Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
141 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What Site represents early stages of village life?
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
What site is the most thoroughly studied?
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
What site is positioned on a low spur of land abutting the flat valley bottom in the Valley of Oaxaca?
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
What site holds the oldest pottery-using village in the valley?
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
What contains only public buildings?
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
What site depended on Maize avocados, wild plants, deer, cottontail, rabbit?
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
What Site had household units that included braziers manos(grinding stones), Metates(ground stone basins) and blackend ceramic jars?
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
What site had bell shaped pits for trash disposal and storage outside the house?
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
What site had clay figurines and animals in association with Rituals and Burials?
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
What does Obsidian suggest about the site at San Jose Mogote?
|
Suggests both trade and ritual were carried on at the level of the family and households and were generally free from heirarchal control
|
|
|
Magnetite is found in San Jose Mogote what it is?
|
Black iron Oxide, if polished can be used as a mirror
|
|
|
At San Jose Mogote what exotic equipment was used for ceremonial activities?
|
Turtle Shell Drums, conch shell trumpets, Stingrays spines for drawing blood.
|
|
|
This site hosts major public buildings erected with adobe bricks and huge blocks of stone on top of mounds?
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
This site hosts a large architectural complex that was built on a natural rise and a flat stone used as a threshold with a body awkwardly sprawled, naked, eyes closed, mouth open, and an open chest wound
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
This Site hosts a slab of a Danzante(Dancer) representing a captive or a prisoner of war
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
This site hosts a woman with 3 jade ornaments which at the time was the largest tomb at the time
|
San Jose Mogote
|
|
|
This site was the earliest construction of impressive ceremonial centers
|
San Lorenzo
|
|
|
San Lorenzo was part of this period
|
Initial Olmex Period
|
|
|
This period was important because it was part of the first inhabitants of Mexico
|
Olmec Period
|
|
|
The site began as a Farming Community with a couple thousand people as the population
|
San Lorenzo
|
|
|
The Elite buildings were made of this type of Material
|
Basalt
|
|
|
Dressed as a head with a helmet for Ball game sports
|
Colossal Heads made of Basalt
|
|
|
The Heads of Basalt came from these mountains and required highly organized Labor pools
|
Tuxtala Mountians
|
|
|
La Venta was part of the time period
|
Intermediate Olmec
|
|
|
This site was very rich in resources including aquatic, 3 sisters crops
|
La Venta
|
|
|
This site was built on top of a salt dome
|
La Venta
|
|
|
This sites was the first to be oriented as a Cosmogram
|
La Venta
|
|
|
This type of village orientation consisted of buildings facing 8 degrees west of north the belief of people in relation to the sky
|
Cosmogram
|
|
|
The MIlky Way 8 degrees west of north on August 13 known as the Day the world was created according to the Mayians
|
Cosmogram
|
|
|
Large pyramids and buildings on top were used as these types of centers
|
Distribution and governmental organization
|
|
|
La venta had a complex north of the pyramid and served for these types of offerings
|
Burial offerings
|
|
|
This site had burial offerings including the Serpentine Mosiac
|
La Venta
|
|
|
green stone that expressed the True of Life and the Underworld
|
Serpentine Mosaic
|
|
|
4 individuals in parade formation surrounded by semi-circle
|
Polished stone celts
|
|
|
This type of building found in La venta had monolithic basalt columns which held 2-3 young individuals and was considered an earthen pyramid
|
A Mortuary tomb
|
|
|
This site hosted stela depicting leaders with regalia, colossal heads, and an altar for depicting rulers
|
La Venta
|
|
|
This site had the largest assemblence of Olmec Sculptures
|
La Venta
|
|
|
This site was a rare opportunity of seeing rituals saved as they were left since they were created where sculptures grouped in Scenarios
|
La Venta
|
|
|
An Enormous Pyramid with Structure 34 made of stucco(Lime Plaster) Sculptures
|
What is the Tigre Complex
|
|
|
The Tigre and Monos Complex can be found at this site
|
What is El Mirador
|
|
|
This site is known as the Lookout and is unusually Large and Spectacular
