Anp Ii Chapter 17: The Endocrine System

Front 1

Releasing and inhibiting hormones produced by the hypothalamus get to the anterior pituitary by way of blood vessels called the __.

Back 1

Hypophoseal Portal System

Front 2

Some endocrine glands elsewhere in the body suppress the secretion of hormones by the pituitary. This is called __.

Back 2

Negative feedback inhibition

Front 3

Hypersecretion of growth hormone causes __ if it occurs in childhood or adolescence and __ if it occurs in adulthood.

Back 3

Gigantism; acromegaly

Front 4

The metabolic rate is regulated by a large endocrine gland near the larynx called the __.

Back 4

Thyroid

Front 5

Hormones of the adrenal cortex fall into three categories: sex steroids, __, and __.

Back 5

Mineral corticoids; glyco corticoids

Front 6

The endocrine part of the pancreas consists of cell clusters called __.

Back 6

Pancreatic islets

Front 7

The __ in the adrenal cortex secretes cortisol, while the __ secretes aldosterone.

Back 7

zona fasciculata; zona glomerulosa

Front 8

The interstitial cells of the testis secrete __.

Back 8

Adrogens/Testosterone

Front 9

Exocrine secretions have __ effects, while endocrine secretions have __ effects.

Back 9

Extracellular; Intracellular

Front 10

Two symptoms of diabetes mellitus are __, which means glucose in the urine, and __, which means an abnormally high level of glucose in the blood.

Back 10

Glycosuria; Hyperglycemia

Front 11

Consequence of a dietary iodine deficiency

Back 11

Endemic goiter

Front 12

Hormone of the kidneys and liver that increases red blood cell production

Back 12

Erythropoietin

Front 13

Caused by certain viruses acting on genetically susceptible people

Back 13

Typel DM

Front 14

Any pituitary hormone that stimulates the ovaries or testes

Back 14

Gonadotropin

Front 15

Stimulates release of glucocorticoids from adrenal cortex

Back 15

ACTH

Front 16

T/F
Steroid hormones bind to receptors in the cytoplasm of their target cells.

Back 16

False

Front 17

T/F
Hypergylcemic hormones include cortisol, glucagon, epinephrine, and growth hormone.

Back 17

True

Front 18

T/F
The neurohypophysis synthesizes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone.

Back 18

False

Front 19

T/F
Some hormones oppose the effects of other hormones.

Back 19

True

Front 20

T/F
Insulin is secreted when blood glucose drops too low and helps raise it to a safe level.

Back 20

False

Front 21

T/F
In most cases of diabetes mellitus cannot be treated with insulin.

Back 21

True

Front 22

T/F
In the alarm reaction caused by stress, the secretion of corticotropin-releasing hormone precedes the secretion of glucocorticoids.

Back 22

True

Front 23

The anterior pituitary can be stimulated by:

Back 23

Corticotropin-releasing hormone

Front 24

Blood calcium concentration is controlled mainly by a hormone from the:

Back 24

Parathyroids

Front 25

__ is referred to as the "salt-retaining hormone," and it helps correct low blood pressure.

Back 25

Aldesterone

Front 26

Antidiuretic hormone:

Back 26

Reduces urine output

Front 27

Which of the following hormones must travel through the hypophyseal portal system to carry out its function.

Back 27

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

Front 28

Insulin injections will not benefit people with type 2 diabetes mellitus because:

Back 28

Their target cells lack receptors for insulin

Front 29

Chronic stress can make a person more susceptible to infection or cancer because it stimulates the continual secretion of:

Back 29

Cortisol

Front 30

All of the following anterior pituitary hormones have a narrow range of targets except:
GH
FSH
TSH
LH
ACTH

Back 30

GH

Front 31

All of these are caused by hypersecretion of a hormone except:
Acromegaly
Endemic goiter
Cushing synydrome
Androgenital syndrome
Graves disease

Back 31

Endemic Goiter

Front 32

All of the following hormones are steroids except:
Prosgesterone
estrogen
aldosterone
cortisone
dopamine

Back 32

Dopamine

Front 33

Term: adeno-

Back 33

Gland

Front 34

Term: -physis

Back 34

Growth

Front 35

Term: trop-

Back 35

change

Front 36

Term: toc-

Back 36

birth

Front 37

Term: diabet-

Back 37

flow through

Front 38

Term: poly-

Back 38

much, excess

Front 39

Term: -uria

Back 39

urine

Front 40

Term: natri-

Back 40

sodium

Front 41

Term: -crin

Back 41

secrete

Front 42

Term: -dipsia

Back 42

drinking

Front 43

Term: melli-

Back 43

honey

Front 44

What is the general name of the types of organs that produce hormones?

Back 44

Endocrine glands

Front 45

What name is given to cells or tissues receptive to hormones?

Back 45

Target Cells

Front 46

Melatonin is secreted by what gland?

Back 46

Pineal Gland

Front 47

Where is ADH stored?

Back 47

Kidneys

Front 48

Where is TSH produced?

Back 48

Anterior Pituatary

Front 49

What is the effect of TSH?

Back 49

Stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thryoid hormones

Front 50

What connects the two lobes of the thyroid gland?

Back 50

Medial Isthmus

Front 51

Where is glucagon produced?

Back 51

Alpha cells in Pancreatic Islets

Front 52

Which hormones on the adrenal gland control water and electrolyte balance.

Back 52

Cortocosteroid Hormones

Front 53

What is the primary gland that secretes epinephrine?

Back 53

Adrenal gland

Front 54

Where is growth hormone produced?

Back 54

Anterior pituitary

Front 55

What is another name for T3?

Back 55

Triiodotharonine