Animal Anatomy And Physiology

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THE STUDY OF THE FORM AND STRUCTURE OF THE BODY

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ANATOMY

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NO BREATHING

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APNEA

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WHERE TWO OR MORE BONES MEET; ALSO CALLED A JOINT

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ARTICULATION

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THE JUNCTION OF THE UPPER AND LOWER EYELIDS AT EITHER CORNER OF THE EYES.

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CANTHI

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MEAT EATING ANIMAL

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CARNIVORE

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MUCOUS MEMBRANE THAT LINE THE EYELIDS

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CONJUNCTIVA

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TRANSPARENT COVERING ON THE EYE

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CORNEA

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BLOOD CIRCULATION THAT NOURISHES THE MYOCARDIUM

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CORONARY CIRCULATION

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AIR IN THE RESPIRATORY PASSAGEWAYS

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DEAD SPACE

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DIFFICULT BREATHING

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DYSPNEA

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DIFFICULT BIRTH

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DYSTOCIA

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SECRETE HORMONES DIRECTLY INTO THE BLOODSTREAM

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ENDOCRINE GLANDS

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OUTSIDE OF A CELL

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EXTRACELLULAR

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PLANT EATING ANIMAL

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HERBIVORE

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CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE THAT HAS A SPECIFIC EFFECT ON TARGET AREA

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HORMONE

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HAVING A HIGHER OSMOTIC PRESSURE THAN ANOTHER SOLUTION

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HYPOTONIC

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BETWEEN THE CELLS

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INTERCELLULAR

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WITHIN A CELL

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INTRACELLULAR

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HAVING EQUAL OSMOTIC PRESSURES

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ISOTONIC

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LACRIMAL DUCT CONDUCTS TEARS FROM THE MEDIAL CORNERS TO THE NASAL CAVITY

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LACRIMAL APPARATUS

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MILK PRODUCTION

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LACTATION

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THIN, FLAT LAYER OR MEMBRANE

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LAMINAE

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PROTECTIVE COVERINGS OF THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD

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MENINGES

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HAVING ONE ESTROUS CYCLE PER YEAR

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MONESTROUS

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PRODUCING ONE OFFSPRING AT BIRTH

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MONOTOCOUS

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HEART MUSCLE

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MYOCARDIUM

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OVULATION OCCURS ONLY WHEN BRED

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NONSPONTANEOUS OVULATOR

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ANIMAL THAT EATS MEAT AND PLANT

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OMNIVORE

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AMOUNT OF PRESSURE NECESSARY TO STOP THE FLOW OF WATER ACROSS A MEMBRANE

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OSMOTIC PRESSURE

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STUDY OF BONES

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OSTEOLOGY

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ACT OF GIVING BIRTH

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PARTURTION

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STUDY OF BODY FUNCTIONS

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PHYSIOLOGY

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HAVING MORE THAN ONE ESTROUS CYCLE PER YEAR

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POLYESTROUS

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GIVING BIRTH TO SEVERAL OFFSPRING AT ONE TIME

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POLYTOCOUS

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AIR REMAINING IN THE LUNGS AFTER A FORCED EXPIRATION

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RESIDUAL VOLUME

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ANIMAL WITH A FOUR-CHAMBERED STOMACH; ANIMAL THAT COMMONLY CHEWS ITS CUD

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RUMINANT

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OVULATION OCCURS NATURALLY WITHIN THE CYCLE

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SPONTANEOUS OVULATOR

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VOLUME OF AIR EXCHANGED DURING EUPNEA

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TIDAL VOLUME

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ABDUCTION

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THE JOINT MOVEMENT WHEREBY AN EXTREMITY IS MOVED AWAY FROM THE MEDIAN PLANE

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ABOMASUM

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THE TRUE STOMACH OF THE RUMINANT; SECRETES ACIDS, MIXES AND CONTRACTS INGESTA, AND MOVES LIQUID CHYME INTO THE SMALL INTESTINE

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ABORAL DIRECTION

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AWAY FROM THE MOUTH

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ABSORPTIVE CELL

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A CELL COMMONLY FOUND IN THE SMALL INTESTINE THAT CAN ABSORB NUTRIENTS FROM THE LUMINAL SURFACE VIA PHAGOCYTOSIS AND PINOCYTOSIS

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ACCOMMODATION

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THE FOCUSING OF THE LENS OF THE EYE TO ALLOW CLOSE-UP AND FARAWAY VISION. IT IS ACCOMPLISHED BY THE CILIARY BODY THAT APPLY OR RELIEVE TENSION ON THE SUSPENSORY LIGAMENTS THAT ATTACH TO THE LENS.

