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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Domestic-Public Dichotomy
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Contrast between women's role in the home and men's role in public life, with a corresponding social devaluation of women's work and worth
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Extradomestic
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Outside the home; within or pertaining to the public domain
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Gender Roles
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The tasks and activities that a culture assigns to each sex.
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Gender Stereotypes
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Oversimplified but strongly held ideas about the characteristics of males and females.
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Gender Stratification
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Unequal distribution of rewards (socially valued resources, power, prestige, and personal freedom) between men and women
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Patriarchy
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Political system ruled by men in which women have inferior social and political status, including basic human rights. Associated with dowry murders, female infanticide, and clitorodectomy.
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Patrilineal-Patrilocal Complex
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An interrelated constellation of patrilineality, patrilocality, warfare, and male supremacy. Sharp domestic-public dichotomy and men tend to dominate prestige hierarchy. Spread widely due to pressure on resources.
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Sexual Dimorphism
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Marked differences in male and female biology, besides the constrasts in breasts and genitals. Sex differences are biological while gender refers to cultural construction.
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Sexual Orientation
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A person's habitual sexual attraction to, and activities with: persons of the opposite sex (heterosexuality), the same sex (homosexuality), both sexes (bisexuality), or indifference or lack of attraction to either sex (asexual)
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Cultural Universal
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All societies have a gender-based division of labour
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Gender Among Foragers
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Gender Stratification
- Increases when men contribute much more to diet than women - Reduces when gathering is prominent, generally a female activity - More equal when domestic and public spheres are not sharply separated |
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Gender Among Horticulturalists
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- Women generally main producers in horticultural societies
- Matrilineal-matrilocal systems occur when population pressure is minimal - Patrilineality and patrilocality keep male relatives together |
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Example of a Matriarchy
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Minangkabau
- Most common among horticulturalists - Don't exist as mirror images of patriarches |
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Gender Among Agriculturalists
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- Women typically are not the primary cultivators in agricultural economies
Women's domestic role vs. men's extradomestic activities - Increased importance of nuclear family Example = Batsileo of Madagascar |
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Feminization of poverty in North America and elsewhere
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Caused by
- single-parenthood - male migration - civil strife - notion that children are women's responsibility |
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Burqa
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Enveloping garment worn over head and body (and clothing)
Part of purdah (curtain) Hijab = veil |
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Why wear a purdah?
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- religious beliefs
- morality and proper female behaviour - honour/respectability - modesty - privacy - protection - social status - ethnic identity |
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Burrnesha
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Albanian sworn virgins
- Dress and act like men - Do men's things - No Sex - Usually done to head family in absence of man |
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Etoro
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- Same-sex sexual activity considered normal and acceptable
- Extreme tension surrounding male-female sexual relations - Semen = life force - Men have limited supply and sex depletes it - Hetero sexual intercourse = reproduction & slow death |
