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40 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
bride price
price paid for a bride (to compensate the family's loss)
bride service
working for bride's family
dowry
what is offered with the wife
jati
local castes
varna
nationwide classes of occupations
panchayat
local council of elected members for jati
segmented opposition
E.E. Evans Pritchard: no government authority; only obligation is morality to defend one's kinship group against enemies
worldview
collective body of ideas that members of a culture share regarding shape and substance of reality
negative reciprocity
form of exchange in which the aim is to get something for as little as possible neither fair nor balanced, it may involve bargaining, manipulation, and cheating
association
social groupings in complex society
swidden farming
slash-and-burn; externsive form of horticulture in which the natural vegetation is cut, the slash is subsequently burned, and crops are then planted among ashes
culture core
cultural features that are fundamental in the society's way of making its living- including food-producing techniques, knowledge of available resources
carrying capacity
number of people that the available resources can support at a given level of food-getting techniques
humanism
attaching importance to human dignity, concern, and capabilities, especially rationality
functionalism
social structure in terms of the function of its constituents (norms, customs, traditions, institutions)
cultural ecology school
1. parallel evolution of different cultures to similar ecosystems

2. specific technologies create similarities

3. culture core: patterns of social organization
emic vs. etic
account from person in culture; culturally neutral (observer)
ethnic psychosis
mental disorder specific to particular ethnic group
revitalization movement
radical cultural reform in response to widespread social disruption and collective feelings of great stress and despair
tsu clan
a group of patrilocal extended families who think they're related through a mythical ancestor; women leaves natal family to join family
mechanisms of integration
reciprocal ritual services between phratries and moieties
acephalous kinship organization
1. minimal lineage (3-5 gens)
2. minor lineage (several mins)
3. major lineage (several minor)
4. maximal lineage (several major)
ethnoscience
shared cultural cognitive systems (mother)
informal economy
network of producing and circulating marketable commodities, labor, and services that for various reasons escape government control
globalization
worldwide interconnectedness evidenced in global movements of natural resources, trade goods, human labor, finance capital, information, and infectious diseases
modernization
process of political and socioeconomic change, whereby developing societies acquire some of the cultural characteristics of western industrial societies
syncretism
in acculturation, the blending of indigenous and foreign beliefs and practices into new cultural forms
animism/mana
nature is enlivened and personalized by spirit beings/ supernatural force that dwells
stimulus diffusion
idea or innovation that isn't readily accepted into society but causes experimentation and eventual change
ethnocide vs. genocide
violent eradication of an ethnic group's cultural identity; extinction of a large group of people
horticulture vs. agriculture
plant cultivation; production of food and goods
replacement reproduction
point at which birth rates and death rates are in equilibrium
global apartheid
separation of races
myth
sacred narrative that explains fundamentals of human existence
legend
story behind a memorable event or figure handed down by tradition and told as true
folktale
does not claim to be true
folklore
term coined by 19h century scholars studying unwritten stories and other artistic traditions of rural peoples to distinguish between "folk art" and "fine art" of literate elite
cultural pluralism
smaller groups within society retain their own traits and culture
pantheon
system of higher and lower gods (polytheism)
multilinear evolution
evolution as adapting to diversity