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80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
band |
uncentralized power system; often sedentary; elders?? |
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tribe |
uncentralized power system; diverse |
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nation |
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chiefdom |
centralized power system; anacronistic (Hawai'i) power is ascribed - birth, inheritance, blood, royalty; "kingdom" |
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state |
centralized global power system; democracy, autocracy, totalitarian, socialist |
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achieved power |
!Kung; headmen and Big Men |
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headman** |
achieved power |
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Big Man |
achieved power; no authority, can only persuade, gives great speeches; prepares pigs and gifts for other tribe |
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ascribed power |
born into it |
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Ongka |
Kawelka Big Man; generous, persuasive, persistent, communication skills, many wives/allies; cool head |
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moka |
only by giving can you gain wealth and power for the village (cassowary bird); takes time |
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redistribution |
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caste |
system of Hinduism; stratified, don't change status until after death; reincarnation you can move up |
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stratification |
Hawaiian chiefdom, Hinduism, greek mythology; class levels |
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levels of violence** |
Yanomamo have club fights (intravillage); read about side-slapping - ch. 5 lays out the levels; Yanomamo never want to get in a lethal dispute within their own village (intervillage warfare) |
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religion |
belief in the supernatural; nowadays, secularism has led to a stronger belief in science (fact vs belief --> science can't disprove faith) |
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monotheism |
belief in only one god (most of the globe, came second); concentrates the sacred |
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animism |
belief that the supernatural world is animated/inhabited by spirits (sacred and profane are interwoven); egalitarian; need an access; ancestor worship; natural and human spirits with an overall god; n/um - soul/spiritual essence |
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mana |
power of power; impersonal supernatural essence |
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sacred |
supernatural, god |
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profane |
human, natural
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shaman |
healer |
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magical death |
Yanomamo access spirits through hallucinogenic drugs; emic - ebene used to access hekura; attract spirits with body paint and dancing |
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rite of intensification |
ritual that marks a crisis or celebration in the life of a group -land dive: celebrate harvest -bachelor/bachelorette party: celebrate engagement -wedding reception: celebrate marriage |
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rite of passage |
ritual that marks a change of status in an individual (3 stages) -Nuer Gar: boys to men -Masai circumcision: boys to warriors -Bar/bat mitzvah: child to adult |
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ritual |
"religion in action"; repeated behavior that has cultural meaning; everyone participates (habit is not a ritual); rite of passage and intensification |
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separation |
stage: removed from rest of the culture |
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Van Gennup |
developed stages of rite of passage and noticed the similarities and patterns |
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reincorporation |
publicly, fanfare; reincorporation of individuals with new status |
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liminal |
in-between stage; not who you once were, but not yet who you will be (Gar initiate?) |
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gar |
Nuer rite of passage; boys become men |
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bar mitzvah |
Jewish rite of passage; boys become men |
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Christianity |
2nd monotheistic religion |
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Judaism |
1st monotheistic religion
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circumcision |
boys away from mothers for 2 months; rite of passage
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wedding |
rite of passage (in church/service)
rite of intensification (reception) |
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hekura |
spirits; functions - leadership (shaman career), alliances, heal and kill (victims often children) |
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Islam |
3rd monotheistic religion |
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Yanomamo |
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ebene |
Yanomamo access to the spirit world; hallucinogenic drug; needs multiple people |
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priest |
leads the christian faith; full-time religious specialist |
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art |
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myth |
stories about the sacred
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legend |
stories about the profane; plausible, plot/narrative network, lesson/moral
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innovation |
change from within; voluntary; ie poison arrows, tracking |
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acculturation |
change from without; forced (not enculturation); ie Millie meal, tourism, government
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diffusion |
change from without; voluntary; ie popcorn, agriculture
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syncretism |
response to acculturation (forced change); blending |
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tuberculosis |
N!ai; when !Kung became settled they became exposed; result of sedentarism |
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South African Army |
!Kung acculturation; men "forced" to enter army |
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sedentary |
!Kung acculturation
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SWAPO |
guerrilla forces |
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guns |
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money** |
may be attractive individually; in a system that can be forced on people (!Kung); what kind of culture change? how much is a rand? what is yanomamo $$? Brazil is cutting down rainforests of Yanomamoland which has monetary value; link to political power? |
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tradition |
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prostitution |
!Kung; N!ai's daughter accused of being a prostitute; probably did happen with the tourism |
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Rand |
diffusion in !Kung society; being paid as actors |
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labor |
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horse |
diffusion in !Kung society |
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assimilation |
to bring into conformity with the customs, attitudes, etc., of a group,nation, or the like |
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immigration |
permanently moving to another country |
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status |
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revitalization movement |
generations after look at the distant path as a way to resist; hold onto ideas that were changed |
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globalization |
tendency of businesses, technologies, or philosophies to spread throughout the world; less jobs within the country |
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colonialism |
policy or practice of acquiring full or partial political control over another country, occupying it with settlers, and exploiting it economically |
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maquladora |
factory/sweatshop; people work for wages at low cost; global picture of our economy |
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public character |
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Hakim |
book seller in the sidewalk community; 1 |
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Ron |
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lay **** out |
on blanket, not legal, need permit; used stuff (scavenged); 3
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Joe Garbage |
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unhoused |
emic term for homeless |
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Christmas |
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vendors |
magazine vendors; 2
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patriarchy |
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women |
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The Romps |
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Mitch |
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police |
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broken windows |
people who live non-traditional lives |