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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Platysma |
- Origin: Inferior border of the mandible and subcutaneum
- Insertion: Fascia over the pec major and deltoid - Action: Controls grimace expression; tightens the skin of the neck - Innervation: Facial nerve |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Trapezius |
- Origin: Occipital bone, nuchal ligament, C7-T12
- Insertion: Lateral one third of the clavicle; acromion and spine of the scapula - Action: Rotates, elevates, adducts, and depresses the scapula - Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve (XI) |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Sternocleidomastoid |
- Origin: Clavicle and manubrium
- Insertion: Mastoid process of the temporal bone - Action: Individually, sidebend toward and rotate away, together they draw head forward - Innervation: CN X1 |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Omohyoid |
- Origin: Superior border of the scapula medial to the scapular notch
- Insertion: Inferior border of the body of the hyoid - Action: Depresses the hyoid - Innervation: Ansa Cervicalis |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Anterior scalene |
- Origin: Transverse process of C3-C6
- Insertion: Rib 1 - Action: Elevate the ribs; laterally flex the neck, bilaterally stabilize the neck - Innervation: Anterior rami nerves C4-C7 |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Middle Scalene |
- Origin: Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C4-C6
- Insertion: Rib 1 - Action: Elevate the ribs; laterally flex the neck, bilaterally stabilize the neck - Innervation: Anterior rami nerves C3-C7 |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Posterior Scalene |
- Origin: Posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of C4-C6
- Insertion: Rib 2 - Action: Elevate the ribs; laterally flex the neck, bilaterally stabilize the neck - Innervation: Anterior rami nerves C5-C7 |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Levator Scapulae |
- Origin: Transverse process of C1-C4
- Insertion: Superior angle of the scapula - Action: Elevates the scapula - Innervation: Dorsal Scapula Nerve |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Splenius Capitis |
- Origin: Lower half of the nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7-T4
- Insertion: Mastoid process, skull below the lateral 1/3 of the superior nuchal line - Action: Individually, they sidebend toward and rotate toward, together they draw head back - Innervation: Posterior rami of the middle cervical nn |
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What are the 4 areas of deep cervical fascia?
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Investing fascia: Envelops the SCM & trapezius
Pretracheal fascia: Covers anterior aspect of neck (thyroid, trachea, esophagus) Prevertebral fascia: Covers the prevertebral muscles & is continuous with fascia covering floor of posterior triangle Carotid sheath: Contains common carotid, internal jugular, vagus nerve, and part of the ansa cervicalis |
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How is the retropharyngeal space defined?
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Potential space between the pretracheal fascia and prevertbral fascia
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What are the boundaries of the posterior triangle?
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Anterior: SCM
Posterior: Trapezius Inferior: Middle 1/3 of clavicle Roof: Investing fascia (covers scm & trap) Floor: Deep cervical fascia |
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What vein is found in the posterior triangle?
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External jugular vein
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What arteries are found in the posterior triangle?
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- 3rd part of the subclavian
- Transverse cervical runs superficially and laterally across the posterior triangle to supply scapular region muscles - Suprascapula artery: Branches from thyrocervical trunk passes across the inferior part of the posterior triangle but may also arise from the 3rd part of the subclavian artery - Occipital artery: Branch from the external carotid |
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What nerves are found in the posterior triangle?
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- CN XI: From lower half of posterior triangle. Enters near posterior border of SCM. Passes posteroinferiorly through the posterior triangle
- Cervical plexus: Deep to internal jugular vein - Phrenic nerve |
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What muscles are in the posterior triangle?
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Omohyoid. The omohyoid divides the posterior triangle into 2 smaller triangles: The occipital triangle (through which the occipital artery passes) and the supraclavicular triangle (subclavian artery lies deep to this)
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What muscle is found at the apex of the posterior triangle?
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Splenius capitis
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Where is the levator scapulae found in relation to the splenius capitis? What is found along its surface?
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Inferior and parallel to the splenius capitis. The spinal accessory nerve is usually found on the surface of the levator scapulae
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What are the borders of the interscalene triangle and what is found here?
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Borders: Anterior scalene, middle scalene, first rib
Brachial plexus and subclavian artery travel through here |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Mylohoid |
Origin: Mandible
Insertion: Hyoid bone Action: Supports and elevates the floor of the mouth; elevates hyoid Innervation: Mylohoid nerve |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Geniohyoid |
Origin: Mandible
Insertion: Hyoid Action: Opens mandible Innervation: C1 |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Stylohyoid |
Origin: Styloid process of temporal bone
Insertion: Hyoid Action: Elevates hyoid Innervation: Facial N. |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Digastric |
Origin: Anterior belly: Mandible; Posterior belly: mastoid process of temporal bone
Insertion: Tendon between 2 bellies then hyoid Action: Opens mouth by lowering mandible Innervation: Anterior belly: mylohoid n. Posterior belly: facial n. |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Sternohyoid |
Origin: Manubrium
Insertion: Hyoid Action: Depresses hyoid Innervation: Ansa Cervicalis |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Omohyoid |
Origin: Superior scapula medial to scapular notch
Insertion: Hyoid Action: Depresses and stabilizes hyoid Innervation: Ansa Cervicalis |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Sternothyroid |
Origin: Manubrium
Insertion: Thyroid cartilage Action: Depresses hyoid & larynx Innervation: Ansa Cervicalis |
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What is the origin, insertion, action, and innervation for the following muscle?
Thyrohyoid |
Origin: Thyroid cartilage
Insertion: Greater horn of the hyoid bone Action: Depresses hyoid & elevates thyroid cartilage Innervation: Anterior ramus of C1 |
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What are the borders of the anterior triangle?
What are the 4 smaller sub-triangles? |
Midline of the neck
Mandible SCM Smaller triangles: Carotid, Muscular, Submental, Submandibular |
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What are the boundaries of the carotid triangle?
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Superior belly of omohyoid, posterior belly of digastric, anterior border of SCM
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The superior belly of the omohyoid muscle runs transversely at what cervical levels?
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C6-C7
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If exposure above C4 is necessary, what artery and vein will need to be ligated?
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Superior thyroid and vein
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When exposing very proximal segments of cervical spine, what arteries amy need to be ligated?
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Lingual artery and facial nerve
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What are the branches of the external carotid?
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SALFOPSM
Superior thyroid Ascending pharyngeal Lingual Facial Occipital Posterior auricular Superficial temporal Maxillary |
