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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Penicillin
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G+, wimpy G-
Many anaerobes, NOT B. fragilis Lactamase susceptible, Bactericidal inhibitor cell wall synthesis |
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Ampicillin/Amoxicillin
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Not Ps. aeruginosa
Broad spectrum Lactamase susceptible Amoxi+clavulanic acid = Clavamox Clavamox lactamase resistant Bactericidal inhibitor cell wall synthesis |
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Cloxacillin
and Dicloxacillin, Methicillin |
G+
Lactamase resistant Used on Staph Cloxacillin - mastitis Bactericidal inhibitor cell wall synthesis |
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Ticarcillin, Pipericillin
and Carbenecillin |
G- esp Ps aeruginosa and resistant G-
Lactamase susceptible Ticarcillin+clavulanic acid= Timentin is lactamse resistant Pipericillin - last resort drug, $$ Bactericidal inhibitor cell wall synthesis |
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Cefadroxil, Cephalexin
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Weaker G- than 2nd/3rd gen.
Broad spectrum Oral Resistant to penicillinases, susceptible to cephalosporinases MRSA Bactericidal inhibitor cell wall synthesis |
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Cefazolin
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G- , 1st gen.
Broad spectrum Useful on anaerobes Bactericidal inhibitor cell wall synthesis |
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Ceftiofur
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3rd generation (but weaker than other 3rds)
Broad spectrum Doesn't work on Ps aeruginosa Used on Pasteurella multocida, P. haemolytica, Arcanobacterium pyogenes in food animals E.coli in dog UTIs Bactericidal inhibitor cell wall synthesis |
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Ceftazidime
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3rd gen - reserved for G- resistances
Broad spectrum Works on Ps aeruginosa Lactamase resistant Bactericidal inhibitor cell wall synthesis |
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Cefpodoxime
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3rd generation, for mild-mod skin inf in canines
$$$$ Bactericidal inhibitor of cell wall synthesis |
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Amikacin
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better for G- (reserve this)
Broad spectrum Streps often resistant Useful for Ps aeruginosa Has post antibiotic effect Bactericidal inhibitor protein synthesis |
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Gentamicin
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Better for G-
Broad spectrum Streps often resistant Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity a problem Post antibiotic effect Useful on Ps aeruginosa Bactericidal inhibitor protein synthesis |
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Neomycin
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Broad spectrum
Not as good for G- as amikacin/gentamycin Good on Staph intermedius Toxic - so used topically Post antibiotic effect 1 of 3 in triple antibiotic ointment Bactericidal inhibitor protein synthesis |
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Tobramycin
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Better for G-
Broad spectrum Streps are resistant Opthalmic use Useful for Ps aeruginosa Post antibiotic effect Bactericidal inhibitor protein synthesis |
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Natural tetracyclines:
Tetracycline Oxytetracycline Chlortetracycline |
Broad spectrum
Used on Brucella, Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, Rickettsia (intracellular pathogens b/c lipophilic) Multivalent ions (Ca) interfere with absorption, so bind there - good for joint infections Bacteriostatic inhibitor protein synthesis |
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Synthetic tetracycline:
Doxycycline |
Broad spectrum
All same as other tetras plus Ehrlichia, Haemobartonella and Leptospirosa More lipophilic & longer lasting than other tetras Excreted through liver into intestines Bacteriostatic inhibitor protein synthesis |
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Erythromycin
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G+
Lipophilic Useful for (susc.) Staph, Campy, Mycopl Bacteriostatic inhibitor of protein synthesis |
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Azithromycin
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G+, on Mycoplasma esp, works on some G-
Better spectrum than Erythromycin Better tissue penetration, longer half-life Bacteriostatic inhibitor protein synthesis (can have bactericidal effects) |
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Lincomycin
Clindamycin |
G+, esp Mycoplasma, anaerobes, clostridia (except C difficile)
Clindamycin absorbed better, fewer side effects Good on Staph when not resistant Bacteriostatic inhibitor protein synthesis |
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Pirlimycin
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G+
Good on mammary gland - IMM infusion Bacteriostatic inhibitor protein synthesis |
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Tilmicosin
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G+
Good on bovine resp dz Toxic to humans, monkeys, pigs Bacteriostatic inhibitor protein synthesis |
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Tylosin
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G+
Good on enteric dz in dogs (Campy, Clostridium) Bacteriostatic inhibitor protein synthesis |
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Polymyxin B
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G-, esp Ps aeruginosa, Staph intermedius
Proteus always resistant Toxic - used topically Injected for endotoxin neutralization No vet formulation Component of triple antibiotic ointment Bactericidal inhibitor cell membrane activity |
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Bacitracin
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G+
Inhibits cell wall synthesis Topical only Component of triple antibiotic ointment Bactericidal inhibitor cell membrane activity |
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Nitrofurans
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Broad spectrum
No Ps aeruginosa, Proteus Urinary antiseptic Topical Not used in food animals Bacteriostatic/cidal inhibitor intermediary metabolism |
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Sulfonamides
(see chart given in class for different kinds) |
Broad spectrum
Not good on anaerobes Prevents folic acid synthesis Bacteriostatic inhibitor intermediary metabolism (bactericidal if inhibit more than one step in folic acid synthesis "potentiated") |
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Fluoroquinolones:
Enrofloxacin, Norfloxacin Marbofloxacin, Difloxacin, Orbifloxacin |
Broad spectrum
Lower MIC's for G- Interferes with DNA gyrase Post antibiotic effect Lipophilic Bactericidal inhibitor n.a. synthesis |
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Rifampin
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G+
Inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase Lipophilic - gets in pus, intracell Resistant develops quickly Used almost solely for Rhodococcus equi with erythromycin |
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Vancomycin
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DO NOT USE - LAST RESORT DRUG
G+ Inhibits Cell wall synthesis |
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Ciprofloxacin (a fluoroquinolone)
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Broad spectrum, lower MIC w/ G-
Inhibits DNA gyrase 20% changed to enrofloxacin in dogs opthalmic ointment |
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Imipenem (penicillin like)
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G+ (mostly)
Inhibits cell wall synthesis Potentially for Rhodococcus equi and Nocardia |
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Metronidazole
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Useful on anaerobic bacteria/protozoa
Not to be used in food animals Damage bug's DNA |
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Chloramphenicol
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Broad spectrum
Lipophilic Bacteriostatic inhibitor protein synthesis Causes aplastic anemia in some people, so not used in food animals Use on resistant Salmonella |
