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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Erb's Duchenne Palsy
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Is an upper brachial plexus injury (C5, C6).
Results in waiter's tip. |
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Waiter's Tip
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Is a upper brachial plexus injury of (C5/C6/C7)
This type of injury produces a very characteristic sign called Waiter's tip deformity due to loss of the lateral rotators of the shoulder, arm flexors, and hand extensor muscles. |
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Klumpke's-Dejerine Palsy
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Lower Brachial plexus (C8/T1), can be caused by underlying cervical rib.
Loss of intrinsic muscle of both ulnar and median. The subsequent paralysis affects, principally, the intrinsic muscles of the hand (notably the interossei, thenar and hypothenar muscles) and the flexors of the wrist and fingers (notably flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar half of the flexor digitorum profundus). |
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Ape Hand
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It can occur with an injury of the median nerve either at the elbow or the wrist, impairing the thenar muscles.
Inability to oppose thumb. |
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Claw Hand
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An ulnar claw may follow an ulnar nerve lesion, which results in the partial or complete denervation of the ulnar (medial) two lumbricals of the hand. Since the ulnar nerve also supplies the medial two lumbricals, which flex the MCP joints (aka the knuckles), their denervation causes these joints to become extended by the now unopposed action of the long finger extensors (namely the extensor digitorum and the extensor digiti minimi). The lumbricals also extend the IP (interphalangeal) joints of the fingers by insertion into the extensor hood; their paralysis results in weakened extension. The combination of hyperextension at the MCP and flexion at the IP joints gives the hand its claw like appearance.
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