Anthro Exam 2

Front 1

Adaptation

Back 1

Gene changes that allows an animal to survive

Front 2

Acclimatization

Back 2

Psychological changes made when taken to a new environment

Front 3

Bergmann's rule

Back 3

Rule with small sized animals inhabit warmer places and larger animals inhabit colder places

Front 4

Allen's rule

Back 4

The rule that portruding body parts like legs and arms are shorter in cooler areas than warmer

Front 5

Gloger's rule

Back 5

The rule that mammals in warm humid climates have more malanin fordarker skin the mammals in cooler areas

Front 6

Hypoxia

Back 6

Oxygen deficiency

Front 7

Sickle cell anemia

Back 7

Red blood cells turn sickle like from lack of oxygen

Front 8

Race

Back 8

A population or species which differs in gene frequencies, from other varietys in the species

Front 9

Racism

Back 9

The belief without evidence that some races are inferior to another

Front 10

Homo-heidelbergensis

Back 10

A transition species from homo-erectus to homo sapien

Front 11

Homo-neandertalensis

Back 11

The technical name for neanderthals

Front 12

Neandertal

Back 12

Common name for neandertalensis

Front 13

Middle paleolithic era

Back 13

The time period of mousterian tools and somtimes called the middle stone age

Front 14

Mousterian tool assemblage

Back 14

Small proportian of large core tools, like hand axes & cleavers, and scrappers

Front 15

Levalloisian method

Back 15

This method allowed neandertals to devolop predertermined sized tools with a stricking platform

Front 16

Post acheulian period in africa

Back 16

Rock shelters where homo sapiens lived

Front 17

Homesites

Back 17

Most early humans like neandertals lived in caves or rock shelters

Front 18

Cro-magnons

Back 18

Humans who lived about 35000 years ago in europe

Front 19

Denisovans

Back 19

Lived alongside neandertals

Front 20

Single origin theory

Back 20

Theory that suggest neandertals and denisovans didn't evolve into modern humans, but rather went extinct

Front 21

Multiregional theory

Back 21

Homo erectus populations in various parts gradually evolved into anatomically modern looking humans

Front 22

Assimilation theory

Back 22

Widely supported theory, of how interbreeding between early humans made modern humans

Front 23

Later stone age

Back 23

Humans entered the new world before 12000 yrs ago

Front 24

Upper paleolithic

Back 24

Had the last ice age

Front 25

Pleistocene megafauna

Back 25

Name for large game animals during the ice age which are bigger than their modern descendants

Front 26

Indirect percussion

Back 26

A toolmaking technique that involved stricking hard materials with a hammer

Front 27

Blade

Back 27

A thin flake whose length is twice its width

Front 28

Burin

Back 28

A chisel like stone used for carving

Front 29

Pressure flaking

Back 29

Small flakes are struck off by pressuring against a bone

Front 30

Microlith

Back 30

A razorlike blade attached to a wooden or bone handle

Front 31

Ethnographic analogy

Back 31

Method of co-oparative cultural study that compares the past and current societies

Front 32

Atlatl

Back 32

A spear propelled off a board

Front 33

Epipaleolithic

Back 33

Time period where food production first developed

Front 34

Mesolithic

Back 34

Humans started settling semi permanently

Front 35

Archaic

Back 35

The time period where food production developed

Front 36

Food production

Back 36

Tech that made settling easier with dependence on cultivation

Front 37

Sedentarian

Back 37

Settled life

Front 38

Agriculture

Back 38

The raising of domesticated crops

Front 39

Domestication

Back 39

Modifications of animals for the use of humans

Front 40

Rachis

Back 40

Where the seeds are in a plant

Front 41

Obsidian

Back 41

A valconic rock.used for sharp edges

Front 42

Civilization

Back 42

Urban society

Front 43

State

Back 43

A political unit centralized decision making iver many communities

Front 44

egalitarian

Back 44

People did not differ in wealth or prestige in neolithic societies

Front 45

Cuneiform

Back 45

Wedge shaped writing invented by sumerians

Front 46

Hieroglyphics

Back 46

Picture writing in egypt

Front 47

Theories of origin of the state

Back 47

Irrigation, competition, organization

Front 48

Consequences of state

Back 48

Populations grow in one area, removal from agriculture, military power

Front 49

Collapse of state

Back 49

Environment, behavior/disease, dipleation of resources, exploitation

Front 50

Culture

Back 50

Set of learned behaviors or ideas

Front 51

Society

Back 51

A group of people who occupy a territory

Front 52

Subculture

Back 52

Shared customs within a society

Front 53

Norms

Back 53

Accepted behavior

Front 54

Ethnocentric

Back 54

Judgement of others culture based on your own

Front 55

Ethnocentrism

Back 55

The atitude of other societies towards the difference of other cultures

Front 56

Cultural relativism

Back 56

The idea that a societys customs, should be viewed on their problems

Front 57

Maladaptive customs

Back 57

Cultural traits that diminish chances of survival or reproduction in an environment

Front 58

Adaptive customs

Back 58

The opposite of maladaptive

Front 59

Diffusion

Back 59

Cultural elements borrowed from another society

Front 60

Acculteration

Back 60

Extensive barrowing aspects of another culture

Front 61

Revolution

Back 61

A violent replacement of a ruler

Front 62

Globalization

Back 62

The spread of goods etc around the world

Front 63

Ethnogenisis

Back 63

Creation of a culture