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27 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Drugs causing neurologic seizures (7)
1. Acyclovir (high dose)
2. Amantadine
3. Imipenem
4. Meropenem
5. Metronidazole
6. Quinolones (ofloxacin)
7. High dose beta-lactams
Drugs causing hearing loss (3)
1. Aminoglycosides
2. Vancomycin
3. Erythromycin
Drugs causing renal toxicity (6)
1. Aminoglycosides
2. Amphotericin B
3. Vancomycin
4. Methicillin (interstitial nephritis)
5. TMP-SMX (rare)
6. Acyclovir (in dehydrated)
Drugs causing most frequent GI toxicities (4)
1. Erythromycin (worst)
2. Clindamycin (most common for C diff colitis)
3. Ampicillin
4. Amox-Clav
Drugs causing hepatic toxicity (9)
[TB drugs]
1. Isoniazid
2. Rifampin
3. Pyrazinamide

4. Erythromycin
5. Tetracycine
6. Clindamycin
[Fungal drugs]
7. Ketaconazole
8. Itraconazole

9. HIV drugs
Drugs causing hematologic toxicities (8)
1. Chloramphenicol (dose-dept anemia, aplastic anemia)
2. Nafcillin
3. Sulfa drugs
4. Amphotericin B
5. Ganciclovir
6. Vancomycin
7. AZT
8. Cephalosporins (hypoprothrombinemia)
Drugs causing eye problems (2)
1. Isoniazid (optic neuritis)
2. Ethambutol (optic neuritis, green/red perception loss)
Allergic reactions caused by drugs
Most common in cephalosporins and penicillins (3-5%)
Anaphylactic type I reaction (0.015-0.04%)
Type III/serum sickness (cephalosporins, ampicillin)
Sulfa: exfoliative dermatitis, Stevens-Johnson's
Drugs causing Infusion-related drug side effects (6)
Phlebitis/vein inflammation
1. Amphotericin B (fever/chill, N/V, hypotension)
2. Nafcillin
3. Vancomycin (red-man syndrome)
4. Erythromycin
5. Doxycycline
6. Pendamidine (hypotension, syncope, dizzy, N/V, hypoglycemia)
Idiosyncratic/Disulfiram-like reactions
Tachycardia, Nausea/ Vomiting, facial flushing within 30 minutes of drinking alcohol
Drugs causing idiosyncratic/disulfiram-like reactions (3)
1. Metronidazole
2. Ketoconazole
3. Cephalosporins
Drugs causing mucosal changes
Penicillin
- tongue because black, hairy, painful.
Drugs causing flu-like illnesses (1)
Rifampin (fever, chills, myalgia)
Drugs synergistically causing nephrotoxicity (2)
1. Aminoglycosides + vancomycin
2. Amphotericin B + aminoglycosides/vancomycin
Drugs synergistically causing ototoxicity (1)
Aminoglycosides + Vancomycin
Drug increasing warfarin levels
Sulfa drugs increase warfarin levels, leading to increased anti-coagulation
Drug decreasing oral contraceptive levels
Tetracyclines decrease levels of oral contraceptives
Changes in drug metabolism due to rifampin use (2)
Increased hepatic metabolism of digitalis
Decreased phenytoin
Changes in drug metabolism due to ketoconazole (1)
Increase metabolism of theophylline
Changes in drug metabolism due to ciprofloxacin
Decreased clearance of theophylline resulting in toxicity
Changes in drug metabolism caused by ketoconazole and other imidazoles
Increase cyclosporine levels
Changes in drug metabolism caused by erythromycin
Theophylline levels are increased
Increase astemizole, terfenidine and cisapride levels
Drug interactions causing ventricular arrythmias
Azole antifungals and erythromycin use lead to increased astemizole, terfenidine and cisapride levels.
Drug-drug interactions of diflucan
Decrease phenytoin metabolism, increasing its blood levels
Drugs that are chelated and interfered by multivalent cations (iron, antacids) (2)
1. Tetracycline
2. Fluoroquinolones
Use of probenicid
Increases serum concentration of beta-lactams by inhibiting renal excretion of them.
Function of cilastatin use
Blocks renal excretion of imipenem
1. Increase levels of imipenem
2. Decrease amount of nephrotoxic metabolites