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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is only one anti-viral used not encouraged?
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If only one is used, viruses can easily mutate to drug-resistant form.
Simultaneous administration of multiple different antiviral drugs can minimize expansion of drug resistant viruses, even at nontoxic drug doses. |
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What are the broad-spectrum antiviral drugs?
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There are none dummy. Each virus must be evaluated individuallly to identify potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Are antivirals available for HCV and HIV?
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No, there aren't.
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What is Pleconaril's MOA?
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Blocks virus binding/uncoating. It binds into a capsid pocket and interferes with the structural transitions needed for genome entry into cells.
It is specific for picornaviruses. |
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What does "Abreva" do?
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Docosanol is a long-chain alcohol that involves blockade of virus entry.
OTC cold sore medication. |
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What is the entry inhibitor T20 (peptide drug) called and how does it work?
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Enfuvirtide blocks HIV gp120/gp41-mediated membrane fusion activities.
Specifically, it inhibits the hairpin formation necessary for fusion. |
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What are the two main types of anti-influenza drugs?
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Amantidine and Oseltamivir.
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What does Amantidine do? What does Oseltamivir do?
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Amantidine- M2 ion channel inhibitor
Oseltamivir- Neuraminidase inhibitor |
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What drug is used for most Herpes Simplex Viruses?
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Acyclovir and Valtrex.
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What is necessary to activate acyclovir in the cells.
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Acyclovir needs to be phosphorylated by viral thymidine kinase for it to work.
Note:It works only in infected cells. |
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How is Valtrex different from Acyclovir?
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Valtrex is Acyclovir with a valine adduct that increases the oral bioavailability of the drug.
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Which antiviral is used by reverse transcriptase?
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AZT is used by RT and incorporated into DNA chains.
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How does Ribavirin work and what is it used for?
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Ribavirin is a guanosine analog that does not terminate DNA chains. It acts as a mutagen. RNA replication is very erroneous so an increased mutagenic load causes error catastrophe.
It is active agains RNA viruses and used to treat RSV infections. |
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Which drug inhibits HSV and HIV DNA polymerases by competitively interfering with dNTP binding?
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Foscarnet
Used topically for herpes infections. |
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What are the six drug classes of HAART?
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NRTIs
NNRTIs CCR5 inhibitor Fusion inhibitor Integrase inhibitor Protease inhibitor |
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Why is protease a good drug target?
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Because viral protease is unique to infected cells.
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