Animal Nutrition Final

Front 1

Which companion bird food is most commonly used, but is not completely nutritionally adequate?
A: seed based diet
B: commercial diet
C: home-made diet
D: none of the above

Back 1

A

Front 2

True or False:

Both food borne infections and intoxications are communicable.

Back 2

False

Front 3

An animal needs to have a positive energy balance if it is...

Back 3

growing, pregnant, lactating

Front 4

Which is not a toxicity sign of vitamin A?
a. Headache
b. Vomiting
c. Anorexia
d. Weight gain

Back 4

d

Front 5

Which is not a fat-soluble vitamin?
a. A
b. K
c. C
d. D

Back 5

c

Front 6

"Black tongue" in dogs results from a ____ deficiency.
a. pantothenic acid
b. niacin
c. biotin
d. ascorbic acid

Back 6

b

Front 7

Fish should be stored at or below 30c to minimize...

Back 7

peroxidative damage and nutrient destruction

Front 8

Although most reptiles excrete Nitrogen primarily as ____________, aquatic reptiles typically excrete excess nitrogen as ______ or_________

Back 8

uric acid. urea or nitrogen

Front 9

most commercial carnivore diets in zoos are based on _____________ and its byproducts.

Back 9

horsemeats

Front 10

for herbivores, food quality increases as _______ content increases

Back 10

nitrogen

Front 11

True or False

Gray seals, California Sea Lions, and Atlantic bottle nosed dolphins in captivity have been diagnosed with Thiamine deficiency?

Back 11

true

Front 12

Gray seals, California Sea Lions, and Atlantic bottle nosed dolphins in captivity have been diagnosed with a _______ deficiency

Back 12

thiamine

Front 13

Which of the following is a problem with prepackaged seed diets for birds?

A. They often contain only one type of seed
B. They are lacking nutrients
C. Don’t meet protein needs
D. All of the above

Back 13

D

Front 14

How many cats were used in the study in the supplemental reading
a) 26
b) 63
c) 36
d) 40

Back 14

b

Front 15

True or False

Behavioral observation is the most basic tool used when evaluating a captive animal's enrichment?

Back 15

true

Front 16

True or False: Food born infections are communicable, however, food born intoxications are not

Back 16

true

Front 17

"Goose Stepping" in pigs happens from a _______ deficiency

Back 17

panthothenic acid

Front 18

White Muscle Disease is to Selenum Deficiency as ________ is to Biotin Deficiency.

Back 18

scaly dermatitis

Front 19

What part of the ruminant stomach has a lining with many folds that resembles leaves?

Back 19

omasum

Front 20

What are the 6 parts to the S.P.I.D.E.R framework that are used to assess new enrichment that has been introduced into an animals environment?

Back 20

setting goals
planning
implementing
documenting
evaluating
readjusting

Front 21

True of False? An exotic felid diet is contains less protein, fat, and vitamin A when compared to a canid diet.

Back 21

false

Front 22

What organ in a hindgut fermenter is analogous to the rumen of a foregut fermenter, or ruminant?

Back 22

large intestine

Front 23

According to the presentation on periodontal disease in marsupials, which is not a common symptom of lumpy jaw disease ...
A. increased secretion of slavia
B.severe bad breath
C. difficulty swallowing
D. Increased appetite

Back 23

increased appetite

Front 24

When do we see a deficiency in vitamin A in lizards occur?

a. When they get too much sunlight
b. when they are feed unsupplemented produce and insects
c. when they are only fed produce
d. when they are not in the sunlight enough

Back 24

b

Front 25

Which of the following is one of the categories of enrichment?
a) Environmental enrichment
b) Routine husbandry
c) Social groupings
d) Sensory stimulation
e) All of the above make up the categories of enrichment
f) None of the above make up the categories of enrichment

Back 25

e

Front 26

______ deficiency is associated with a "goose-stepping" gait in pigs and with gill disease in fish.
a) Pantothenic acid
b) Thiamine
c) Riboflavon
d) Folic acid

Back 26

a

Front 27

There are 3 families of pinnipeds; what is the family for walruses?

Back 27

odobenidae

Front 28

When feeding fish, _______ and ________ are often the first limiting amino acids.

