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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the cholinergic response in the eye
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sphincter muscle contraction -> miosis, ciliary muscle contraction
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Describe the cholinergic response in the heart
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1) Bradycardia at SA node 2) Negative inotropy in ventricles/atria
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Describe the cholinergic response in the blood versels
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Dilation/constriction
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Describe the cholinergic response in the lung
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Bronchoconstriction & bronchial gland secretion
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Describe the cholinergic response in the GI tract
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Increased GI motility, relaxation of sphincters, stimulation of secretion
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Describe the cholinergic response in the bladder
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Detrusor contracction, trigone/sphincter relaxation
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Describe the cholinergic response in the glands
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secretion in sweat, salivary, lacrimal and nasopharingeal
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Describe nicotinic receptors
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ion channel
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Describe muscarinic receptor type
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metabotropic/GPCR
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Direct acting cholinergic agents are ___ or ____
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esthers of choline or alkaloids
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Give examples of direct-acting cholinergic agents
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acetylcholine, methacholine, carbachol, bethanechol
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List the three groups of ACEs, w/ examples
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1) quartinary amines [edrophonium] 2) carbamic acid esthers of alcolol [neostigmine=quart, physostigmine=tert] 3) Organic derivatives of phosphoric acid [organophosphates]
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What is the primary use of cholinomimetics?
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1) glaucoma 2) GI atonry 3) urinary atony 4) myasthenia gravis
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Describe edrophonium use in myasthenia gravis
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MG = lact of ACh; edrophonium should improve it increasing ACh availability. If it works, pt is given a long-acting ACE.
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What ACEs are used in the tx of MG?
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neostigmine, pyridostigmine, ambenonium
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Describe the use of cholinergics in glaucoma
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cholinergics -> cilliary muscle contraction -> outflow of aqueus humor [pilocarpine, physiostigmine]
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List muscarinic sxs of ACE overdose
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miosis, salivation, bronchoconstriction, bradycardia, loss of bowel/bladder control
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List nicotinic sxs of ACE overdose
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muscle weakness, paralysis, apnea
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Are CNS sxs of ACEI overdose reveresed w/ pralidoxime
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No
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