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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Borders of Anterior abdominal wall |
From: Costal Arch coming from ribs 6-10 and xiphoid process To: iliac crest and inguinal ligament (stretching from anterior superior iliac spine to pubic tubercle) |
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Abd wall superficial palpations |
linea alba, linea semilunaris, anterior superior iliac spine, pubic tubercle |
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Functions of abd wall |
- protection.stabilization - trunk rotation and flexion (posture) - maintain/control intra-abd pressure for parturition and defecation (PUUUUSH!) - Respiration - opposes diaphragm in exhalation |
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9 quadrants |
R. Hypochondriac M. Epigastric L. Hypochondriac
R. Lumbar M. Umbilical L. Lumbar R. Iliac M. Hypogastric L. Iliac |
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Layers |
- Skin - dermis and epidermis - Subcutaneous Fascia: Camper’s fascia (superficial fascia) and Scarpa’s fascia (deep fascia) - muscle layers w/aponeurotic tendinous fascia - Transversalis fascia - Peritoneum |
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Camper's Fascia |
adipose layer, superficial, contains cutaneous nerves and BVs |
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Scarpa's Fascia |
membranous facial layer, deep to Camper's |
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clinical importance to potential space |
potential space is between Scarpa's and external oblique in trauma, can get an extravasation: urine (from bladder) spills into potential space between layers in abd, scrotum, and penis Symptoms: bloating in abd, trouble urinating |
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external oblique |
hands in pockets O: ribs 5-12 I: linea alba, pubic tuberable and iliac crest tense abd |
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internal oblique |
hands in gloves O: thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inguinal ligament I: ribs 10-12, linea alba and pecten pubis |
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rectus abdominus |
6 pack muscles O: pubic symphysis and pubic crest I: xyphoid process and costal cartilage aponeurosis between them to make muscles shorter and more powerful |
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transversus abdominus |
natural corset/girdle, pulls all tissues in towards midline, deepest O: ribs 7-12, thoracolumbar fascia and iliac crest I: linea alba, pubic crest, pecten pubis |
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Which muscles originate on the iliac crest |
internal oblique and transversus abdominus |
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Which muscles insert on the linea alba? |
external oblique, internal oblique and transversus abdominus |
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arcuate line |
fascia forms arch above it - rectus abdominus (medially) external, internal oblique and transverse abdominus (3 aponeuroses) below it - we lose one layer of fascia, rectus abdominus is directly over trasversalis fascia, less between rectus a and organs bc transversus abdominus send aponeurosis above rectus abdominus |
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Layers of abdominal wall |
Layers of Abdominal Wall
Epidermis: Skin Camper's fascia Scarpa's fascia External oblique Internal oblique Rectus abdominus* (same level as internal oblique) Transversus abdominis Transversalis fascia Parietal peritoneum |
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embryological remnants including umbilical folds |
falciform ligament round ligament/lig teres = old umbillical vein umbilical folds median - urachus and paraumbilical veins, old pee sac medial - umbilical artery lateral - inferior epigastrics |
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innervation of abdominal muscles |
T6-T11 and subcostal T12 ventral rami run thru intercostal groove considered thoracoabdominal nerves as cross costal cartilage lateral and anterior cutaneous branches |
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Superficial Superior Blood Vessels |
From internal thoracic: superior epigastric a & v musculophrenic a & v intercostal/subcostal and lumbar a & v |
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Superficial Inferior Blood Vessels |
From External Iliac and Femoral: Inferior epigastric a & v superficial epigastric a & v superficial circumflex a & v |
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Anastomoses between: |
superior and inferior epigastrics musculophrenic and ascending branch deep circumflex superficial circumflex iliac and deep circumfelx iliac |
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Lymph Drainage |
Transumbilical place at belly button - distinguishes flow infection below belly button goes to inguinal nodes infection above belly button goes to axillary nodes |
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consequences of corset wear |
weak abd muscles decreased lung volume constipation reduced appetite prolapsed uterus NOT: liver splitting |
