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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Arboreal
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Adapted to living in the trees.
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stratificiation
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relating to superposition. The context of the find in relative dating when fossils and remains are found below the ground.
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association
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relative dating. dating by comparison to other objects found in a dig site.
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niche
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describing the relational position of an organism's species
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speciation
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evolution of new species from existing ones.
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paleoanthropology
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Combination of paleontology and physical anthropology. study of ancient humans as found in fossil hominid remains, such as petrifacted bones and footprints.
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Bipedal locomotion
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Walking upright on two legs
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Holistic
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Examining a subject by focusing on the interrelationship of it's parts.
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Adaptive Radiation
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The evolution and splitting (spreading) of species into new niches.
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The 4 fields of anthropology
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Cultural, linguistic, biological, archeology.
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4 processes of evolution
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gene drift
gene flow natural selection mutation |
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genotype
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make-up of genetic material
Alleles possessed by an organism. Pair of each genes. |
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Phenotype
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Physical observable characteristics of an organism due to it's genetic code.
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Some behavior patterns of primates
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Social, recognize individuals, dominance hierchy, tool use, hunting groups
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Sociobiology
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The scientific study that examines evolutionary explanations for social behavior within species.
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Inclusive Fitness
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The fact that close relatives share many of the same genes
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Generalized Species
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Human
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Species (definition)
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A group of organisms capable of breeding and producing fertile offspring
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speciation
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Evolution of new species from existing ones.
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Relative Dating
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Not a precise date. Dating by comparison to known dates of other objects and fossils in a survey site.
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Absolute dating
Radiocarbon 14 potassium argon |
-organic material only up to 50000 years old
-Dates volcanic rock only, but has higher accuracy up to 1.3 billion years |
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Reproductive isolation mechanisms
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Anything that prevents members from 2 groups of species from breeding and producing fertile offspring.
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65mya
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first primate like species
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55 mya
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first primate species
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What are some of the characteristics that separate primates from other mammals
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Opposable thumbs. Tendency towards bipedal locomotion. Generalized diet. Ability to learn behaviors from parents. Sex for uses other than reproduction. Political societies. More visually dependent senses.
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characteristics of primates
-Hands |
-Opposible thumbs
-high ability to grasp -enhanced tactile nerve endings in ends of of digits. -nails instead of claws -5 digits on hands and feet |
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characteristics of primates
-Eyes |
-Eyes are positioned towards the front of the face.
-Ability to see in color -stereoscopic vision -higher visual sense, less sensitive smell sense |
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characteristics of primates
-Teeth |
-Generalized dentition. can be omnivorous.
-lack of dietary specification |
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Characteristics of primates
-body |
-Tendency towards bipedal locomotion
-flexible generalized limb structure -increase in brain size |
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Characteristics of Primates
-social |
-longer term of infant dependecy
-reduced number of offspring -live in social groups -greater dependence on learned behavior as opposed to instincts |
