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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
bride price
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price paid for a bride (to compensate the family's loss)
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bride service
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working for bride's family
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dowry
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what is offered with the wife
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jati
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local castes
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varna
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nationwide classes of occupations
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panchayat
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local council of elected members for jati
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segmented opposition
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E.E. Evans Pritchard: no government authority; only obligation is morality to defend one's kinship group against enemies
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worldview
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collective body of ideas that members of a culture share regarding shape and substance of reality
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negative reciprocity
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form of exchange in which the aim is to get something for as little as possible neither fair nor balanced, it may involve bargaining, manipulation, and cheating
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association
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social groupings in complex society
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swidden farming
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slash-and-burn; externsive form of horticulture in which the natural vegetation is cut, the slash is subsequently burned, and crops are then planted among ashes
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culture core
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cultural features that are fundamental in the society's way of making its living- including food-producing techniques, knowledge of available resources
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carrying capacity
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number of people that the available resources can support at a given level of food-getting techniques
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humanism
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attaching importance to human dignity, concern, and capabilities, especially rationality
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functionalism
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social structure in terms of the function of its constituents (norms, customs, traditions, institutions)
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cultural ecology school
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1. parallel evolution of different cultures to similar ecosystems
2. specific technologies create similarities 3. culture core: patterns of social organization |
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emic vs. etic
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account from person in culture; culturally neutral (observer)
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ethnic psychosis
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mental disorder specific to particular ethnic group
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revitalization movement
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radical cultural reform in response to widespread social disruption and collective feelings of great stress and despair
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tsu clan
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a group of patrilocal extended families who think they're related through a mythical ancestor; women leaves natal family to join family
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mechanisms of integration
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reciprocal ritual services between phratries and moieties
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acephalous kinship organization
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1. minimal lineage (3-5 gens)
2. minor lineage (several mins) 3. major lineage (several minor) 4. maximal lineage (several major) |
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ethnoscience
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shared cultural cognitive systems (mother)
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informal economy
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network of producing and circulating marketable commodities, labor, and services that for various reasons escape government control
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globalization
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worldwide interconnectedness evidenced in global movements of natural resources, trade goods, human labor, finance capital, information, and infectious diseases
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modernization
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process of political and socioeconomic change, whereby developing societies acquire some of the cultural characteristics of western industrial societies
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syncretism
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in acculturation, the blending of indigenous and foreign beliefs and practices into new cultural forms
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animism/mana
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nature is enlivened and personalized by spirit beings/ supernatural force that dwells
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stimulus diffusion
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idea or innovation that isn't readily accepted into society but causes experimentation and eventual change
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ethnocide vs. genocide
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violent eradication of an ethnic group's cultural identity; extinction of a large group of people
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horticulture vs. agriculture
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plant cultivation; production of food and goods
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replacement reproduction
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point at which birth rates and death rates are in equilibrium
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global apartheid
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separation of races
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myth
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sacred narrative that explains fundamentals of human existence
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legend
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story behind a memorable event or figure handed down by tradition and told as true
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folktale
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does not claim to be true
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folklore
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term coined by 19h century scholars studying unwritten stories and other artistic traditions of rural peoples to distinguish between "folk art" and "fine art" of literate elite
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cultural pluralism
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smaller groups within society retain their own traits and culture
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pantheon
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system of higher and lower gods (polytheism)
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multilinear evolution
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evolution as adapting to diversity
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