Antibacterial Drug List

Front 1

Inhibitors of Cell Wall Synthesis:
Families

Back 1

Penicillins
Cephalosporins
New beta-lactams
Cycloserine
Bacitracin
Vancomycin

Front 2

Aminoglycosides

Back 2

Bactericidal Inhibitors of protein synthesis

Hint 2

30s Ribo

Front 3

Tetracylines

Back 3

Bacteriostatic inhibitors of protein syntheis

Hint 3

30s ribo

Front 4

Chloramphenicol

Back 4

Bacteriostatic inhibitor of protein syntheis

Hint 4

50s ribo

Front 5

Marcolide anitbiotics

Back 5

Bacteriostatic inhibitor of protein syntheis

Hint 5

50s ribo

Front 6

Clindamycin

Back 6

Bacteriostatic inhibitor of protein syntheis

Hint 6

50s ribo

Front 7

Linezolid

Back 7

Bacteriostatic inhibitor of protein syntheis

Hint 7

50s ribo

Front 8

Quinupristin/Dalfopristin

Back 8

Bacteriostatic inhibitor of protein syntheis

Hint 8

50s ribo

Front 9

Daptomycin

Back 9

Inhibition of membrane depolarization

Front 10

Polymyxin B

Back 10

Affect membrane permeability

Front 11

Direct inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis

Back 11

Rifamycins
Fluorinated quinolones

Hint 11

Rifamycins
-Rifampin

Fluorinated quinolones
-ciprofloxacin
-Levofloxacin
-gemifloxacin
-moxifloxacin
-norfloxacin

Front 12

Indirect inhibitor of nucleic acid synthesis

Back 12

metronidazole

Front 13

Indirect inhibitors (via folate metabolism) of nucleic acid synthesis

Back 13

Sulfonamides
Trimethoprim

Front 14

Penicillins act by:

Back 14

inhibiting cell wall synth

Front 15

Cephalosporins act by:

Back 15

inhibiting cell wall synth

Front 16

List the penicillins:

Back 16

Penicillin G
Penicillin V
Dicloxacillin
Oxacillin
Nafcillin
Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
Ticarcillin
Piperacillin

Front 17

List the cephalosporins:

Back 17

Cephalexin
Cefadroxil
Cefazolin
Cefoxitin
Cefaclor
Cefuroxime
Cefotaxime
Ceftriaxone
Ceftazidime
Cefepime

Front 18

List the beta-lactams

Back 18

Aztreonam
Imipenem/cilastatin
Meropenem

Front 19

Misc. inhibitors of cell wall synthesis:

Back 19

cycloserine
bacitracin
vancomycin
clavulanic acid
cilastatin

Front 20

Inhibitors of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Back 20

Rifamycins
-Rifampin

Front 21

Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis via folate metabolism

Back 21

Sulfonamides

Hint 21

Sulfamethoxazole
sulfisoxazole
trimethoprim

Front 22

Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis via indirect DNA inhibition

Back 22

metronidazole

Front 23

Bactericidal inhibitors of protein synthesis, 30s ribo

Back 23

Aminoglycosides

Hint 23

Streptomycin
Neomycin
Amikacin
Gentamicin
Tobramycin

Front 24

Bacteriostatic inhibitors of protein synthesis, 30s ribo

Back 24

Tetracyclines

Hint 24

doxycycline
Minocycline
Tetracycline

Front 25

Bacteriostatic inhibitors of protein synthesis, 50s ribo

Back 25

Macrolides
Misc.

Hint 25

Macrolides
-erythromycin
-azithromycin
-clarithromycin

Other
-clindamycin
-chloramphenicol
-linezolid
-quinupristin/dalfopristin

Front 26

Drug: Penicillins
Activity Spectrum:
Mechanism:

Back 26

Narrow (G+)/ Extended

Hint 26

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

Front 27

Drug: Cephalosporins
Activity Spectrum:
Mechanism:

Back 27

Extended

Hint 27

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

Front 28

Drug: Cycloserine
Activity Spectrum:
Mechanism:

Back 28

Extended

Hint 28

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

Front 29

Drug:Vancomycin
Activity Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 29

Narrow (G+)/ (-) resistant

Hint 29

cidal
Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

Front 30

Drug: Bacitracin
Activity Spectrum:
Mechanism:

Back 30

Narrow (G+)

Hint 30

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

Front 31

Drug: Imipenem/Meropenem
Activity Spectrum:
Mechanism:

Back 31

Broad

Hint 31

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

Front 32

Drug: Aztreonam
Activity Spectrum:
Mechanism:

Back 32

(G-)

Hint 32

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

Front 33

Drug: Aminoglycosides
Activity Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 33

extended

Hint 33

cidal
30s ribo

Front 34

Drug:Tetracyclines
Activity Spectrum:
Mechanism:

