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93 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
sartorius
flexes and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee; brings about cross legged position
adductor magnus
adduct and laterally rotate and flex thigh; posterior part of magnus also synergist in thigh extension
adductor longus
adduct and laterally rotate and flex thigh
adduct and laterally rotate and flex thigh
adduct and laterally rotate and flex thigh
rectus femoris
extends knee and flexes thigh at hip
vastus lateralus
extends knee
vastus medialis
extends knee
vastus intermedius
extends knee
tibialis anterior
prime mover of dorsiflexion; inverts foot
extensor digitorum longus
prime mover of toe extension; dorsiflexes foot
fibularis muscles
plantar flexes and everts foot
gluteus maxmum
powerful hip extensor (most effective when hip flexed like when climbing stairs)
gluteus medius
abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis during walking
biceps femoris
extends thigh; laterally flexes knee
semitendinosus
extends thigh; flexes knee; medially rotates leg
semimembranosus
extends thigh; flex knee; medially rotates leg
gastrocnemius
plantar flexes foot; crosses knee joint; flexes knee when foot is dorsiflexed
soleus
plantar flexes foot
cerebral hemispheres
most superior part of brain
gyri
elevated ridges
fissures/sulci
depressed areas
cerebral white matter
cerebral tissue consisting of fiber tracts carrying impulses to and from the brain
cerebral gray matter
contains cell bodies of cerebral neurons
cerebral cortex
outermost gray matter of the cerebrum
nuclei
buried within the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres- islands of gray matter
brain stem
made up of cerebral peduncles, pons, and medulla oblongata
dura mater
outermost membrane; the periosteal is attached to periosteum and the meningeal layer forms the outermost brain covering and continues down the spinal cord
arachnoid mater
middle layer; weblike, underlies the dura mater and attach to the innermost membrane, the pia mater
pia mater
innermost membrane; highly vascular and clings to brain surface
choroid plexus
small capillary knots hanging from roof of the ventricles of the brain
arachnoid villi
specialized projections of the arachnoid tissue; protrude through dura mater to allow csf to drain back into venous blood
cerebral hemispheres
most superior part of the brain
occipital lobe
back
parietal lobe
side/back
frontal lobe
front
insular lobe
???
longitudinal fissure
deep groove that divides the cerebral hemispheres--sagittally
central sulcus
divides frontal from parietal- frontal plane
lateral sulcus (sylvian fissure)
separates temporal from parietal
pons
bridge; consists of motor and sensory fiber tracts connecting the brain with lower cns centers
medulla
composed of fiber tracts; houses vital autonomic centers involved in control of visceral activities like <3 rate, respiratory rhythm
cerebellum
cauliflower-like; under occipital lobe of cerebrum. has two hemispheres and a convoluted surface
corpus callosum
major fiber tract connecting the cerebral hemispheres; arches above diencephalon structures
thalamus
2 large lobes of gray matter that laterally enclose the shallow third ventricle of the brain
hypothalamus
important autonomic center involved in regulation of body temperature and water balance
pineal body
part of endocrine system
choroid plexus
structure of epithalamus; capillary knots w/i each ventricle that form CSF
arbor vitae
treelike branching of cerebellar white matter
lateral ventricle
in cerebral hemispheres (2 ventricles)
3rd ventrical
dsa
cerebral aqueduct
dfs
Supraspinous
Lateral rotation, holds humerus in place
Infraspinous
Lateral rotation, holds humerus in place
Teres minor
Lateral rotation, holds humerus in place
Subscapularis
Medial rotation, holds humerus in place
Rhomboids (major/minor)
Retracts scapula, pulling shoulder back
epicranius- frontalis
with aponeurosis fixed, raises eyebrows
epicranius- occipitalis
pulls scalp posteriorly
orbicularis oculi
close eyes, blinking, squinting
zygomaticus
smile- raise lateral corners of mouth
orbicularis oris
close mouth, purse lips kiss
masseter
close jaw, elevate mandible
temporalis
close jaw, elevate mandible
buccinator
compress cheek (whistling) hold food between teeth during chewing
platysma
depress mandible; pulls lower lip back down (downward sag of mouth)
sternocleidomastoid
simultaneous contaction of both muscles of pair causes flexion of neck forward- rotate head to opposite shoulder
pectoralis major
prime mover of arm flexion; adducts, medially rotates arm
deltoid
prim omver of arm abduction; aid in flexion, extension, rotation of humerus
trapezius
extend neck; adducts scapula and stabilizes it
latissimus dorsi
prime mover of arm extension; adducts, medially rotates arm- bring arm down in powerful stroke
Supraspinatus
Lateral rotation, holds humerus in place
infraspinous
Lateral rotation, holds humerus in place
teres minor
Lateral rotation, holds humerus in place
Subscapularis
Lateral rotation, holds humerus in place
rhomboids (major/minor)
Retracts scapula, pulling shoulder back
Biceps brachii
flex elbow, supinate forearm
brachialis
major arm flexor
Brachioradialis
synergist of brachialis in forearm flexion
Triceps brachii
powerful forearm extensor; antagonist of biceps brachii
Pronator teres
pronates forearm
Flexor carpi radialis
powerful wrist flexor; abducts hand
Flexor carpi ulnaris
powerful flexor of wrist; adducts hand
Flexor digitorum superficialis
flex wrist and middle phalanges of 2nd through 5th finger
Extensor carpi radialis longus
extends, abducts wrist
Extensor carpi ulnaris
extends, adducts wrist
Extensor digitorum
prime mover of finger extension; extend wrist (flare) adduct fingers
flexion/extension
decrease angle of a joint; increase angle of joint
abduction/adduction
away from midline/toward midline
rotation
movement of bone around its longitudinal axis- ball and socket and atlas
circumduction
combo of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction commony observed in ball-and-socket joints like shoulder
pronation/supination
movement of palm from anterior/upward facting to a posterior/downward facing position.
supinatoin: from posterior to anterior
inversion/eversoin
movement results in medial turning of sole of foot

lateral
dorsiflexion/ plantar flexion
movement of anklen joint in dorsal direction; movemtn down