|
What is El Mirador
|
|
|
This site was dated around 350-750 BC from Radio Carbon Dating in ceramic and architectural clues
|
What is El Mirador
|
|
|
This site is found before the Classic Period
|
What is El Mirador
|
|
|
Lies on a limestone plain dotted with clay depressions called Bajos, filled with water for several months
|
What is El Mirador
|
|
|
These three features dominate the West group at El Mirador
|
What is The Central Acropolis, Tigre complex, and Monos complex
|
|
|
A Massive series of sculpted terraces and platforms and built on This group has natural elevation that was leveled and modified to accomodate the monumental construction, You can also see for 25 miles in all directions from the top
|
What is the East Group or Danta Complex
|
|
|
The food and labor at this site came from surrounding countrysides like the spokes of a wheel
|
What is El Mirador
|
|
|
This site is a Mayan city in the rain forest of Guatemala
|
What is Tikal
|
|
|
Swampy areas are called what
|
Bajos
|
|
|
This site belongs to the Later Classic Period
|
What is Tikal
|
|
|
Made up of the Temple of the Great Jaguar a Central Acropolis and Temple III, this site's core was a great Plaza
|
What is Tikal
|
|
|
This building was Dedicated to Lord Ah Cacau,
Found on Lintels(Wooden beams) and roof combs, and Straight across is another smaller temple possibly for his wife |
The Temple of the Great Jaguar
|
|
|
the greatest palace complex
Spreads over 4 acres Contains a maze of 42 Multistory buildings with elaborate decorations |
What is The Central Acropolis
|
|
|
built as a Funerary monument to Chitam – the last known ruler
used Bas-relief where figures are projected slightly out from the background. |
What is Temple III
|
|
|
Original Mayan Maps make this direction the dominant one
|
What is East
|
|
|
A Stela was placed here with the 4 cardinal directions pointing to 4 separate villages.
|
What is Copan
|
|
|
This site was placed at the North Direction
|
What is Palenque
|
|
|
This site Lies on the Usumacinta River near Chiapas, Mexico
|
What is Palenque
|
|
|
This leader named after the word Shield was Buried in Temple of the Inscriptions
Buried in a Sarciohagus – A stone Coffin with sculptures and inscriptions(famous inscription on tomb) |
Who is Pacal
|
|
|
This Site was the earliest to experience collapse
|
What is Palenque
|
|
|
Pomana received its own emblem glyph achieving independence from this citie
|
What is Palenque
|
|
|
Dispersed and borader structures gave this site a more horizontal flow
It also lacked Corpus of freestanding sculptured monuments making hieroglyphic inscriptions written on stone panels or plaster and incorporated into buildings |
What is Palenque
|
|
|
This site was the most magnificent late maya center in the Yucatan
|
What is Chichen Itza
|
|
|
The power of this city came from major centers in central and Southern Maya Lowlands
|
What is Chichen Itza
|
|
|
Chichen Itza's most widespread architectural style is this
|
What is Puuc
|
|
|
This architectural style is Mosiac of limestone masonry covering a rubble core and was found earliest at Chichen Itza
|
What is Puuc
|
|
|
Sinkhole wells imprortant for dirnking water were called this
|
What is Cenotes
|
|
|
When Toltec and Tula lost power this site grew to its maximum
|
What is Chichen Itza
|
|
|
This site hosts an extensive I-shaped Ball court, the largest in Mesoamerica, relief carvings of prowling Jaguars, Carved Figures, Carved Tzompantlis(Skull racks), and Sculpted Chacmools(Life-sized stone figure in a reclining position
|
What is chichen Itza
|
|
|
Some reaseachers suggest this central mexican Presence at chichen Itza
|
What is Toltec
|
|
|
later construction of Chichan Itza suggests this influence from Veneer masonry, Mosaic facades, the use of Vaults, Buildings are more finely made and larger than Tula ones, and the focus was on huge plaza
|
What is Mayan Influence
|
|
|
Cenotes were still important after the demise of this city where a Stone caseway(Scabe) ran directly to it where when were thrown alive in the well during droughts iwth Copper, gold, and Jade
|
What is Chican Itza
|
|
|
The Capital city of the Aztecs, also known as the Venice of the new World and is buried under Mexico City
|
What is Tenochtitlan
|
|
|
This site was located where it lacked stone and wood, experienced frequent flooding, and abundant in insects
|
What is Tenochtitlan
|
|
|
This site had fish and Chinampa agriculture and became a major source of food production for the Aztecs
|
What is Tenochtitlan
|
|
|
The location of this site was a good place to control trasportation b/c it was completely by foot or canoe and developed into the most powerful city in all of Mesoamerica
|
What is Tenochtitlan
|
|
|
The three sites that are part of the Aztec Triple Alliance
|
What are Tenochtitlan; Texcoco; and Tlacopan.
