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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Fluoroquinolones....name three |
Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin |
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What is the fluoro mechanism of action? |
Inhibition of DNA gyrase |
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Name four side effects of fluoros? |
Rash Phototoxcicity Tendonitis and rupture C.diff |
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Two side effects of moxifloxacin in particular |
QTC prolongation
Hepatotoxicity |
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Ciprofloxacin is used when |
Aerobic gram negative bacteria Atypicals Staphylococci No activity against anaerobes |
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name an aminoglycoside |
Gentamicin |
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What is its action? |
To inhibit protein synthesis |
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Does resistance to aminoglycosides exist? |
Yes but its rare, aminoglycoside modifying enzyme |
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Two side effects of aminoglycosides? |
Nephrotoxicity Ototoxicity |
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Aminoglycosides are usually used in conjunction with other ABx, name six indications for their use? |
Abdominal infection Infective endocarditis Neutropaenic sepsis Neonatal sepsis Pseudomonas infection S.aureus |
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name the main glycopeptide? |
vancomycin |
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How do glycopeptides work? |
Inhibit cross linking of the cell wall
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How must they be administered? |
IV only as no oral absorption |
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Alongside the side effects of aminoglycosides, what rare and serious side effect can also occur with vancomycin? |
Red man syndrome |
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Name another glycopeptide and its side effect? |
Teicoplanin and thrombocytopenia |
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Spectrum of indication for Vanc as well as five indications? |
Nearly all gram + bacteria
MRSA infection C.diff Coagulase negative staph Prosthetic joint infection penicillin allergy |
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Name two macrolides |
Erythromycin and clarithromycin |
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What is the mechanism of action of macrolides? |
Inhibit protein synthesis at the ribosome |
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Resistance is common to macrolides in which bugs |
Staphs and streps |
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Side effects of the macrolides? |
nausea and GI effects |
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3 Indications for the use of macrolides |
Skin and soft tissue infections if penicillin allergic
CAP (atypicals)
Campylobacter infection |
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Name two tetracyclines? |
Minocycline
Doxycycline |
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What is their mechanism of action (tetracycline) |
Inhibition of protein synthesis |
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Four indications for the use of tetracyclines |
Acne MRSA oral CAP oral Exacerbation of COPD Chlamydia |
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Metronidazole works by what mechanism? |
Disrupts DNA |
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When should metronidazole not be taken? |
In early pregnancy
Do not drink alcohol with it due to a disulphiran like reaction
peripheral neuropathy |
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Metronidazole is indicated in the treatment of which bugs? |
Anaerobic infection |
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Trimethoprim works in what manner? |
By inhibiting dihydrofolate reductase
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What organism is partially resistant to Trimethoprim? |
E.coli
About 20% of the time |
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Trimethoprim is indicated in what, when? |
UTI in primary care when uncomplicated and can be given orally |
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Linezolid and daptomycin are what type of drugs? |
Injectable anti-gram positive agents used against multi-resistant strains |
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Linezolid and daptomycin can be given via which route? |
Linezolid: IV or PO
Daptomycin: IV |
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Daptomycin and linezolid carry which particular side effects? |
Linezolid: thrombocytopenia, peripheral neuropathy
Daptomycin: Muscle toxicity |