Back 28

lysine and methionine

Front 29

Freshwater fish _____ water and _____ ions to their environment, and saltwater fish ____ water and _____ ions to their environment

Back 29

gain/lose; lose/gain

Front 30

The minimum dry matter content of hay should be _____ and a maximum dry matter content of ______

Back 30

85/93

Front 31

Aquatic reptiles typically excrete excess nitrogen as ________

Back 31

urea/nitrogen

Front 32

True or false: As fish grow larger, their protein requirements generally decrease

Back 32

true

Front 33

True or false: Microbial fermentation of plant fiber is a poor source of nutrients for tortioses

Back 33

false

Front 34

Metabolic bone disease

a) is most commonly seen in young, growing lizards and adults maintained indoors
b) is common in turtles and tortoises
c) includes clinical signs such as soft mandibular and maxillary bones, deformed or fractured bones, spinal deviations, and paralysis
d) Only A and C
e) All of the above

Back 34

e

Front 35

True or false: Flamingoes in captivity can turn white because they aren't receiving enough dietary calcium.

Back 35

False (they turn white from not receiving enough dietary carotenoids)

Front 36

What percentage of an avian diet should be comprised of fruit and vegetables?
a) 0-10%
b) 10-30%
c) 30-50%
d) 50-70%

Back 36

b

Front 37

Eructation or belching is how ruminants get rid of _______ gases

Back 37

fermentation

Front 38

Rumination involves

a) Bolus of previously eaten food being carried back into the mouth by reverse peristalsis
b) Fluid in bolus being squeezed out with the tongue and reswallowed
c) A potent mixture of digestive enzymes to the small intestine to help digest fats, carbohydrates, and proteins
d) Both A and B

Back 38

d

Front 39

All enrichment should be evaluated on

a) Whether the enrichment item itself poses an unacceptable risk to the animals
b) What benefit the animals will derive from the enrichment
c) Whether the manner of enrichment delivery is apt to lead to problems
d) A and B
e) All of the above

Back 39

e

Front 40

True or false: Cultivated fruits are typically adequate sources of calcium, proteins, and micronutrients.

Back 40

true

Front 41

Cultivated fruits are typically adequate sources of

Back 41

calcium, proteins, micronutrients

Front 42

The greatest component of total energy expenditure is _____

Back 42

resting metabolic rate

Front 43

Which protein is insoluble in water and resistant to digestive enzymes?
a) Globular
b) Fibrous
c) Conjugated

Back 43

b

Front 44

Nearly all ATP generation is based on the ________ of organic fuel molecules in cellular respiration

Back 44

oxidation

Front 45

Insoluble fiber
a) Has a high water holding capacity in the large intestine
b) Is less fermentable as compared to soluble fiber
c) Has a high water holding capacity in the small intestine
d) Both A and B

Back 45

d

Front 46

Which B vitamins are exceptions to the fact that B vitamins are not stored in the body?

Back 46

b12 and riboflavin

Front 47

Organic material includes all combustible material that is primarily based on carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and oxygen. Therefore,
a) Organic matter reflects the potential energy in a tissue
b) Oxidation of carbohydrates in organic matter is the principle source of energy for animals
c) Organic matter contains ash and minerals
d) Both A and B

Back 47

d

Front 48

The bulk of organic matter in plants is comprised of
a) Carbohydrates
b) Proteins
c) Fats
d) Water

Back 48

a

Front 49

According to the copper toxicity in sheep presentation, what element seems to have an effect on copper levels?

Back 49

molybdenum

Front 50

Excess ATP can be used for biosynthese and..

a. used for reproduction
b. can be stored in energy depots
c. the liver and muscle cells store energy as glucose
d. A & B
e. A, B, & C

Back 50

d

Front 51

An animal that is classified as a browser typically consumes
a) Tree leaves
b) Grasses
c) Fruit
d) Buds, shoots, and woody tissue

Back 51

d

Front 52

Freezing carcasses of animals that are determined to be safe to feed exhibit animals can help minimize the risk of parasitism and disease.

Back 52

true

Front 53

What are some of the factors which contribute to the formation of the struvite urolithes?
A. Urinary pH and dietary magnesium
B. Water intake and dietary iron
C. dietary magnesium and water intake
D. dietary zinc and dietary iron

Back 53

a

Front 54

The Cat's requirement for dietary taurine appears to be a result of low efficiency in the synthesis of methionine and cystine.