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ACETABULUM

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THE SOCKET PORTION OF THE BALL-AND-SOCKET HIP JOINT. IT IS FORMED AT THE JUNCTION OF THE ILIUM, ISCHIUM AND PUBIS BONES OF THE PELVIS

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ACETYLCHOLINE

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NEUROTRANSMITTER; ASSOCIATED WITH PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM EFFECTS EVEN THOUGH IT IS THE NEUROTRANSMITTER USED IN THE PREGANGLIONIC NEURON IN BOTHE THE SYMPATHETIC AND PARASYMPATHETIC NERIOUS SYSTEMS; HAS A STIMULATORY EFFECT ON THE GI TRACT; INCREASES SECRETIONS AND MUSCLES CONTRACTIONS IN THE ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, RUMINANT FORESTOMACHS, INTESTINE AND COLON

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ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE

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THE ENZYME THAT BREAKS DOWN ACETYLCHOLINE

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ACINAR GLAND

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THE SECRETORY UNITS OF EXOCRINE GLANDS THAT CONTAIN ONE OR MORE SACLIKE STRUCTURES

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ACROMEGALY

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A FORM OF GIANTISM THAT RESULTS FROM AN EXCESS OF GROWTH HORMONE

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ACROSOME

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THE CAPLIKE STRUCTURE THAT PARTIALLY COVERS THE HEADS OF SPERMATOZOA. IT CONTAINS DIGESTIVE ENZYMES THAT ARE ACTIVATED WHEN THE CELLS ENTER THE FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE TRACT. THEY HELP THE CELL PENETRATE THROUGH THE LAYERS AROUND THE OVUM TO FERTILIZE IT.

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ACTH

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ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE

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ACTIN

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A PROTEIN THAT COMPOSES MICROFILAMENTS. IT IS FOUND IN THE CYTOSKELETON, IN MYOFIBRILS OF MUSCLE FIBERS, AND IN SPINDLE FIBERS DURING CELL DIVISION

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ACTIN FILAMENTS

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ONE OF THE TWO CONTRACTILE PROTEINS OF MUSCLE (MYOSIN IS THE OTHER ONE) THAT SLIDE OVER EACH OTHER TO PRODUCE THE SHORTENING OF THE MUSCLE CELL THAT WE REFER TO A MUSCLE CONTRACTION

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ACTION POTENTIAL

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THE CHANGE IN ELECTRICAL CHARGES THAT OCCURS DURING NERVE DEPOLARIZATION; ALSO CALLED THE NERVE IMPULSE; THE CHANGE IN CELLULAR POLARITY THAT DEFINE THE ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY OF CARDIAC TISSUE

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ACTIVE IMMUNITY

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ACTIVATION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM BY EITHER ADMINISTRATION OF A VACCINE THAT CONTAINS A MODIFIED ANTIGEN OR EXPOSURE TO THE ANTIGEN

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ACTIVE SITE

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THE SPECIFIC AREA ON AN ENZYME THAT CONNECTS WITH A SUBSTRATE TO CAUSE A CHEMICAL REACTION

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ACTIVE TRANSPORT

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THE PROCESS THAT MOVES IONS OR MOLECULES ACROSS THE CELL MEMBRANE AND AGAINST THE CONCENTRATION GRADIENT, REQUIRING ENERGY OR ATP TO BE ACCOMPLISHED

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ADDUCTION

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THE JOINT MOVEMENT WHEREBY A EXTREMITY IS MOVED TOWARD THE MEDIAN PLANE

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ADENINE

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ONE OF THE NUCLEOTIDES PRESENT IN BOTH DNA AND RNA. IT IS A PURINE BASE THAT CORRESPONDS TO RNA'S URACIL AND DNA'S THYMINE.