Back 34

broad

Hint 34

static
30s ribo

Front 35

Drug: Chloramphenicol
Activity Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 35

broad

Hint 35

static/cidal
50s ribo

Front 36

Drug: Erythromycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 36

Narrow (G+)

Hint 36

static/cidal
50s ribo

Front 37

Drug: Clindamycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 37

Narrow (G+)

Hint 37

static
50s ribo

Front 38

Drug: Linezolid
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 38

Narrow (G+)
G- resistant

Hint 38

static
50s ribo

Front 39

Drug: Quinupristin/dalfopristin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 39

Narrow (G+)
G- resistant

Hint 39

static/cidal
50s ribo

Front 40

Drug: Sulfonamides
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 40

Broad

Hint 40

static/cidal
folate metabolism

Front 41

Drug: Quinolones
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 41

(G-)

Hint 41

cidal
act on DNA Gyrase

Front 42

Drug: Fluorinated quinolones
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 42

broad

Hint 42

cidal
act on DNA Gyrase

Front 43

Drug: Metronidazole
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 43

anaerobes

Hint 43

cidal
damages DNA an other macromolecules

Front 44

Drug: Rifampin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 44

extended/broad

Hint 44

cidal
inhibits prokaryotic DNA-dependent RNA polymerase

Front 45

Drug: Daptomycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 45

narrow (G+)
G- resistant

Hint 45

cidal
affect membrane depolarization

Front 46

Drug: Polymyxin B
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 46

narrow (G-)

Hint 46

cidal
affect cell membranes

Front 47

Drug: imipenem/cilastatin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 47

broad

Hint 47

beta lactam
inhibit cell wall synthesis

Front 48

Drug: meropenem
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 48

broad

Hint 48

beta-lactam
inhibit cell wall synthesis

Front 49

Drug: aztreonam
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 49

G- pseudomonas

Hint 49

beta-lactam
inhibit cell wall synthesis

Front 50

Drug: cycloserine
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 50

extended

Hint 50

inhibit cell wall synthesis

Front 51

Drug: vancomycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 51

narrow (G+)
potent against staphylococci
reserved for resistant strains

Hint 51

inhibit cell wall synthesis

Front 52

Drug: bacitracin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 52

narrow (G+)

Hint 52

inhibit cell wall synthesis

topical only

Front 53

Drug: clavulanic acid
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 53

given w/ aminopenicillins

Hint 53

inhibit cell wall synthesis

Front 54

Drug: cilastatin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 54

given w/ imipenem

Hint 54

inhibit cell wall synthesis

Front 55

Drug: Streptomycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 55

serious G-

Hint 55

cidal
30s ribo

Front 56

Drug:neomycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 56

serious G-

Hint 56

cidal
30s ribo

Front 57

Drug: amikacin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 57

serious G-

Hint 57

cidal
30s ribo

Front 58

Drug: gentamicin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 58

serious G-

Hint 58

cidal
30s ribo

Front 59

Drug: tobramycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 59

Serious G-

Hint 59

cidal
30s ribo

Front 60

Drug: doxycycline
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 60

broad

Hint 60

static
30s ribo

Front 61

Drug: minocycline
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 61

broad

Hint 61

static
30s ribo

Front 62

Drug: tetracycline
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 62

broad

Hint 62

static
30s ribo

Front 63

Drug: erythromycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 63

narrow g+

Hint 63

static
50s ribo

Front 64

Drug: azithromycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 64

narrow g+

Hint 64

static
50s ribo

Front 65

Drug: clarithromycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 65

narrow G+

Hint 65

static
50s ribo

Front 66

Drug: clindamycin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 66

anaerobic infections outside CNS

Hint 66

static
50s ribo

Front 67

Drug: chloramphenicol
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 67

broad

Hint 67

static
50s ribo

Front 68

Drug: linezolid
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 68

resistant organisms

Hint 68

static
50s ribo

Front 69

Drug: quinupristin/dalfopristin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 69

gram + cocci

Hint 69

cidal
50s ribo

Front 70

Drug: Rifampin
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 70

extended/broad

Hint 70

cidal
inhibits DNA dependent RNA polymerase

Front 71

Drug: fluoroquinolones (floxacin)
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 71

broad

Hint 71

cidal
inhibit DNA replication

Front 72

Drug:sulfonamides
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 72

broad

Hint 72

static
inhibit folate metabolism

Front 73

Drug: Trimethoprim
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 73

synergistic w/sulfamethoxazole

Hint 73

inhibit folate metabolism

Front 74

Drug: Metronidazole
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 74

cidal

Hint 74

inhibits anaerobic infection

Front 75

Drug: polymyxin B
Spectrum:
Effect & Mechanism:

Back 75

Gram-
cidal

Hint 75

affects membrane permeability

Front 76

Aminoglycosides (ANGST)

