Anthropology Final

Front 1

4 methods of cult. change

Back 1

innovation, diffusion, accult, directed

Front 2

types of innovations

Back 2

accidents, discoveries, inventions

Front 3

def. discovery:

Back 3

finding or making something new or a new use for something already known

Front 4

def. invention:

Back 4

making or creating of something new

Front 5

define diffusion: ( memorize )

Back 5

- Spreading of an innovation from one culture to another

Front 6

3 marital residence patterns and def. each

Back 6

evunculocal - uncle
matrilocal
patrilocal

Front 7

def. endogamy and exogamy

Back 7

marriage within the group and outside the group ( ex= outside)

Front 8

def. levirate marriage and give biblical example

Back 8

man marries dead brothers wife ( sister in law), tamar and judah

Front 9

def. sororate marriage

Back 9

man marries his dead wifes sister, jacob and rachel

Front 10

def. bride wealth and bride service

Back 10

bride wealth= price
" " service= work for bride.. (jacob for rachel)

Front 11

nuclear vs extended family def.

Back 11

nuclear: couple with children
extended: 3 generations + 2 or more nucl. families linked by blood line

Front 12

types of polygamy: 3 and define

Back 12

polgyny:1 male, multiple females (gyny)
polyandry: 1 female, multiple males (andy)
polygynandry:2 or more males, with 2 or more females

Front 13

cross-cousin

Back 13

cousin from parents oppositte sex sibling (ie father's sisters child)

Front 14

def. genealogy and who defined it:

Back 14

Rivers- a tool to study kinship systems and familial relationships

Front 15

types of unilineal descent

Back 15

patri-lineal (follows only the male line– but includes both sexes)
b. matri-lineal (follows only the female line– but includes both sexes)
c. ambi-lineal (lineal, but follows male line and female line sequentially
( every other )

Front 16

def. affinal vs. consanguineal

Back 16

affinal= rel. by marriage
consanguineal= by blood

Front 17

list the 4 types of unilineal decent GROUPS (not rules) and explain gen. characteristics.

Back 17

tribe-- moitie--phratry--clans--lineages

Moieite: made of a tribe

Phratry: made of multiple clans.. related but distant

Clans: composed of multiple lineages (idea= inclusion). – do not know the common ancestor and instead ancestor is a mythical figure ( bear, or eagle etc.)

Lineage: either patri or matri that can ancestry back to a common ancestor

Front 18

diff. between stratified/ egalitarian societies

Back 18

stratified/ranked
=caste system (class can be open and closed)
=most inequality= closed (closed also called caste.. no way to move)
verses egalitarian

Front 19

diff. between age grades and age sets

Back 19

stages of life vs group moves together
( second grade vs. class of 2010)

Front 20

functions of institutions:
malinowski vs. radcliffe brown

Back 20

``malinowski: psychological funct.

Meets needs of individuals (ex. Emotional support)
-Reduces anxiety for the individual

Radcliffe brown- structural functionalism
increases anxiety
- created for the society

Front 21

3 stages of rites of passage: and who defined

Back 21

Separation,
transition,
reincorporation:
-van kneppe

Front 22

def. "ordeal"

Back 22

when divination is accomplished through subjecting suspected people potential harm or death.

Front 23

id three types of magic and char. of each

Back 23

Imitative,-voodoo ( poking a doll)

contagious, - things in contact continue to influence. (nail clippings, hair cuttings, clothing assoc. with person can be used to impact the person they came from)

cause and effect: superstitions ( walking under ladder)

Front 24

give some forms of divination

Back 24

forms are many-
throwing dice,
reading cards,
astrology,
examining animals internal organs.. some used to determine who is guilty

Front 25

culture change:
def. diffusion

Back 25

- Spreading of an innovation from one culture to another

Front 26

def. worldview

Back 26

implicit basic assumptions about and perceptions of reality which underly beliefs, values, and behaviors of a culture

Front 27

characteristics of values

Back 27

Follow Form function meaning
Ends vs. means vs mean in it self
Ideal vs. real
Ranking of values
Values guide behavior
Values are personal (carry emotional charge)

Front 28

marv mayers said what?

Back 28

"we are each a bundle of values"

Front 29

Morris Opler is known for what?

Back 29

cultural themes "worldveiw imprints theams"

Front 30

do all cultures share all the same values?

Back 30

false

Front 31

descent rules, diff between unilineal and bilateral.
which do we follow?

Back 31

`uni- follows only one line (ie father's)
`bi- both sides of the family considered "related" to me
`we follow bilateral but there exists survivals from patri system (last names)

Front 32

def. 3 unlinineal systems

Back 32

a. patri-lineal (follows only the male line– but includes both sexes)
b. matri-lineal (follows only the female line– but includes both sexes)
c. ambi-lineal (lineal, but follows male line and female line sequentially)

Front 33

what is a non unilineal system

Back 33

bi lateral- follows both lines

Front 34

parallel cousin

Back 34

cousin from parents' same-sex sibling (ie father's brother's child)