• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/42

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

42 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Phylum Annelida
1. when
2. # species
3. 3 classes + examples
1. 570mya
2. 9000 species
3. -Class Polychaeta (clamworms)
-Oligochaeta (earthworms)
-Hirudinea (leeches)
When did Phylum Annelida first evolve?
during the Cambrian (570 MYA)
How many species does phylum Annelida have?
9000 species
Name the 3 classes in Phylum Annelida and give an example
1. Class Polychaeta (clamworms)
2. Class Oligochaeta (earthworms)
3. Class Hirudinea (leeches)
Characteristics Of Annelida
Metamerism
-divided into segments (or metameres)
-externally - grooves which encircle the body
-internally - membranes (or septa) are partitions
Characteristics Of Annelida
Hydrostatic Skeleton of Coelomic Fluid
Coelomic fluid acts as hydrostatic skeleton against which the muscles act to change body shape
Characteristics Of Annelida
Cuticle
-on surface, have tough skin (or cuticle)
-hard bristles
Characteristics Of Annelida
Straight Digestive Tract
running from mouth to anus
Characteristics Of Annelida
Closed Circulatory System
-well-developed circulatory System
-blood is confined to vessels
Characteristics Of Annelida
Segmented Nervous System
-has the brain (couple of big ganglia)
-two ventral nerve cords (pair of ganglia)
-(ganglia are clumps of nervous tissue)
Name the 6 charactereistics of Phylum Annelida
1. Metamerism
2. Hydrostatic Skeleton of coelomic fluid
3. Cuticle
4. Straight digestive tract
5. Closed circulatory System
6. Segmented nervous system
Parapodia
fleshy lobes for gas exchange; extend from body segments.
Chaetae (Setae)
bristles on the parapodia. These are used for locomotion.
Pharynx
first part of the digestive tract leading from the mouth
Esophagus
narrow tube carrying food from pharynx into the crop
Stomach/Intestine
1. function
2. animals found on
structure where digestion and absorption takes place. Found following the esophagus.
2. clamworm (class polychaeta), earthworm (class oligochaeta)
Ventral Nerve Cord
transmits nerve impulses to and from "brain". It lies beneath digestive tract.
Nephridia
tiny kidney tubes used for excretion. One pair per segment.
Gonochoristic
both male and female worms, and reproduce sexually. Their gonads are not distinct organs but are masses of developing gametes. Most polychaetes are gonochoristic.
Clitellum
swollen glandular area that secretes a slimy material to form a cover for the eggs during repoduction
Crop
thin-walled storage chamber for food received from esophagus
Gizzard
muscular chamber that grinds the food; follows the crop
Suprapharyngeal Ganglion
a mass of nerve cells above the pharynx and connected by nerve chords and subpharygal ganglion below. Thus, the gut passes through the "brain".
Pseudohearts
five pairs of lateral blood vessels that are specialized to pump the blood.
Hermaphroditic
have both male and female organs. All olichaetes are hermaphroditic. The earthworm has 2 pairs of testes in segments 10 and 11 and one pair of ovaries in segment 13. sperm and eggs are released via tubes out the genital pores.
Seminal Vesicles
the sperm passes out of the male genital pore along the seminal groove to the clitellum and enters the other worm. This has to do wit mating in earthworms.
Phylum Arthropoda
-most likely evolves from polychaetes
-1,000,000 species
-have similarities: metamerism, placement of appendages, basic plan of the nervous system
name main subphylum and respective classes of Phylum Arthropoda
1. Subphylum Trilobitomorpha (trilobites-extinct)
2.Subphylum Chelicerata
-Class Merostomata (horseshoe crabs)
-Class Eurypterida (sea scorpions)
-Class Arachnida (spiders, scorpions)
3. Subphylum Crustacea
-Class Malacostraca
4. Subphylum Uniramia
-Class Insecta (=Hexapoda) (grasshoppers, bees, fruit flies)
Jointed Appendages
arthropods; adaptable to a variety of habitats.
Regional Specialization
in arthropods, groups of segments have fused together to form units called the head, thorax, and abdomen. Thus, different regions of the body have specialized for different functions.
Chitinous Exoskeleton
arthropods are covered by a tough, horny integument called chitin. THe exoskeleton is protective w/o sacrificing mobility.
Open Circulatory system
blood flows from a heart and arteries into blood spaces where it bathes the tissue directly before returning to the heart.
Segmented Nervous System
same for arthrops as annelids.
Sexual Dimorphism
arthropods often show pronounced sexual dimorphism. Males and females will have different body forms.
Carapace
hard shell that covers the exterior of the cephalothorax
Antennae
sensory organs for taste and touch; found dorsally at the anterior end of the cephalothorax.
Chelipeds
claws or pincers for feeding and fighting, underneath the carapace of the thorax; first pair of legs.
Walking Legs
-four pair of legs used for locomotion
-found underneath the carapace of the thorax
Swimmerets
5 pairs of appendages that aid in respiration and reproduction, found on the ventral side of the abdomen; sexually dimorphic; males' first pair is stiff and red; female swimmerrets are all identical
cardiac Stomach
structure w/ tiny calcified teeth used for grinding food; empties into the more posterior pyloric stomach.
Pyloric Stomach
digestive chamber where further digestion takes place; empties into the intestine
Intestine
structure where absorption takes place