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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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personality
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distinctive way individual thinks feels and behaves
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psychological anthropologists
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diff btw and within societies
aspects of personality common in population |
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cross-cultural psychologists
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study people in two or more societies
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4 main questions
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to what extent do all human beings develop psychologically in the same ways?
if there are differences what are they and what may account for them? how do people in different societies concieve of personality and psychological development? what kinds of cultural variation might be explained by psychological factors |
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pidgets theory(stages)
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sensorimotor(birth-2 yrs)
preoperational(2-6 yrs) concrete-operational(7-11 yrs) formal-operational(12+) |
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conservation
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• Understand properties of an object (quantity, weight and volume) remain the same when divided into smaller sections or moved to different container
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reversability
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• Being able to visualize the divided pieces as one(pizza)
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Abram Kardiner
Primary institutions Secondary institutions |
• family organization, subsistence- create personality
• art, religion- shaped by this personality |
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yanomamo
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aggressive
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semai
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timid/dont display anger
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agression
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has to be qualified/time and frequency
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universals
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culture
language incest taboos marriage religion |
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margaret mead
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Studied adolescent girls in Samoa 1920s
No stress with puberty as in United States No emotional upheaval and rebelliousness questionable if development same in all societies critics-Freeman |
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Malinowski
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Trobriand Islands
Freud’s “Oedipus complex” not valid Matrilineal societies •uncle (mother’s brother) authority Boys hostile to uncle |
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Child-Rearing Explanations
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socialization and encuturation are the same=
learn thru observation how much are they held? where do they sleep? punishments/rewards? response to crying or misbehavior? cramped quarters increases aggression |
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Hunter and gatherers
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Stress self-reliance
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Agriculturalists
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Stress cooperation
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Perception
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Peoples perceptions selected for adaptations?
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Field independence
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•isolated part of situation from whole
•hunters - find animals, raised to be self-reliant |
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Field dependence
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•focus on the whole
•agricultural and herders compliant |
