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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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stimuli of nauseea and vomiting
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radiation
motion opiates surgery |
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mechanism of N/V
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stimulation of stretch senseitive or chemosensitive afferents, vagal afferents
direct stimulation of area postrema vestibular afferents action of 5-ht receptors |
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motion sickness drugs
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dimenhydrinate (dramamine)
hydroxyzine scopolamine |
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dimenhydrinate
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motion sickness
mixed histamine H1/muscarinic receptor antagonist |
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hydroxyzine
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motions sickness
mixed H1/musc receptor ant |
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scopolamine
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motion sickness
muscarinic antagonist |
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MOA of motion sickness drugs
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muscarinic antagonists or mixed H1/musc antagonist
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ondansetron
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selective 5HT-3 antagonist
vagal afferents, nst, area postrema |
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metoclopromide
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anti-emetic
high doses has extrapyramidal side effects |
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antiemetic drug that has extrapyramidal side effects at high doses
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metoclopramide
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chlorpromazine
perchlorperazine |
DA receptor blocking activity
may induce ExPy SE |
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dexamethasone
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glucocorticoid
enhances effectiveness of other antiemetics |
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used to enhance effects of other antiemetics
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dexamethasone
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lorazepam
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BDZ adjuct for cancer chemo
reduces stress and anticipatory emesis |
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rapid effects of chlorpromazine
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chemical straightjacket )acute psychotic symptoms)
sedation, disinterest, psychomotor slowing, emotional quieting |
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delayed effects of chlorpromazine
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2-3 weeks to develop, anti-schizophrenic effects
tension, hyperactivity, combativeness, hotility, hallucinations, delusions, insomnia, anorexia, negativism, withdrawal |
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early side effects of chlorpromazine
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extrapyramidal symptoms (reversible and treatable,
parkinison like symptoms akathisia acute dystonic reactions |
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late onset effects of chlorpromazine
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tardive dyskinesia
irreversible, untreatable |
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mechanism of action of chlorpromazine
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D2 receptor antagonist
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site of action of chlorpromaizine for schizophrenia
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frontal cortex and limbic structures
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site of actiono f chlorpromazine for extrapyramidal side effects
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striatum
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low potency antipsychotic
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chlorpromazine
thioridizine |
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haloperidol
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high potency antipsychotic
no sedation or postural hypotension strong extrapyramidal SE no anticholinergic effects |
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high potency antipsychotic
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haloperidol
fluphenazin |
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intermediate potency antipsychotic
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trifluoperazin
perphenazin thiothixene |
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thioridazine
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low potency antipsychotic
high sedation high postural hypotension high anticholinergic effects low extrapyramidal side effects |
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side effects of chlorpromazine and antipsychotics
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oversedation
overdose seizures alpha blockade reflex tachycardia anticholinergic (dry mouth, blurred vision, urine retention) galactorrhea, amenorrhea neuroleptic malignant syndrome |
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neuroleptic malignant syndrome
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rare side effect of antypsychotics
hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, autonomic symptoms, altered consciousness |
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diphenhydramine
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anticholinergic antiparkinson drug
used to manage extrapyramidal side effects |
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trihexiphenidyl
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anticholinergic antiparkinson drug
manage extra pyramidal side effects of antipsychotics |
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benztropine
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anticholinergic antiparkinson drug
manage extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotics |
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drugs used to manage extrapyramidal side effects of antipsychotic drugs
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diphenhydramine
trihexiphenidyl benztropine |
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clozapine
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second generation antipsychotic
little EPS more effective in treating negative symptoms |
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side effect of clozapine
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agranulocytosis
1-2% can be fatal |
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second generation antipsychotics
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risperidone
clozapine olanzapine |