Back 54

true

Front 55

The earlier in the food production cycle the contamination occurs, the more widespread the outbreak.

Back 55

true

Front 56

Negative energy balance is when the expenditure is more than the intake and positive energy balance is when the intake is more than the expenditure.

Back 56

true

Front 57

Which of the following amino acids are considered essential?
a. Leucine
b. Alanine
c. Threonine
d. Arginine
e. B, C, and D are all essential.

Back 57

e

Front 58

What are three health conditions mentioned in classmate presentation that a keeper or pet owner needs to be aware of when dealing with chelonian nutrition?

Back 58

pyramiding, shell rot, prolapses

Front 59

What are the goals of Zoo Nutrition?

Back 59

To provide an optimal nutrition to captive, wild, and exotic animal by:
- supporting reproduction
-supporting longevity
-supporting normal behavior

Front 60

What are Dr. Noonan's main points for fish storage?

Back 60

Dehydration in frozen fish can be a problem for animals that obtain their water from their food
- To retain optimal vitamin content and reduce nutrient leaching, frozen fish should be thawed in air under refrigeration
- Thawing in water leaches away water-soluble nutrients
- Thawing at room temperature promotes bacterial growth and spoilage

Front 61

The glandular stomach in poultry is called the ______________.
A. Gizzard
B. Proventriculus
C. Crop
D. Cloaca

Back 61

b

Front 62

Hemochromatosis in birds has to do with the intake and storage of what mineral?
a. sodium
b. iron
c. calcium
d. potassium

Back 62

b

Front 63

Neuromeningeal listeriosis in sheep casuses

Back 63

circling disease

Front 64

In the veterinary assessment of risks and benefits of environmental enrichment supplemental reading, regurgitation and re-ingestion behaviors were a particular concern in which types of animals

Back 64

great apes

Front 65

true or false: the ostrich can be classified as a hindgut fermenter

Back 65

ture

Front 66

studies have shown that canaries will die within _____ hours if water is withheld

Back 66

48

Front 67

in the avian nutrition lecture, which group of birds were mentioned particularly to have been physically adept to extract water from its food

Back 67

budgerigars

Front 68

providing a supplemental source of _____ to aquatic birds has been recommended during reproduction and molting when monotypic diets of smelt are fed

Back 68

essential fatty acids

Front 69

what does the abomasum in a ruminant do

Back 69

is secretes lysozyme, which breaks down bacterial cell walls

Front 70

many foods commonly fed to companion birds are composed primarly of

Back 70

fat and carbohydrate

Front 71

true or false: diets consisting primarily of fish should include less than 2 different species of fish and should be supplemented with thiamine and vitamin e

Back 71

ture

Front 72

young _____ are particularly susceptible to leg abnormalitites that appear to be nutritionally related, e.g. growth rate and spraddled leg syndrome

Back 72

ratites

Front 73

a breeding ratite diet should be higher in which minteral compared to a non breeding ratite diet

Back 73

calcium

Front 74

what percentage of an avian diet should be comprised of fruit and vegetables

Back 74

10-30%

Front 75

True or False? The amount of nitrogen in plants increases with age.

Back 75

false

Front 76

When sustaining an effective fish population it is important to understand the basic funamentals of the physiology of the animals with which you are working with. Due to their respective environments, freshwater fish ______ water and _____ ions (salts) and saltwater (marine) fish _____ water and _____ ions.

Back 76

gain/lose; lose/gain

Front 77

"Broken back disease" in fish is caused by a deficiency in

Back 77

vitamin c

Front 78

Sun curing of hay in the field generally increases ________ but decreases ________

Back 78

increases vitamin d2 but decreases vitamin a

Front 79

What is a cause of metabolic bone disease in green iguanas?

Back 79

excess of phosphorus

Front 80

Like domestic cats, exotic felines are unable to convert carotene to vitamin A.

Back 80

true

Front 81

What is Addison's Disease (also known as Hyponatremia)?

Back 81

salt deficiency

Front 82

What lizard species does not drink water out of a bowl?

Back 82

chameleons

Front 83

Aquatic reptiles typically excrete excess nitrogen as

Back 83

urea or ammonia