|
|
|
When this site defeated Tlateloco it added its large market and took over the merchant class, pochteca, where featherworkers, lapidariem and reed-mat makers were encouraged to settle here to make the city important commercially and women enganged in Textile manufacture
|
What is Tenochtitlan
|
|
|
This tradition is known for its Massive Basalt heads, large flat-topped mounds, rectangular carved ston altars, an abundance of greenstone, slanted eyed clay figurines, the Were-Jaguar figure, black and white pottery, and the repeated use of certain stylized designs on ceramic vessels.
|
What is The Olmec
|
|
|
This tradition is commonly found in Valley of Oxaca
|
What is the Olmec
|
|
|
The primary medium for prehispanic mesoamerican art
|
What is carved stone
|
|
|
The first stone with Hieroglyphs are found at this city
|
What is La Venta
|
|
|
This type of carved stone often glorifyed the ancestors and ccomplishments of rulers/elites
|
What is Stelae or upright stone shafts
|
|
|
The oldest writing was found here
|
What is Bartolo, Guatemala
|
|
|
This city did not have a playing court
|
What is Teotihuacan
|
|
|
This signified fertility, death, militarism, and sacrifice, where defeated teams would have to be sacrificed
|
What is Tlachtli ballgame
|
|
|
This tradition is found in the lowlands and are more residential than slash-and-burn.
|
What are the Mayans
|
|
|
The mayans wetland fields consisted of these intensive agricultural items
|
What are Ramon tree, Maize, and cotton which were found with analyzing pollen samples from silt
|
|
|
Epigraphy is the study of this
|
What is Inscriptions
|
|
|
The most important monuement to mayans and Tikal
|
What is the Stela 29
|
|
|
The earliest known inscriptions with the Long count dating where a rough marker for the beginning of the Classic Period occurred
|
What is the stela 29
|
|
|
This type of Glyph stated the place name which was a distinctive sign stating a specific maya city or the ruling lineage associated with the location
|
What is an Emblem Glyph
|
|
|
When other cities did not construct any Stelae this was demonstratede
|
Tikals exapnse in its power
|
|
|
This guy is on Stela 4 which has his face front rather than profile which resembled Teotihuacan nobles
|
Who is Curl Nose
|
|
|
What is prepared bark paper or deer skin
|
The Zapotec's writing system was on this
|
|
|
What is Carved Stone
|
Mayan writing system was on this
|
|
|
What is preserved folding books, stone, pottery, and wall painting
|
Mayans first writing was strictly for this
|
|
|
Epigraphy is the study of this
|
What is Inscriptions
|
|
|
The most important monuement to mayans and Tikal
|
What is the Stela 29
|
|
|
The earliest known inscriptions with the Long count dating where a rough marker for the beginning of the Classic Period occurred
|
What is the stela 29
|
|
|
This type of Glyph stated the place name which was a distinctive sign stating a specific maya city or the ruling lineage associated with the location
|
What is an Emblem Glyph
|
|
|
When other cities did not construct any Stelae this was demonstratede
|
Tikals exapnse in its power
|
|
|
This guy is on Stela 4 which has his face front rather than profile which resembled Teotihuacan nobles
|
Who is Curl Nose
|
|
|
The mixtec and Aztec's writing system was on this
|
