Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
80 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How do you keep Dave Rosenthal entertained for hours?
|
How do you keep Dave Rosenthal entertained for hours?
|
|
Phenytoin
|
Antiepileptic
Blocks Na, Ca channels |
|
Halothane
|
General Anesthetic
Increases GABA action |
|
Lidocaine
|
Local Anesthetic & Antiarrythmic
Blocks Na, K channels |
|
a-bungarotoxin
|
Blocks Nicotinic ACh receptors
(direct antagonist) |
|
Hemicholinium
|
Presynaptic Choline block
Blocks choline uptake --> dec MEPP size |
|
Tetrodotoxin (TTX)
|
From pufferfish
Blocks Na conduction change --> no AP |
|
a-latrotoxin
|
From black widow spider
Massive secretion of ALL ACh at once --> depletion of ACh |
|
BoTox
|
Botulism Toxin A
Cleaves SNAP25, reducing affinity for Ca |
|
Tubocurarine
|
Non-depolarizing competitive inhibitor of ACh receptors
Side effects: Histamine, ganglion block (DEC BP) |
|
_Curium
_Curonium |
Nondepolarizing AChR blockers
(Competitive inhibition) |
|
Pancuronium
|
Steroid nondepolarizing AChR blocker (long action)
-More potent -Blocks vagal tone (Tachycardia) |
|
Vecuronium
|
Int. duration nondepolarizing blocker
No hist or CV effect Liver elimination |
|
Atracurium
|
Int duration
Elim in plasma Some histamine (may cause hives) Steroisomers may cause seizure |
|
Cisatracurium
|
Nondepolariznig AChR blocker (int action)
Single Steroisomer of Atracurium (fewer seizures) |
|
Rocuronium
|
Rapid onset, int duration non-dep AChR blocker
|
|
Nicotine
|
Depolarizing AChR blocker
|
|
(no question)
|
-
|
|
Dantrolene
|
Blocks release of Ca from S.R. Ryanodine channels
Treat Malignant hyperthermia in succinylcholine |
|
Succinylcholine
|
Depolarizing ACh blocker - esp for intubation.
May cause brady or tachycardia May cause mal. hyperthermia NO LONG TERM USE |
|
Neostigmine
|
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor
Treat M.G., reverses Pancuronium |
|
Edrophonium
|
Short lived anticholinesterase
Use to test for M.G. |
|
Atropine
|
Competitive blocker of Muscarinic Receptors
|
|
Acetylcholine (as a drug)
|
Primary effect is to stimulate P.S.
--> slowed HR (via G protein) --> Vasodilation (non-inervated muscarinic receptors) |
|
Methacholine
|
Muscarinic ACh analog
Slowly hydrolyzed by AChE Used in bronchial asthma challenge |
|
Carbachol
|
Nonspecific (Musc&Nic) ACh analog
Also a post depol blocker No degradation by cholinesterase |
|
Bethanacol
|
Muscarinic ACh analog
Res. to hydrolysis Treatment of low bowel tone (adynamic ileus), urinary retention |
|
Pilocarpine
|
Muscarinic ACh analog
No breakdown Treat Glaucoma via pupillary constriction, contraction of ciliary muscle |
|
Physostigmine
|
Reversible cholinesterase inhibitor (esp. for muscarinic receptors) crosses blood brain barrier
For glaucoma, and as antidote irrev AchR inhibitors |
|
Pyridostigmine
|
Slow release neostigmine
Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor |
|
DFP
|
Irreversible ChE inhibitor
Oily & well absorbed through skin |
|
Tabin
|
Irreversible ChE inhibitor
|
|
Sarin
|
Irreversible ChE inhibitor
|
|
Parathion
|
Irreversible ChE inhibitor
Agricultural Insecticide |
|
Malathion
|
Irreversible ChE inhibitor
Agricultural insecticide Less harmful to humans |
|
VX
|
Irreversible ChE inhibitor
Very deadly nerve gas |
|
Antilirium
|
Salycate salt of Physostigmine
Acetylcholinesterase inhib |
|
Homatropine
|
Short lived Atropine
(muscarinic blocker) |
|
Scopolamine
|
Muscarinic Antagonist
Like atropine, but more CNS Esp for anti-emetic, sedation, amnesia, twilight sleep |
|
3 Drugs for urinary incontinence
|
Tolteridine
Oxybutin Solifanacin (All musc. blockers) |
