st gen = qunitapristin
2nd gen = dalfopristin binds 50s used for MRSA, VRSA last resort |
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Glycycline: ex
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tigecycline
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macrolides: ex, moa, use
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ezythromycin/azythromycin, azolides
bind 50s, blocking translocation. static opthamia neonatorum (both gono and chlamydial) Haemophilius Bordetella Legionella Salmonella Campylobacter Helicobacter Trephonemes Mycoplasma anything doxy can do also |
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Clindamycin moa, use
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clindamycin
binds 50s, stops translocation anaerobes |
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linezolide: moa, use, ae
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binds 50s of initial A-site to tRNA binding preventing protein synthesis
mrsa, vrsa leukopenia with prolonged use |
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B-lactams
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monobactams
pcn cephalosporins carbapenemes |
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Monobactams
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azetreonam
magic bullet for gram neg aerobics |
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uses of pcn
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strep, spirochetes, clostridium
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ampicillin
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pcn plus nh3 group to make it better at getting into gram negative portins
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amoxicillin
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amp plus oh group to make it acid stable so it can be given po
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pcn g vs v
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g=iv
v= oral |
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moa of pcn
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bind pcn-binding proteins which blocks transpeptidase cross linking of cell wall
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ae's of pcn
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hypersensitivity rxns
hemolytic anemia |
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methicillin/naficillin/dicloxacillin
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penicillinase resitant pcns
used for s. aureus |
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uses of amoxicilin/ampicillin
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HELPS with Enterococci
H=heamophilis E= e.coli L=l.mono P=P.mirabilis S=salonella Enterococci |
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treament of VRSA
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streptogramins and linezolid
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Vancomycin: moa, use
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binds d-ala-d-ala
only good for gram + b/c too big for pores of gram - |
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Rifamycin: moa, use, ae's
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inhibit dna-dept RNA polymerase (block mRNA synthesis)
prophylaxis for N. meningitides, H. influenzae TB minor hepatoxic increased p450 red organge body fluids Ramps up P450 Red/Orange Fluids Rapid resistance if used alone RNA polymerase inhibitor "4 R's" |
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Fluoroquinilones; moa, use, ae
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"floxacins"
inhibit dna gyrase/topo II (cidal) gram neg for UTI and GI infections and some gram positive quiniLONES attach to BONES. damage to cartilage (in utero), tendonitis/tendon rupture , leg cramps, myalgias |
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TMP-SMX moa, use
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tmp=block DHF->THF (blocks DHF reductase)
smx=block PABA->DHP (blocks DHP synthase) pathway goes: PABA->DHP->DHF->THF->cofactors needed for nucleic acid synthesis board spectrum (not enterococci) |
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metronidazole: moa, use, ae
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creates free radicals
GET GAP Giardia Entamoeba Trichomonas Gardneralla Anaerobes (bacteriodes, clostridium) Pylori disulfiram effect |
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Daptomycin: moa, uses
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creates pores
resistant gram+ (like staph or enterococci) NOT good for pneumonia cuz cant get into lungs |
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Polymixins: moa, uses, ae
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detergent like action
resistant gram negative neurotoxic, acute renal tubular necrosis |
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Uses of PCN
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gram + rods
gram + cocci gram - cocci spirochetes |
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AEs of PCN
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hypersensitivity rxn
hemolytic anemia |
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Uses of Ampicillin/Amoxicillin?
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H. influenza
E. coli L. mono P. mirabilis Salmonella Entercocci "HELPS with Enterococci" |
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Why is methicillin/naficillin/dicloxacillin better than PCN?
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penicillinase-resistant
bulkier R group |
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Uses of Cephalosporins?
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1st gen = gram + cocci, P. mirabilis, E. coli, Klebsiella
2nd gen=H. influenza, Enterobacter, Neisseria, Seratia 3rd gen= more stuff 4th gen=pseudomonanas and more stuff "HENS PEcK" |
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Aztreonam
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monobactam
resistant to B-lactamases only good for gram - rods |
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TB regimen
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isoniazid
streptomycin (aminoglycoside) pyrazinamide rifampin ethambutol "spire" |
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VRE treatment
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streptogramin
linezolid |
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abx to avoid during pregnancy
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sulfas-kerinecturs
aminoglycosides-nephrotoxic, ototoxic, teratogen fluorogunilones-cartilage damage erythromycin- acute cholestatic hepatitis in mom metronidazole-teratogen tetracycline-teeth/bone problems chloramphenicol-'gray baby' "SAFE Moms Take Good Care" |
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ethambutol: moa, use, ae
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anti TB
inhibits carb polymerization preventing cell wall synthesis causes visual problems, red-green color blindness |
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Isoniazid: moa, use, ae
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anti TB or prophylaxis for TB
decreases synthesis of mycolic acids hemolysis if g6pd def, hepatoxic, neurotoxic, ototoxic, sle pyridoxine can prevent neurotoxicity |