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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a topical Polyene?
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Nystatin
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What class of drug does amphotericin B belong to and what is its MoA?
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Class: Polyene
MoA: binds to ergosterol and forms pores in the fungal cell MBs --> allows electrolytes to leak out |
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What are unique SE of polyenes?
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Immediate: fever/shaking chills
Delayed: permanent renal tubule damage |
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What is the gold standard treatment for fungal infections
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Amphotericin B
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DoC for oral thrush
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Nystatin (topical polyene)
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MoA: fungal cells convert drug into 5-fluorouracil --> inhibits thymidylate synthetase = inhibits DNA synthesis --> impaired protein synthesis
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Pyrimidine (5-flucytosine)
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What are unique side effects of 5 flucoytosine?
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Bone marrow suppression - due to drug being antineoplastic
Toxic colitis |
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When is 5-flucytosine used?
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Cryptococcaly meningits because it can penetrate the CSF (100%)
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What is the MoA of Azoles?
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Inhibits fungal ergosterol synthesis --> increases fungal cell MB permeability
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What are the unique SE of azoles?
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1. Cytochrome p-450 inhibitor --> liver dysfunction
2. prolongs QT |
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Can cause:
- blurred vision - photophobia |
Voriconazole (azole)
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Which drug acts as a Glucan synthesis inhibitor?
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Caspofungin (Echinocandin)
*glucan is an integral part of the fungal cell wall* |
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What is a unique SE of Caspofungin?
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1. Upset GI
2. Flushing 3. Hepatotoxicity (if with cyclosporine) |
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When is Caspofungin (echinocandin) used?
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CaSpo = Candida + Asperigillus
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What is the MoA of Terbinafine (allylamine)?
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Inhibits fungal enzyme SQUALENE EPOXIDASE which inhibits lanosterol synthesis and ultimately ergosterol
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What is used to treat dermatophytes and toenail fungus?
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Terbinafine (allylamine)
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What is the MoA of Griseofulvin?
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interferes with microtubule function --> interrupts mitosis
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What are the unique SE of Griseofulvin?
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1. Teratogenic
2. carcinogenic 3. increase P-450 + Warfarin metabolism |
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When is Griseofulvin used?
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to treat superficial oral infections and to inhibit growth of dermatophytes
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