Anth 111 : Chapter 8, Part 2 -Modern Humans: Origins, Migrations, And Transitions

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Anatomically modern humans (AMH) or modern humans or Homo sapiens

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The species to whih modern humans belong and which differs biologically and culturally from archaic Homo species

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Multiregional Model

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The view that archaic Homo was transformed into modern humans in several regions of the Old World--Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and various parts of Asia.

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Recent African Replacement Model

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The view that modern humans first emerged recently in Africa and then migrated into the Old and New Worlds with little or no interaction with local populations of archaic Homo.

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Diffusion Wave Model

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The view that modern humans evolved recently in Africa and then spread across the Old and New Worlds, interacting and interbreeding to some extent with local populations of archaic Homo.

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blade

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An elongated, parallel-sided flake made from stone such as flint or obsidian, associated with modern humans.

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Projectile point

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Stone tool intended to be attached to a spear or arrow.

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Composite tool

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A tool made by combining two or more separate components into a single tool.

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Exchange

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The transfer of goods or services between two or more people.

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Egalitarian

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Characterized by an even distribution of material goods, staus, and quality of lie.

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Later Stone Age (LSA)

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The time period in Africa defined by microlithic stone and bone technology, extending from about 45,000 to 10,000 years ago.

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Microlith

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A small stone tool made from a blade, usually geometric in shape with retouched edges.

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Upper Paleolithic (UP)

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The time period in the Old World (other than Africa) from about 45,000 years to 12,000 years ago defined by microlithic tools.

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Broad-spectrum diet

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Food consumption pattern in which a wide range of food items is consumed; this pattern began in the Upper Paleolithic and became prominent in the Mesolithic.

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Cro-Magnon

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An informal name for the earliest modern humans in Europe.

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Aurignacian period

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Cultural phase in the European Upper Paleolithic beginning around 40,000 years ago.

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Gravettian period

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Cultural phase of the Europena Upper Paleolithic beginning around 28,000 years ago.

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Solutrean period

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Cultural phase of the European Upper Paleolithic beginning around 21,000 years ago.

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Magdalenian period

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Cultural phase of the Euorpean Upper Paleolithic beginning around 18,000 ago.

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Portable art

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Small, moveable objects that are engraved or sculpted.

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Art

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The application of imagination, skill, and style to matter, movement, and/or sound in a manner that goes beyond the purely utilitarian.

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Cave art

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Paintings or engravings on cave walls.

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Clovis

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Widespread North American prehistoric culture associated with a stone tool called the Clovis point.

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Food production

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The human management of plants and animals to increase their availability as food sources.

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Mesolithic

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The time period starting around 12,000 years ago and characterized by microlithic stone and bone tools, broad-spectrum diets, food management and food processing, and semi-sedentism.

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Monumental art

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Large-scale, permanent art work.