What is prepared bark paper or deer skin
|
|
|
The Zapotec's writing system was on this
|
What is Carved Stone
|
|
|
Mayan writing system was on this
|
What is preserved folding books, stone, pottery, and wall painting
|
|
|
Mayans first writing was strictly for this
|
What is to express astronomy and Calendrics
|
|
|
These sites were considered Paleoindian and were mostly hunter-foragers and big game hunters
|
What is Monte Verde and Sanata Isabel istapan
|
|
|
Agricultural villagers, the beginning of social inequality with inherited power and exchange systems are what describe this period
|
What is The Formative Period
|
|
|
San Lorenzo and the scene of the first complex cultural system in Mesoamerica descrie this period
|
What is The Initial Olmec
|
|
|
The creation of sculptures describes this period of time
|
What is the Intermediate Olmec
|
|
|
Rulers of this time period might have controlled best land, served as military leaders and ball game captains, controlled movement of non-ocal materials like Jade, Sponsored craft specialists to make gifts, and acted as subjects linked to the supernatural world
|
What is Olmec Rulers
|
|
|
Temple of the feathered serpent at Teotihuacan, Palenque(mayan), Temple Mayor(Aztec), and Large heads(Olmec) are examples of this type of art expression
|
What is Mesoamerican monumental Architecture
|
|
|
This style of sculputres included the Chalcatzingo monument
|
What is the Cuvilinear style
|
|
|
Stone reworking, and shamnic transformations(Olmec were-jaguar, mayan vision serpent, Lord Pacal's Sarcophagus, palenque are types of this theme
|
What is Mesoamerican Art themes
|
|
|
Infants and children were agents of sacred power because of this
|
What is the mortality of children were high so survivors were treated like kings
|
|
|
This is known as the spiritual substance runs through the world
|
What is animism
|
|
|
Tezcaltipoca is this
|
What is aztec patron of shamans
|
|
|
blood sacrifice, nurturing the supernaturals, Bloodletting tools, aztec heart sacrifce, Lord Shield Jaguar watches his wife Lady Xoc perform Blood sacrifice with her tongue are examples of this
|
Sustenance and human indebtedness
|
|
|
the Aztec empire consisted of these 3 cities
|
What are Tlacopan, Texcoco, Tenochtitlan
|
|
|
Largest Assemblage of Sculptures
|
La Venta
|
|
|
Sculptures grouped into scenarios
|
La Venta
|
|
|
First Complex Culture System
|
San Lorenzo
|
|
|
Olmec Sites
|
La Venta, San Lorenzo
|
|
|
Red Palace
|
San Lorenzo
|
|
|
Colossal Basalt heads
|
San Lorenzo
|
|
|
Cosmogram Site
|
La Venta
|
|
|
8 degrees west of north, large Prymid , large plaza
|
Cosmogram
|
|
|
Serpentine Mosaic
|
La Venta
|
|
|
Offering 4
|
La Venta: Parade scene
|
|
|
temple of the feathered Serpent
|
Teotihuacan
|
|
|
temple Mayor
|
Mexico City, Aztec
|
|
|
Lord Pacals Sarcophagus
|
Palenque
|
|
|
Chalcatzango mounument 9
|
cave Mouth
|
|
|
great temple
|
Tenochitlan
|
|
|
Great temple Dedicated to...
|
Huitzilopochitlin(God of war)
|
|
|
tenochitlan received noble land and tax paying commoners after defeating....
|
Calpulli
|
|
|
Nezahualcoytol
|
Ruler of Texcoco
|
|
|
Triple alliance that gets Causeways from defeating...
|
Talteloco
|
|
|
Axayactl's sister married
|
Ruler of tlatelolco
|
|
|
Tenochitlan got pochetaca merchant class from defeating...
|
Tlateloco
|
