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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Morton's Toe
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appears if the 2nd toe is larger then the Great toe - causing Neuroma
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Calcaneal Spur
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not on the weight bearing part of the calcaneus - considered a cardinal sign of Plantar Fascitis
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Frost Bite
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leads to loss of sensation:
- decrease in circulation - dorsalis pedis - loss of hair growth |
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Plantar Fascitis
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- typically sen among people who have issues with spring lig
- cardinal sign is pain - Rx: stretching, cross friction massage in DF, splint, surgery to release Fascia |
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Are steroid injections good for the tendon?
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No - they can degenerate the tissue in the long-term
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LCL Sprain Classifications
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Grade I - ATFL
Grade II - ATFL & CFL Grade III - ATFL, CFL, PTFL |
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LCL Treatment
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- high reoccurence rate
- place it on ice, stretching, strengthening the Peroneals & DF of joint |
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Fatigue Fractures
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- cyclic loading
- commonly seen in metatarsals and calcaneus |
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March Fracture
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Same thing as Fatigue Fx but involves Diaphysis of 5th Metatarsal
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Fatigue Fracture Treatment
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cast or orthopedic shoe for 3-4 weeks
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Metatarsal Fractures/Dislocations Treatment
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- treated with a compression bandage & stiff soled shoe
- may require SLC if painful - progress to PWB with cain - angulational issues |
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Metatarsal Neck & Head Fx
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- dorsal angulation issues
- want to prevent callus formation |
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Metatarsal Neck & Head Fx Treatment
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- closed: chinese finger traps
- open: K-wires, plates, screws |
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Tarsometarsal Dislocation
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- Lisfranc
- caused by direct injury - dorsal-lateral direction with soft tissue damage |
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Tarsometarsal Treatment
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- Immed attempt - closed reduction
- ORIF with bivalved casting (NWB for 6 wks) - complications: chronic foot swelling, residual deformity, CRPS PJD |
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Fracture of Base of Fifth
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- avulsion of styloid process (adduction caused)
- casting or stiff soled shoe for 6 wks |
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Jones Fracture
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- halfway through the 5th
- NWB with cast for 6-8 wks |
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Tarsal Fractures can include:
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- navicular - midtarsal sprain
- cueniform & cuboid - avulsive fractures - talus - common in body or neck |
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Talar Fracture Treatment
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- 50/50 with CR & OR
- ORIF with pins may be needed - complications: AVN, nonunion, osteoarthritis |
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Subtalar DIslocation
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- Normally dislocates the talonavicular as well
- more common with inversion sprains - closed reduction and casting successful |
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Calcaneal Fracture
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- impaction and comminuted
- pain, swelling, blisters - permanent damage to heel cord - 3 dimmensional CT scan |
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Calcaneal Fracture Treatment
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- compression dressing
- active exercises after 5 days - NWB for 4-8 wks |
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Ankle Joint Fractures Classification
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Lauge-Hansen Classification - based on mechanism of injury
Weber Classification - based on the fibular fx |
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Ankle Joint Dislocation/Fracture Treatment Guidelines
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- Dislocations should be reduced ASAP
- Precise restoration of joint congruity - Fracture must be held in reduced position - Joint motion initiated ASAP |
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Initial Rx
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- CR and splinting
- must stabilized ASAP - unstable ankle fx placed in LLC with knee flexed |
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Surgery Interventions
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correct lateral malleolus before medial, use plates and screws to restore limb length, reattach ligaments to talus
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PT Program
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- begin active exercise after sutures removed if ankle is stable
- SLC? - Six weeks weight bearing is advanced (remove hardware > 4 - 6 months |
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Fibular Shaft Fracture
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- closed reduction never successful
- difficult to restore - plates, screws, grafting required |
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Tibial Shaft Fracture
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- injury due to torsional force
- does not heal well - weekly x-ray for first 4 weeks |
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Tibial Shaft Fracture Treatment
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- weight bearing in 6 weeks
- unstable fx: requires intermedullary rods - displaced fx: plates and screws - incroporate ROM early |
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Tibial Fracture Complications
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- soft tissue damage
- post traumatic arthritis - compartment syndrome - RSDS - Delayed, Mal, Non-union - Infection |
