Anthro 1

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Holistic Perspective

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Fundamental principle of anthro: that the various parts of human culture and bioogy must be viewed in the broadest possible context in order to understand their interconnections and interdependence.

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Culture-bound

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Theories about the world and reality based on the assumptions and values of one's own culture.

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Applied Anthropology

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The use of anthropological knowledge and methods to solve practical problems, often for a specific client.

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Physical Anthropology

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Also known as biological anthro. The systematic study of humans as biological organisms.

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Molecular Anthropology

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A branch of biological anthro that uses genetic and biochemical techniques to test hypotheses about human evolution, adaptation, and variation.

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Paleoanthropology

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The study of the origins and predecessors of the present human species.

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Biocultural

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Focusing on interaction of biology and culture.

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Developmental Adaptations

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Responsible for some features of human variation; ex: enlargement of right ventricle of heart

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Physiological Adaptations

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Short-term changes in response to a particular environmental stimulus.

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Forensic Anthropology

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Applied subfield of physical anthropology that specializes in the identification of the human skeletal remains for legal purposes; false to say those from given population have particular type of skeleton

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Primatology

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The study of living and fossil primates; Offers scientifically grounded perspectives on behavior of our ancestors, as well as greater appreciation and respect for abilities of our closest living relatives.

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Cultural Anthropology

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also social/sociocultural anthro. The study of customary patterns in human behavior, thought, and feelings. Focuses on humans as culture-producing and culture-reproducing creatures; These standards are socially learned rather than acquired through biological inheritance.

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Culture

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A society's shared and socially transmitted ideas, values, and perceptions, which are used to make sense of experience and which generate behavior and are reflected in that behavior.

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Ethnography

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A detailed description of a particular culture primarily based on FEILDWORK.

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Fieldwork

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The term anthropologists use for on-location research.

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Participant Observation

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In ethnography; Technique of learning a people's culture through social participation and personal observation within the community being studied; As well as interviews and discussion with individual members of group, over extended period of time.

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Ethnology

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The study and analysis of diff cultures from a comparative or historical POV, utilizing ethnographic accounts and developing anthropological theories that help explain why certain important differences and similarities occur among groups.

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Archeology

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The study of human cultures through the recovery and analysis of material remains and environmental data.

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Cultural Resource Management

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A branch of archeology tied to government policies for the protection of cultural resources and involving surveying and/or excavating archaeological/historical remains threatened by construction/development.

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Linguistic Anthropology

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The study of human languages, looking at their structure, history, and/or relation to social and cultural contexts.

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Empirical

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Based on observations of the world rather than on intuition or faith; Anthropology is an empirical social science.

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Imagination

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In respect to science, though capable of leading us astray, it is required to help us recognize unexpected ways phenomena might be ordered and to think of old things in new ways.

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Skepticism

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In respect to science, it allows us to distinguish fact (an observation verified by others) from fancy, to test our speculations, and to prevent our imaginations from running away with us.

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Hypothesis

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A tentative explanation of the relation b/w certain phenomena.

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Theory

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In science, an explanation of natural phenomena, supported by a reliable body of data.

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Globalization

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Worldwide interconnectedness, evidenced in global movements of natural resources, trade goods, human labor, financial capital, information, and infectious diseases; Can rapidly transform cultures

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Questions of Ethics!

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3 obligations: to those whom they study (privacy, not endangering the culture), those who fund the research, and those in the profession who expect published findings so they can be used to further cultivate our knowledge. Knowledge is power, for good or bad intent.