|
3 preferred ocular muscarinic blockers
|
Tropilamide
Cyclopentalate Homatropine |
|
2 muscarinic blockers in parkinsons
|
Benztropine
Trihexyphenidyl |
|
2 muscarinic blockers for bronchiolar dilation
|
Ipratropium
Tiotropium |
|
2 muscarinic blockers for GI spasm
|
Lomotil (atropine + opioid (dihenoxylate)
Glycopyrolate |
|
4 ganglionic blockers
|
Hexamethonium
Trimethaphan Mecamylamine Tubocurarine |
|
Uptake 1 inhibitors
|
Tricyclic Antidepressants
Cocaine Ritalin |
|
Phenylephrine
|
a1 receptor agonist
For: Mydriasis Eye vasoconstriction Nasal Decongestant |
|
Imadolazine derivatives
|
a1 agonists
Not broken down by MAO or COMT Effect a2 at high doses |
|
Midodrine
|
a1 agonist
Used for BP (esp postural) |
|
Methoxamine
|
a1 agonist w/ sustained effects
Doesn't affect cardiac receptors. |
|
clonidine
|
central a2 agonist (high dose stimulates peripheral - vasoconstriction)
Decrease BP, Decrease NE S.E. -- sedation, sex dysfunction O.D. activates a2 receptors --> vasoconstriction |
|
Guanfacine / Guanabez
|
a2 agonists
|
|
a-methyl dopa
|
Metabolized into a-methyl NE that is then released as an a2 agonist
|
|
Dobutamine
|
B1 receptor agonist (Mainly for increasing cardiac contractile force in CHF/ CG shock)
|
|
Albuterol
|
Prototype B2 agonist
- Bronchiloar and uterine relaxation(prevent premature labor) |
|
Terbutaline
|
Parenteral B2 agonist - Approved for asthma, used for premature labor.
|
|
Ritodrine
|
B2 agonist approved for preventing premature labor.
Causes increased HR, etc in both mother and baby. |
|
Ephedrine/Pseudoephedrine
|
Indirectly activates NE release. Also a B2 agonist.
|
|
Dopamine
|
B1, and dopamine agonist
Use to increase CO in cardiogenic shock (secondary). Causes oliguria, small inc in vasoconstriction |
|
Dobutamine
|
B1 agonist
Used to increase CO in cardiogenic shock (primary) (Increase contract w/o increasing hr) |
|
phenoxybenzamine
|
a1, a2 blocker (more a1)
Effect depends on level of symp. tone Treat pheo, sex dys, prophylactic in surgery |
|
Phentolamine
|
a1,a2 blocker.
Use in pheo, sex dysfunction, tyramin hypertensive crisis. |
|
Prazosin (_azosin)
|
a1 receptor blocker
- Decrease BP - Decrease urine block (in erethra, prostate, bladder neck) |
|
Terazosin
|
a1 blocker.
Treat BPH |
|
Tamsulosin (flomax)
|
Block a1A receptors (in prostate/bladder)
NOT a1B (in blood vessels) |
|
Alfuzosin
|
a1A antagonist
Pee. |
|
Yohimbine
|
Selective a2 antagonist - Causes tachycardia, aphrodisiac
|
|
Sildenafil (Viagra)
_denafil (others) |
Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors.
Contraindicated w/ nitrates or nonspecific a1 blockers. |
|
Propranolol
|
Non selective b blocker.
Antiarrythmic, antianginal, antihypertensive, pheochromocytoma, stage fright, migraine. CONTRA: Diabetics/asthmatics |
|
Timolol
|
Nonselective B blocker
Treat open angle glaucoma via decreased secretion of aqueous humor. Also treats migraines. |
|
Metoprolol
|
Specific B1 blocker
No bronchiolar effects Cardiac arrhytmia, hypertension, angina |
|
Betaxolol
|
Specific B1 blocker for Glaucoma (in place of timolol)
|
|
Butoxamine
|
B2 receptor blocker
|
|
Labetalol
|
a1 & b1 blocker
Treat hypertensive crisis Pheochromocytoma |
|
Tyramine
|
Indirect sympathomemitic
|
|
Amphetamines
|
Indirect acting sympathomimetics
|
|
Ephedrine
|
Mixed sympathomimetic.
Indirect actions EPI actions (esp B2) |
|
Phentermine
|
(works like ephedrine)
Phen in Fen-Phen Beta stimulation blocks feeding. |
|
Theophyline
|
Blocks a phosphodiesterase (increasing beta 2) - Helps in bronchodilation.
Synergistic w/ psuedoephedrine |
|
Levefed
|
Norepinephrine. Used for severe hypotension (i.e. in the ICU)
|