Angiology 2

Front 1

What are the five branches of the superior thyroid branch of the ECA?

Back 1

infrahyoid, superior laryngeal, cricothyroid, and glandular, and SCM

Front 2

Which branch of the of the superior thoracic pierces the thyrohyoid membrane?

Back 2

the superior laryngeal

Front 3

What arteries supply the thyroid

Back 3

the glandular branch of the superior thyroid of the ECA
and
the inferior thyroid branch of the thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian

Front 4

What's the thyroid Ima?

Back 4

a variable artery that runs up the anterior surface of the trachea to the thyroid

Front 5

What are the the branches of the ascending pharyngeal?

Back 5

3-4 branches that supply the constrictors and stylpharyngeus

a branch that supplies soft palate, palatine tonsil, and auditory tube

prevertebral branches

inferior tympanic branch (through tympanic canaliculus)

neuromeningeal branches (CN 9-12 and PCF meninges)

Front 6

The lingual artery arises near the tip of the _____.

Back 6

greater horn of the hyoid

Front 7

Three branches of the lingual artery.

Back 7

dorsal lingual, sublingual and deep lingual

Front 8

Which artery supplies genioglossus?

Back 8

the deep lingual branch of the lingual

Front 9

What are the cervical branches of the facial artery?

Back 9

ascending palatine, tonsilar, glandular (submandibular glands), submental

Front 10

What are the four facial branches of the facial artery?

Back 10

inferior and superior labials, lateral nasal and angular (terminal)

Front 11

In what plane to the labial arteries lie?

Back 11

In between the mucosa and the deep surface of orbicularis oris

Front 12

What are the five types of branches of the occipital artery?

Back 12

muscular, SCM, auricular (to air cells), meningeal, and terminal

Front 13

Which muscles does the occipital a. supply?

Back 13

SCM, posterior digastric, stylohyoid, and posterior cervical muscles, and occiptalis

Front 14

What is the significant internal branch of the posterior auricular?

Back 14

the stylomastoid artery. It goes through the stylomastoid foramen to the facial canal to the "mastoid antrum" in between the air cells and the middle ear.

This artery has the potential to compress the facial nerve, leading to Bell's palsy.

It gives rise to the posterior tympanic artery.

Front 15

What is the posterior tympanic artery?

Back 15

A branch of the stylomastoid a., which is a branch of the posterior auricular.

Front 16

What/where is the terminal bifurcation of the ECA?

Back 16

Branches to maxillary and superficial temporal within the parotid.

Front 17

What supplies the TMJ?

Back 17

Branches of both the maxillary and the superficial temporal.

Front 18

Branches of the superficial temporal.

Back 18

TAZMFP
Transverse facial
Anterior auriculars
Zygomaticoorbital
Middle temporal
Frontal
Parietal bone

Front 19

What are the three parts of the maxillary artery? They are determined by their relation to what muscle?

Back 19

Determined by location to lateral pterygoid.
1. The mandibular portion
2. The pterygoid portion (closest to lateral pterygoid)
3. The pterygopalatine portion

Front 20

Branches of the mandibular portion of the maxillary a.

Back 20

IADMA
1. inferior alveolar
2. anterior tympanic
3. deep auricular
4. middle meningeal (foramen spinosum)
5. accessory meningeal (variable, foramen ovale)

Front 21

The anterior tympanic of the maxillary a. passes through the _____, just like chorda tympani.

Back 21

petrotympanic fissure

Front 22

Which vessels supply blood to the middle ear?

Back 22

superior tympanic (from middle meningeal), anterior tympanic (of maxillary), deep auricular (from maxillary), inferior tympanic (from ascending pharyngeal), stylomastoid (from posterior auricular), and posterior tympanic

Front 23

Which branch of the middle meningeal enters the bone of the skull?

Back 23

the petrous branch (will form the superior tympanic)

Front 24

How does the inferior alveolar a. terminate?

Back 24

In incisive roots and as the mental artery.

Front 25

What are, broadly, the four parts of the pterygoid portion of the maxillary artery?

Back 25

The buccal, masseteric, pterygoid, and deep temporal.

Front 26

What are the branches of the pterygopalatine portion of the maxillary artery?

Back 26

PIDVS
1. Posterior superior alveolar
2. Infraorbital
3. Descending palatine (to greater and lesser palatine arteries)
4. Vidian (gives rise to pharyngeal branch?)
5. Sphenopalatine

Front 27

Branches of which branches of the carotid supply the tonsilar area?

Back 27

Ascending pharyngeal, facial, maxillary, lingual

Front 28

What's the terminal branch of the pterygopalatine portion of the maxillary a.? What does it do?

Back 28

The sphenopalatine. Supplies nasal cavity (lateral walls and septum)

Front 29

What's the most common site of nosebleed?

Back 29

Kiesselbach's area

Front 30

What artery ascends the incisive foramen into the nasal cavity?

Back 30

A branch of the greater palatine, which is a branch of the descending palatine, which is a branch of the pterygopalatine branch of the maxillary.

Front 31

Which artery gives rise to anterior septal branches?

Back 31

the anterior ethmoidal branch of the opthalmic

Front 32

What are the major groups that contribute to nasal cavity blood supply?

Back 32

the anterior ethmoidal of the ICA, the sphenopalatine and greater palatine of the maxillary, and the superior labial of the facial

Front 33

The basilar artery bifurcates to become ____

Back 33

posterior cerebral arteries

Front 34

What is ACOM?

Back 34

anterior communicating artery. Between the internal carotids.

Front 35

Where does the deadly Berry aneurysm occur?

Back 35

At the bifurcation of the basilar artery.