Back 76

Bactericidal 30s inhibitors

Hint 76

Amikacin
Neomycin
Gentamycin
Streptomycin
Tobramycin

Front 77

Tetracyclines

Back 77

Bacteriostatic 30s inhibitors

Hint 77

Doxycycline
Minocycline
Tetracyline

Front 78

Macrolides

Back 78

Bacteriostatic 50s inhibitors

Hint 78

ACE
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Erythromycin

Front 79

Streptogramins

Back 79

Synergistic bacteriostatic 50s inhibitors

Hint 79

Quinipristin/Dalfopristin

Front 80

Antibiotics inhibit protein synthesis by:

Back 80

Inhibiting either the 30s or 50s ribosomal subunits

Front 81

Antibiotics directly inhibit nucleic acid synthesis by:

Back 81

1. inhibiting DNA dependent RNA polymerase
2. inhibiting DNA replication

Hint 81

1. rifampin
2. Fluoroquinolones

Front 82

Antibiotics indirectly inhibit nucleic acid synthesis by:

Back 82

inhibiting folate metabolism

Hint 82

sulfonamides
trimethoprim

Front 83

Which antibiotics affect membrane permeability?

Back 83

Daptomycin
Polymyxin B

Front 84

3 families of beta-lactams

Back 84

penicillins
cephalosporins
new beta-lactams

Front 85

4 non-beta lactam CW synthesis inhibitors

Back 85

cycloserine
vancomycin
bacitracin
clavulanic acid

Front 86

4 families of penicillins

Back 86

1. natural
2. penicillinase resistant
3. aminopenicillins
4. antipseudomonal

Hint 86

1. penicillin G
penicillin V
2. dicloxacillin
oxacillin
nafcillin
3. ampicillin
amoxicillin
4. ticarcillin
piperacillin

Front 87

4 families of cephalosporins

Back 87

1st generation
2nd generation
3rd generation
4th generation

Hint 87

1. cephalexin
cefadroxil
cefazolin
2. cefoxitin
cefaclor
cefuroxime
3. cefotaxime
ceftriaxone
ceftazime
4. cefepime

Front 88

2 families of new beta-lactams

Back 88

1. monobactams
2. carbapenems

Hint 88

1. aztreonam
2. imipenem (w/cilastatin)
meropenem

Front 89

Narrow spectrum drugs affect

Back 89

G+ rods/cocci
G- cocci

Front 90

Extended spectrum drugs affect:

Back 90

Gram+ rods/cocci
G- cocci and SOME G- rods

Front 91

Broad spectrum drugs affect:

Back 91

Many G+ and G- organisms

Front 92

Define superinfection

Back 92

appearance of a new infection during treatment of a primary infection

Front 93

Intrinsic resistance

Back 93

Absence of the target for drug action.
Eg. Mycoplasma have no cell wall...intrinsically resistant to CW synthesis inhibitiors
OR
many G- are resistant to penicillin G b/c it cannot penetrate the outer membrane

Front 94

Acquired resistance

Back 94

mutation or new DNA

Front 95

Cycloserine mechanism of action

Back 95

competitive inhibitor of dipeptide enzymes
structural analog of D-alanine

Front 96

Vancomycin mechanism of action

Back 96

binds cell wall precursor unit, preventing peptidoglycan synth

Front 97

bacitracin mechanism of action

Back 97

blocks elongation of peptidoglycan cell wall

Front 98

beta-lactam's mechanism of action

Back 98

inhibit cross-linking of peptidoglycan by transpeptidase

Front 99

Characteristics of natural penicilins

Back 99

susceptible to penicillinase

Front 100

beta-lactamase (penicillinase) inhibitors (Clavulanic acid) Mechanism of action

Back 100

cleaves beta-lactam ring, thus noncompetitive- inhibits cross-linking of peptidoglycan walls.

combined with penicillin

Front 101

Characteristics of penicillinase resistant penicillins

Back 101

resistant to penicillinase

Front 102

Characteristics of aminopenicillins

Back 102

susceptible to penicillinase
extended spectrum

Front 103

characteristics of antipseudomonal penicillins

Back 103

susceptible to penicillinase
broader spectrum
poor oral absorption

Front 104

Characteristics of 1st gen cephalosporins

Back 104

good against G+
poor G-
No CNS

Front 105

Characteristics of 2nd generation cephalosporins

Back 105

increased G-, less G+
increased beta-lactamase resistance

Front 106

Characteristics of 3rd generation cephalosporins

Back 106

low G+, broad G-
Penetrates CNS

Front 107

Characteristics of 4th generation cephalosporins

Back 107

More G+ activity than third gen

Front 108

is vancomycin a beta-lactam?
best target?

Back 108

NO
most potent against staphylococci

Front 109

fluorinated quinolones

Back 109

broad spectrum bacteriocidal

Front 110

Sulfonamides

Back 110

broad spectrum bacteriostatic