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43 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Anthropology |
The study of humankind in all times and places |
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Holistic perspective |
A fundamental principle of anthropology, that the various parts of human culture and biology must be viewed in the broadest possible context in order to understand their interconnections and interdependence |
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Ethnocentrism |
The belief that the way of one's own culture are the proper ones |
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Culture - bound |
Theories about the world and reality based on the assumptions and values of one's own culture |
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Applied anthropology |
The use of anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems, often for a specific client |
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Medical anthropology |
A specialization in anthropology that brings theoretical and applied approaches from cultural and biological anthropology to the study of human health and disease |
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Physical anthropology |
Also known as biological anthropology the systematic study of humans in biological organisms |
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Molecular anthropology |
A branch of biological Anthropologie that uses genetic and biochemical techniques to test hypotheses about human evolution, adaptation, and variation |
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Paleoanthropology |
The study of the car origins and predecessors of the present human species |
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Biocultural |
Focusing on the interaction of biology and culture |
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Primatology |
The study of living and fossil primates |
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Forensic anthropology |
The field of applied physical anthropology that specializes in the identification of human skeletal remains for legal purposes |
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Cultural anthropology |
Also known as social or socio cultural anthropology the study of customary patterns in human behavior, thought, and feeling it focuses on humans as culture producing and culture reproducing creatures |
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Culture |
A society's shared and socially transmitted ideas, values, and perceptions, which are used to make sense of experiences and generate behavior and are reflected in the behavior |
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Ethnography |
A detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on fieldwork |
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Fieldwork |
The term anthropologist used for on location research |
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Participant observation |
In ethnography, the technique of learning a people's culture through social participation and personal observation within the community being studied as well as interviews and discussions with individual members of the group of an extended period of time |
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Ethnology |
The study and analysis of different cultures from a comparative and historical point of view utilizing ethnographic accounts and developing anthropological theories that help explain why certain important differences and similarities the occur among groups |
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Linguistic anthropology |
The study of human languages |
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Discourse |
An extended communication on a particular subject |
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Archaeology |
The study of human cultures through the recovery and analysis of material remains in environmental data |
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Bioarchaeology |
The archaeological study of human remains, emphasizing the preservation of cultural and social processes in skeleton |
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Cultural resource management |
A branch of archaeology concern with survey and / or excavation of archaeological and historical remains threatened by construction or development and policy surrounding protection of cultural resources |
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Empirical |
Based on observations of the world rather than on intuition are faith |
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Hypothesis |
A tentative explanation of the relationship between certain phenomena |
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Theory |
In science, an explanation of natural phenomena, supported by a reliable body of data |
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Doctrine |
In assertion of opinion or belief formally handed down by an authority as true and indisputable |
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Artifact |
Any object fashioned or altered by humans |
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Material culture |
The durable aspects of culture such as tools, structures, and the art |
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Fossil |
The preserved remains of plants and animals that lived in the past |
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Soil marks |
Things that show up on the surface of recently plowed fields that reveal an archaeological site |
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Middens |
A refuse or garbage disposal area in an archaeological site |
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Grid system |
A system for recording data in three dimensions from an archaeological excavation |
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Datum point |
The starting, or reference, point for a grid system |
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Relative dating |
In archaeology and paleoanthropology,designing an event, object, or fossil as being older or younger than another |
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Absolute or chronometric dating |
In archaeology and paleoanthropology , dates for archaeological for fossils materials based on solar years, centuries, or other units of absolute time |
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Key consultants |
Members of the society being studied to provide information that helps the researches understand the meaning of what they observe. Early anthropologist refer to such individuals as informants |
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Informal interview |
An unstructured, open ended conversation in everyday life |
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Formal interview |
A structured question answer session, carefully notated as it occurs and based on prepared questions |
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Eliciting devices |
Activities in object used to draw out individuals and encourage them to recall and share information |
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Human relations area files href |
The best collection of crossed indexed ethnographic, biocultural, and archaeological data catalogued by cultural characteristics and geographical location. Archives and about 300 libraries. On microfiche or online |
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Informed consent |
Finally recorded agreement to participate in the research. Federally mandated for all researchers in the United States and Europe |
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Globalization |
Worldwide interconnectedness evidenced in global movement of natural resources, trade goods, human labor, finance capital, information, and infectious diseases |
