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70 Cards in this Set
- Front
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Ambrose of Milan |
4th, Bishop of Milan, helped lead Augustine to faith, doctor of the church |
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Augustine of Hippo
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4th to 5th, Bishop of Hippo, doctor of the church. Wrote City of God and Confessions, most influential person of western church
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Jerome
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4th to 5th, doctor of the church. Responsible for Latin Vulgate, translation of bible into Latin
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Gregory the Great
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6th to 7th, pope, known as “the father of Christian worship”, said to be last great pope in Calvin’s institutes.
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Benedict of Nursia
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5th to 6th, founded twelve communities of monks in Italy, known for “Rule of Saint Benedict” precepts for monks.
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The Venerable Bede
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7th to 8th, Known as "Father of English History" due to his book The Ecclesiastical History of the English People.
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Pippen the Short
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8th, king of franks, first Carolingian king, younger son of Charles Martel
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Charlemagne
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8th and 9th, commissioned General Admonition, Carolingian King, “Father of Europe”, son of Pippen the Short
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Paschasius Radbertus
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8th and 9th, Carolingian theologian, wrote “On the body of the Lord” and the Abbot of Corbie.
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Ratramnus of Corbie
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9th, Frankish monk of the monastery of Corbie, was a Carolingian theologian known best for his writings on the Eucharist and predestination.
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Gottschalk of Orbais
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9th, monk, defended an extreme form of double predestination
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John Scotus Eriugena
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9th, Considered the one outstanding original thinker of the 9th century in the west. Wrote De Divisione Naturae
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Benedict of Aniane
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8th to 9th, called “The Second Benedict”, benedictine monk and monastic reformer
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Gregory VII
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11th, Pope. Known for Investiture Controversy, reformed papal election process.
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Innocent III
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12th to 13th, considered most powerful pope; Annulled the Magna Carta and known for Lateran Council
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Francis of Assisi
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12th to 13th, Italian Catholic friar, founded Order of Friars Minor, wrote 'Regula Prima' first rule to gain papal approval
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Urban II
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11th, pope from 1088. Initiated the First Crusade.
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Bonaventure
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13th, Cardinal Bishop of Albano. Wrote on the eucharist.
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Thomas Aquinas
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13th, known for Summa Theologica. Dominican Friar and Theologian, proponent of Natural Theology
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Jan Hus
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14th to 15th, czech priest, considered first church reformer, burned at the stake by Catholic Church
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John Wycliffe
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14th, English theologian, maintained that scripture was the sole criteria of doctrine and that the authority of the Pope was ill-founded in Scripture.
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Robert Grosseteste
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12th to 13th, bishop of Lincoln, wrote theological work such as De Decem Mandatis
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Patrick, Saint
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5th, 'Apostle to the Irish'
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Boniface, Saint
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7th to 8th. ‘Apostle of Germany', the reformer of the Frankish church, and the chief fomenter of the alliance between the papacy and the Carolingian family
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Boniface of Savoy
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13th- Archbishop of Canterbury
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Boniface VIII
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13th to 14th, As Pope declared that Kings were subordinate to the Pope.
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Alexander of Halles
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12th to 13th, considered the founder of the Franciscan school of theology. Worked on 'The Four Master'
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Theresa of Avilla
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16th,Founded convent of St. Joseph. Wrote 'The Way of Perfection'
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Catherine of Sienna
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14th, Persuaded Gregory XI to transfer papacy from Avignon back to Rome
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Bridget of Sweden
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14th, Founder of Bridgettine Order. Campaigned in Rome for reform of the church
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Isidore of Seville
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6th and 7th, Bishop of Seville. Presided over the Council of Seville and fourth council of Toledo
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Bernard of Clairvaux
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11th to 12th, French abbot and the primary builder of the reforming Cistercian order
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Hildegard of Bingen
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11th to 12th, Abbess of Rupertsberg
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Transubstantiation (inventio)
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mid 12th, in Paris University system, did not appear until/after Lateran IV
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John Duns Scotus
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13th to 14th, metaphysician
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Peter Waldo
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12th to 13th, credited as the founder of the Waldensians, a Christian spiritual movement of the Middle Ages
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Peter Lombard
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12th, 'Master of the Sentences', insisted on seven sacraments
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Peter Abelard
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11th to 12th, Medieval French scholastic philosopher, theologian, preeminent logician, and composer
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Peter Damian
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11th, Cardinal Bishop of Ostia, called for reforms of clerical communities to live 'apostolic life' without possessions
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Peter Martyr Vermigli
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15th to 16th, Italian theologian of the Reformation period who converted from Roman Catholicism to Protestantism. He was a very influential figure in the early development of Reformed theology and in the English Reformation
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Anselm of Canterbury
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11th to 12th, Archbishop of Canterbury, Benedictine monk, Founder of Scholasticism. Wrote many theological works including Cur Deus Homo (Why the God-Man?)
