Ancient Civilizations Chapter 2 World History

Front 1

Subcontinent

Back 1

A large land mass, such as india, pakistan, and bangladesh, too small to be a continent, therefore classified as a subcontinent

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Monsoons

Back 2

Seasonal winds such as in india that came from Oct.- Feb. north east bringing dry air or from June- Oct. East bringing moist air can cause flooding

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Harappan Civilization

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Also known as the indus valley civilization, many dicoveries were made in the city Harappa.

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Loess

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Fertile soil (silt) which is blown by the winds from the desert

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Oracle bones

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Animal bones used by priest to the gods, hot poker applied the bones would crack then cracks were interpreted as answers, used by the Shang kings

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Mandate of Heaven

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A just ruler of ancient china needed divine approval in order to continue to rule with out it the foolish ruler could lose his throne

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dynastic cycle

Back 7

the discription by historians that discribes the pattern of rise, decline and replacement of dynasties

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Feudalism

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political system in which nobels or lords are granted use of land beloning to the king, in return they must pledge their service and loyalty

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Fertile Crescent

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a cresent of land that provides some of the best farming soil in South W. Asia. This allowed people to settle here and raise crops

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Mesopotamia

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"The land between rivers" this plain of land became a popular place for farming settlements. Near the Mediterranean sea

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City- State

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A city with a wall around it for protection, the city states also included the land surrounding it in which people farmed. These city- states had their own government and religon

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Dynasty

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A series of rulers from a single family, they were formed when strong military men were asked to lead the country to war, when wars became more frequent the military men stayed in charge and passed their rule down through their family line

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Cultural Diffusion

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The exchange of goods and ideas with other cultures

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Polytheism

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The belief in many gods, was widely practiced in the ancient River Vally Civilizaions.

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Empire

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Bringing together several peoples or nations under one ruler

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Hammurabi

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A ruler of the Babylonian empire that helped it reach its peak, he put together one of the first know codes of laws

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Nile Delta

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The nile delta is a regon in lower egypt that like other deltas was formed where silt diposited at the mouth of the river

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Narmer

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Narmer was one of the two possible kings that united upper and lower egypt (most likely)

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Pharaohs

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Were the distinguished rulers of egypt, they were considered gods

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Theocrasy

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A type of government based off religious laws and rulers, such as egypt

Front 21

Pyramids

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Built as a tomb for the pharaohs during the old kingdom, pyramids were their final resting place where they reined in the afterlife with their Ka

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Mummification

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The process of drying and preserving the corps of an egyptian noble

Front 23

Hieroglyphics

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"sacred carving" this was the writing of ancient egypt (pictures as words)

Front 24

Papyrus

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A type of paper made by the egyptians out of reeds stripped, wetted, and pressed into paper.