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31 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Name the four men who did stuff about Theory.
1) Tylor
2) Frazer
3) Herbert Spencer
4) Henry Morgan
Who is considered the "father of anthropology?"
Tylor
What is animism?
Belief in spiritual beings
What is the "Evolutionary Sequence of Religion?"
Animism-Polytheism-Monotheism
What did Tylor come up with?
The "Evolutionary Sequence of Religion"
Who believed in animism?
Tylor
What is the "Golden Bough" about?
Rituals and myths compared to culture
Who wrote the "Golden Bough?"
Frazer
What did Herbert Spencer believe?
Social Darwinism
What is "Social Darwinism?"
Some groups fit to rule others
What type of anthropologists are considered "ethnocentric?"
Amateur Anthropologists
What do amateur anthropologists study and what are they interested in?
They studied primitive societies and are interested in origins of social institutions and cultural practices
What is "psychic unity of mankind?"
All people uniform in origin and development
What is "conjectural history?"
Speculative reconstruction of past lifeways
What is the "unilinear progress?"
Savagery-Barbarism-Civilization
What is "Argonauts of West Pacific and Coral Gardens and their Magic" about?
It explained how beliefs in magic served as a function for that culture
What "problems" do amateur anthropologists have?
Ethnocentric, conjectural history, and diffusion
What is diffusion?
Change due to outside influences
What is "biopsychological functionalism?"
Customs exist to satisfy bio and psych needs of people
What are "problems" of biopsychological functionalism?
no room for cultural change and practices are maladaptive
What is "functionalism?"
A social custom or institution fulfills a fuction
What is organic analogy?
Society is organism with inter-related parts and functions to maintain organism in steady state
Who is the "father of AMERICAN anthropology?"
Franz Boas
Who is the "father of fieldwork and particpant obersvation?"
Malinowski
What was Franz Boas belief in theory?
Data first, make theories later
What book did Malinowski write?
Argonauts of West Pacific and Coral Gardens and their Magic
Who came up with "cultural determinism?"
Franz Boas
What is "cultural determinism?"
Culture determines behavior
Besides cultural determinism what else did Boas come up with?
Historical particularism
What is Franz Boas famous quote?
Man is born free, yet everywhere he is in chains to culture
What is "historical particularism?"
Each society understood only with its own past.(unique)