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Thomas Becket
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12th, Archbishop of Canterbury, assassinated in Canterbury cathedral
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Alcuin of York
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8th to 9th, member of Charlemagne's court. Abbot of St Martin's at Tours, supervised several bibles in 'Caroline minuscule'. Major contributed to Carolingian Renaissance.
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John Calvin
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16th, influential French theologian and pastor during the Protestant Reformation. He was a principal figure in the development of the system of Christian theology later called Calvinism.
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Martin Luther
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15th and 16th, Nailed Ninety-Five Theses in 1517, professor of theology and primary figure of the Protestant Reformation.
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Martin Bucer
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15th and 16th, Protestant reformer
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Thomas Cranmer
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15th and 16th, Archbishop of Canterbury from 1533, annulled Henry VIII's marriages, later burned at stake as heretic
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Louis IX
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13th, King of France
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Clovis
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5th to 6th, king of Franks, converted and baptized in 496, united all Frankish tribes under one rule.
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The Seven Sacraments (first articulation)
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13th century, Peter Lombard, Book of Four Sentences.
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Death of Mohammed
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June 8, 632 AD, Establishment of Islam as the dominant religion in Arabia
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Battle of Tours
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731, Charles Martel victory over the Umayyad Caliphate
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Coronation of Charlemagne
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25 Dec, 800, had the effect of setting up two separate, and often opposing, Empires (East and West)
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Battle of Hastings
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1066, part of the Norman conquest of England
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Great East-West Schism
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1054, division of Christianity into Eastern and Western Church. Prominent issues were the source of the Holy Spirit (Filioque), leaven or unleavened bread in Eucharist, Whether pope had claim to universal jurisdiction, and Constantinople’s place in the Pentarchy.
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Fourth Lateran Council
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1215, convened by Innocent III, called 'the Great Council' for the size of attendees, presented 71 decrees, organized the 5th crusade
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Magna Carta
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1215, attempt to issue peace between King John and rebel barons
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Great Western Schism (dates)
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1378-1418, several men claimed to be the true pope. Ended at Council of Constance with the election of Martin V. The others resigned or were declared antipope
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Council of Constance
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1414-1418, ended the three pope controversy of the Western Schism, elected Martin V.
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Nailing of the 95 Theses
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1517, Martin Luther, generally regarded as the initiator of the Protestant Reformation. Protests against clerical abuses ( nepotism, usury, simony, pluralism, sale of indulgences). Posted on door of church in Wittenberg
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Council of Trent
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1545-1563, described as the embodiment of the counter-reformation
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City of God
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Augustine, written early 5th century, cornerstone of Western thought, expounding on many profound questions of theology, such as the suffering of the righteous, the existence of evil, the conflict between free will and divine omniscience, and the doctrine of original sin.
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Pastoral Rule
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St. Gregory the Great, Written around 590, treatise on the responsibilities of the clergy and their personal, intellectual and moral standards to be followed
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Koran
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643-56 (recession of Caliph Uthman), Mohammed, meaning 'recitation', sacred book of Islam, Mohammed said revelation from Gabriel. Short passages revealed at intervals of his life, made up of 114 suras (sections) of decreasing size.
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Ecclesiastical History of the English People
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Bede, 7th 8th helped English to understand their narrative in the context of God’s redemptive history
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General Admonition
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Charlemagne, 789, outlined education and ecclesiological reforms in the Frankish kingdom
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Why the God Man
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11/12th, The Satisfaction theory of the atonement was formulated by Anselm of Canterbury in his book, Cur Deus Homo.
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The Four Books of the Sentences
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(1148-1151, 12th cent)) written by Peter Lombard a collection of teachings of the Church Fathers and opinions of medieval masters
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Commentary on the Four Books of the Sentences
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Bonaventure (1252-1256, 13th cent) wrote the commentary on Peter Lombard's Sentences.
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Institutes of the Christian Religion
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1536 (Latin) 1559 expanded, John Calvin, dedicated to Francis I, king of France, defense of reformation principles and plea for religious tolerance. Most important theological text of the Reformation. |