Front 36

Blood supply to spinal cord

Back 36

The anterior (1) and posterior (paired)O spinal arteries formed by the vertebral arteries. Also, there segmental spinal arteries of the from both the VERTEBRAL arteries, the POSTERIOR INTERCOSTALS, and the LUMBAR arteries

Front 37

Other than the carotid, what are the branches of the subclavian? What is its terminal branch?

Back 37

thyrocervical trunk, costocervical trunk, vertebral, and internal thoracic. It terminates as the axillary artery.

Front 38

Branches of the thryrocervical trunk of the subclavian.

Back 38

1. inferior thyroid
2. ascending cervical
3. transverse cervical
4. suprascapular

Front 39

Branches of the costocervical trunk of the subclavian.

Back 39

The deep cervical and the supreme intercostal (gives rise to the first two posterior intercostals)

Front 40

What caries the blood of the superior cerebral veins to the dural venous sinuses? What must they pierce?

Back 40

They are called bridging veins and must pierce both the arachnoid and dura mater.

Front 41

What will bridging vein rupture cause?

Back 41

subdural hematoma

Front 42

Rupture of which vessels are likely to cause a subarachnoid hematoma?

Back 42

arteries near the base of the brain

Front 43

Where does the great cerebral vein empty?

Back 43

into the straight sinus

Front 44

Between what layers of dura do the venous dural sinuses lie?

Back 44

periosteal layer and meningeal layer

Front 45

transverse sinus + _____ = sigmoid sinus

Back 45

superior petrosal sinus

Front 46

sigmoid sinus + _____ = jugular

Back 46

inferior petrosal sinus

Front 47

Name the sinus that rims foramen magnum.

Back 47

the marginal sinus

Front 48

What's an alternative to the internal jugular?

Back 48

the basilar plexus and marginal sinuses

Front 49

Emissary blood generally flows from where to where?

Back 49

from inside the skull to outside the skull

Front 50

Anastomes between the basilar plexus and the vertebral plexus are part of the _______, which helps maintain pressure

Back 50

cerebrospinal venous system (CSVS)

Front 51

Where does the blood of the diploic veins go?

Back 51

Into dural venous sinuses or the occipital vein (which is superficial)

Front 52

major emissary veins

Back 52

mastoid, condylar, superficial temporal, parietal, occipital

Front 53

How might cancers from the lower body travel up to the brain?

Back 53

the internal vertebral venous plexus

Front 54

The names of the veins of the superficial veins and face parallel some of those of the ECA. What are the?

Back 54

1. facial
2. superficial temporal
3. posterior auricular
4. occipital

Front 55

Which major tributary of the facial vein parallels that of the facial artery?

Back 55

the angular vein

Front 56

Which two things does the occipital vein drain into?

Back 56

the deep cervical vein and the vertebral venous plexus

Front 57

Like the angular artery, the angular vein will anastomose with what?

Back 57

supratrochlear and supraorbital vessels

Front 58

What does the superficial temporal v. drain?

Back 58

anterior auricle, TMJ, transverse facial v., scalp, parotid, middle temporal v.

Front 59

two main opthalmic veins

Back 59

superior and inferior

Front 60

what do the opthalmic veins communicate with??

Back 60

pterygoid plexus, angular, cavernous

Front 61

What communicates between the pterygoid plexus and the facial v.?

Back 61

the deep facial v. (no arterial analogue)

Front 62

Where is the pterygoid plexus?

Back 62

between temporalis and lateral pteryg. and between lateral pteryg. and medial pteryg.

Front 63

The pterygoid plexus receives veins that parallel the branches of the maxillary artery. Name them

Back 63

the sphenopalatine, buccal, infraorbital, palatine, and alveolar, as well as those from muscles of mastication

Front 64

Describe venous return from dentition.

Back 64

Both max and mand teeth drain to the pterygoid plexus via superior and inferior alveolar veins.

Front 65

There are four pathways for drainage of the nasal cavity. Name them.

Back 65

1. Foramen cecum (to sup. sag. sinus)
2. Ethmoidal veins (to cavernous)
3. Facial vein
4. Pterygoid venus plexus

Front 66

How does the cavernous sinus communicate with the pterygoid plexus?

Back 66

emissary veins

Front 67

Why did they call it the Death Triangle?

Back 67

pathogens from the angular vein could potentially drain to the opthalmic v. and then into the cavernous, possibly causing cavernous thrombosis

Front 68

superficial temporal v. + maxillary v. = ______

Back 68

retromandibular v.

Front 69

The branches of the lingual vein parallel those of the lingual artery. Name them.

Back 69

1. deep lingual
2. sublingual
3. dorsal lingual

Front 70

The retromandibular vein bifurcates. Describe what happens to both branches

Back 70

anterior: joins facial to form common facial (which will drain to IJV)
posterior: joins posterior auricular to form EJV

Front 71

The IJV descends the neck in the _____, just _____ to the carotid artery.

Back 71

carotid sheath; lateral

Front 72

The pharyngeal venous plexus and the superior and middle thyroid veins drain directly into the ____, while the inferior thyroid vein drains into the ____.

Back 72

IJV, brachiocephalic vein

Front 73

Where is the inferior jugular bulb?

Back 73

Just above the bicuspid jugular valve.

Front 74

IJV + subclavian = ______

Back 74

brachiocephalic v.

Front 75

What is cor pulmonale?

Back 75

I think its right side heart failure. Will cause an engorged EJV.

Front 76

The EJV crosses ____ to empty into the ____ at the base of the _____.

Back 76

SCM; subclavian v.; posterior cervical triangle

Front 77

The anterior jugulars empty into ____.

Back 77

EJV