Anthropology Exam 2

Front 1

Human communication by means of shared symbols

Back 1

Language

Front 2

Consonant that makes use of “clicks,” like in Ashanti

Back 2

Implosive consonant

Front 3

The archaeology of a society that has written records

Back 3

Historical archaeology

Front 4

The time needed for one-half of a given amount of a radioactive substance to decay

Back 4

Half-life

Front 5

The innate capacity of humans to speak grammatically correctly

Back 5

Generative grammar

Front 6

A subfield of anthropology applied to legal matters. Usually involved in the identification of skeletal remains and the assessment of time and cause of death.

Back 6

Forensic anthropology

Front 7

The process of making stone tools

Back 7

Flint knapping

Front 8

Like our consonants

Back 8

Explosive consonant

Front 9

The process of understanding ancient skills and technologies by reproducing them.

Back 9

Experimental archaeology

Front 10

A method employed by archaeologists commonly known as “digging.” It takes into account both time and space, i.e., how far down something was uncovered in relation to other artifacts

Back 10

Excavation

Front 11

The study of the meanings of words, especially as they relate to folk taxonomy

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Ethnosemantics

Front 12

Interpreting archaeological data through the observation of analogous activities in existing societies.

Back 12

Ethnographic analogy

Front 13

Restricting marriage to members of the same culturally defined group

Back 13

Endogamy

Front 14

Natural or human-made casts of the inside of a skull; the cast reflects the surface of the brain and allows us to study the brains of even extinct species.

Back 14

Endocasts

Front 15

Here, the two levels of human language: units of sound and units of meaning that those units of sound are combined to create

Back 15

Duality

Front 16

The ability to communicate about things and ideas not immediate in space or time

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Displacement

Front 17

The movement of cultural ideas and artifacts among societies. Cultural borrowing

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Diffusion

Front 18

The study of the structure of language in general and of the specific variations among languages

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Descriptive linguistics

Front 19

The result of pidgin languages passed down to the next generation; a formal language with larger vocabulary, more complex grammar, and more consistency than its original pidgin language.

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Creole

Front 20

What starts or stops the flow of sound created by a vowel

Back 20

Consonant

Front 21

Concentric circles created in rock from the shockwaves caused by flint knapping. They may be studied to determine where the blow struck and in what direction.

Back 21

Conchoidal shells

Front 22

Words that are similar in two or more languages as a result of common descent

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Cognates

Front 23

Communication systems of all nonhumans, where there may be communication through meaningful signs, but all meanings are specific. Thus, there is a finite amount of things that may be communicated

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Closed communication system

Front 24

A geographic continuum in the variation of a trait. A gradual change in the variation over a geographic area.

Back 24

Cline

Front 25

A radiometric dating technique using the decay rate of a radioactive form of carbon found in organic remains

Back 25

Carbon dating

Front 26

a puff of air released from the mouth after saying a consonant

Back 26

Aspiration

Front 27

Here, the fact that the features of human languages bear no direct relation to their meanings but are agreed-on symbols

Back 27

Arbitrary

Front 28

Dating that gives a specific age, year, or range of years for an object or site.

Back 28

Absolute dating