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29 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Greek island southeast of the mainland in the Aegean Sea
Crete
Ancient city in Greece
Mycenae
A peninsula in southern Greece
Peloponnesus
The Mycenaean king in Greek mythology who used trickery to win the the Trojan War
Agamemnon
body of land with water on 3 sides
peninsula
settlement in a new territory that keeps close ties with its homeland
colony
the early Greek city-state, made up of a city and the surronding countryside and run like an independent country
polis
in early greek city-states, an open area that served as both a market and meeting place
agora
city in ancient Greece and capital of Lanconia
Sparta
a city-state in early Greece which developed into an emerging democracy; boys were given a well-rounded education that included academics, sports, and music
Athens
a Greek man who reformed society in Athens by canceling farmers' debts and freeing those who had become slaves; he also changed the government of Athens to allow all male citizens to participate in the assembly and law courts
Solon
Greek tyrant who seized power in 560 B.C.; he divided large estates among landless farmers and gave jobs and money to the poor
Peisistratus
Greek leader who came to power in 508 B.C. and is credited with making the government of Athens a democracy
Cleisthenes
person who takes power by force and rules with authority
tyrant
government in which a small group of people holds power
oligarchy
government in which all citizens share in running the country
democracy
person who was conquered and enslaved by the ancient Spartans
helot
ruler who united the Persians into a powerful empire in the 6th century B.C.
Cyrus the Great
Persian king who came to throne in 521 B.C. and reorganized the empire into 20 states
Darius
The son of Darius, this Persian king took the trone in 486 B.C. after the death of his father; he invaded Greece but was eventually defeated
Xerxes
an Athenian general who came up with the plan for the Spartans and Athenians to fight the Persians
Themistocles
the 20 staes into which Darius divided the Persian empire
satrapies
official who ruled a state in the Persian empire under Darius
satrap
Persian religion founded by Zoroaster; taught that humans had the freedom to choose between right and wrong and that goodness would triumph in the end
Zoroastrianism
great Athenian general and statesman who guided Athens from 461 B.C. until 429 B.C.; he expanded democracy by allowing lower-class male citizens to run for political office; he also supported artists, architects and philosophers
Pericles
a well-educated woman who, though not a native Athenian, moved freely about Athens and taught public speaking; she helped shape Athenian politics as an advisor to Pericles; Plato was also influenced by her work
Aspasia
system of government in which people gather at mass meetings to decide on government matters
direct democracy
system of government in which citizens choose a smaller group to make laws and government decisions on their behalf
representative democracy
study of the nature and meaning of life; comes from the Greek word for "love of wisdom"
philosophy