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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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growth
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increase in body weight until maturity is reached. increase in animal tissue- muscle, bone, and connective tissue
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true growth
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growth that involves an increase in structural tissue (excludes fat)
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development
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directed coordination of all diverse processes until maturity is reached. involves growth, cellular differentiation, and changes in body shape. controlled by genetic make-up of animal
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maturity
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state of being fully-grown or developed. in animal production, we refer to sexual and compositional maturity
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hyperplasia
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increase in # of cells
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hypertrophy
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increase in cell size
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efficiency in production is defines as what?
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units of input per unit of output
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feed conversion value for cattle
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7:1
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feed conversion value for sheep
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4-6:1
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feed conversion value for swine
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3.5:1
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feed conversion value for broilers
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2:1
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feed conversion value for fish
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1.1:1
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what does a growth curve look like?
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slow gain at birth, fast gain at puberty, and slow gain after that
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what happens during the first 2/3 of a fetus' growth?
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most increase is in muscle weight. hyperplasia- increase in fiber number
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what happens during the last 1/3 of a fetus' growth?
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hypertrophy- increase fiber size. largest increase in fetal weight
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4 areas of fat deposit in order in which fat is deposited
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1- perinephric (inside the body). 2- intermuscular (seam fat). 3- subcutaneous (under skin). 4- intramuscular (marbling)
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what fat deposits make the carcass worth more?
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intramuscular (marbling)
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selection for growth can influence other traits as well. for example, selection for increased yearling weight will generally lead to ____________
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increased birth weight
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leanest cattle
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bulls
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leanest sheep
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rams
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leanest pigs
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boars
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intermediate (lean vs. fat) cattle
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steers
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intermediate (lean vs. fat) sheep
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wethers
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intermediate (lean vs. fat) pigs
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gilts
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fattest cattle
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heifers
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fattest sheep
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ewes
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fattest pigs
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barrows
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where does bst come from?
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anterior pituitary
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where does progesterone come from?
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corpus luteum
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effects of bst
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increase milk production, increase muscle growth and decrease fat growth, improve rate of gain and feed efficiency, decrease meat tenderness
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