Animal Cell Structure

Front 1

Organelle: Plasma membrane

Back 1

*Mainly made of lipids and proteins
*Regulates the movement of chemicals in and out if the cell.
*Also has receptor molecules that allow it to respond to chemicals like hormones.

Front 2

Organelle: Nucleus

Back 2

Nucleolus, nuclear envelope, nuclear pore and chromatin.

*Chromatin is made from proteins and DNA
*DNA controls the cell's activities
*The nucleus makes ribosomes
*The pores allow molecules e.g. RNA to move between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.

Front 3

Organelle: Lysosome

Back 3

*Round organelle with no clear structure surrounded by a membrane.
*Contains digestive enzymes kept seperate by the surrounding membrane.
*The digest enzymes digest invading cells or to break down worn out components of the cell.

Front 4

Organelle: Microvilli

Back 4

*Microvilli are folds in the plasma membrane.
*Found in cells involved in absorption
e.g. epithelial cells in the small intestine.
*Microvilli increase the surface area of the plasma membrane.

Front 5

Organelle: Ribosome

Back 5

*A small organelle that floats free in the cytoplasm or is attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum.

*The site where proteins are made

*Small subunit and large subunit

Front 6

Organelle: Rough E.R

Back 6

*The rough endoplasmic reticulum folds and processes proteins that have been made at ribosomes.

*The rough E.R is covered in ribosomes.

Front 7

Organelle: Smooth E.R

Back 7

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum synthesises and processes lipids.

Front 8

Organelle: Golgi apparatus

Back 8

*The Golgi apparatus is a group fluid - filled flattened sacs.

*It processes and packages new lipids and proteins, which are transported elsewhere by vesicles.

*Also makes Lysosome.

Front 9

Organelle: Mitochondrion

Back 9

*Double membrane (inner and outer)
*Inner membrane folded to make cristea
*Inside matrix contains enzymes involves in respiration.

*Site of aerobic respiration that produces ATP.