Anatomy Unit 26: Nose

Front 1

Cartilages of the external nose

Back 1

Lateral nasal cartilage, great alar cartilage, septal cartilage.

Front 2

Supratrochlear and Infratrochlear Nerves

Back 2

Branches of frontal nerve of V1. Innervate skin over the root, bridge, and lateral aspects of the upper nose.

Front 3

Infraorbital Nerve

Back 3

Branch of V2. Innervates skin over lower half of nose.

Front 4

External Nasal Nerve

Back 4

Branch of anterior ethmoidal branch of nasociliary of V1. Supplies skin of dorsum of nose.

Front 5

Blood Supply of external nose

Back 5

Angular artery - branch of facial
Dorsal nasal artery - branch of ophthalmic
External nasal - Branch of anterior ethmoidal
Septal branch - from facial artery

Front 6

Choana

Back 6

Another name for posterior nasal aperature.

Front 7

What seperates oral and nasal cavities?

Back 7

Palate

Front 8

Vestibule

Back 8

Part of nasal cavity deep to alar portion of nose. Is lined with skin (not respiratory mucosa). Has hairs.

Front 9

2 parts of nasal cavity not lined with respiratory muscosa.

Back 9

Vestibule and Olfactory Mucosa

Front 10

Olfactory Mucosa

Back 10

Superior part of nasal cavity. In front of opening of sphenoidal sinus.

Front 11

Components of floor of nasal cavity

Back 11

palatine process of maxilla and horizontal plate of palatine bone

Front 12

Components of roof of nasal cavity

Back 12

Nasal cartilages, nasal bone, frontal bone, cribiform plate of ethmoidal, body of sphenoid

Front 13

Components nasal septum (medial wall)

Back 13

Septal cartilage, perpendicular plate of ethmoid, vomer, nasal crest of maxilla and palatine bones.

Front 14

Nerves of Nasal Septum

Back 14

Internal Nasal Nerve, Nasopalatine Nerve, Medial posterior superior nerves, Olfactory Nerve.

Front 15

Internal Nasal Nerve

Back 15

Branch of anterior ethmoidal nerve of nasocilliary nerve of V1. Supplies septum. Runs from superior and posterior to anterior and inferior of septum.

Front 16

Nasopalatine Nerve

Back 16

A posterior superior nasal branch of TV2. Larger than other branches. Supplies septum. Runs from posterior to anterior on inferior aspect of septum.

Front 17

Medial Posterior Superior Nerves

Back 17

Branches of V2. Supply the septum of nose.

Front 18

Blood Supply of the spetum

Back 18

-Anterior and Posterior ethmoidal arteries (from ophthalmic)
-septal branch of sphenopalatine artery (from sphenopalatine of maxillary)
-septal branch of facial artery
-terminal branch of greater (descending) palatine artery (from maxillary)
-Kiesselbach's plexus

Front 19

Kiesselbach's plexus

Back 19

At anterio-inferior part of septum, anastomosis of all the septum arteries. Where nose bleeds occur.

Front 20

Olfactory Nerve

Back 20

(CN 1) Travel from olfactory mucossa through cribiform plate of ethmoid bone to the olfactory bulb in the anterior cranial fossa.

Front 21

Components of lateral wall of nasal cavity

Back 21

-Nasal Bone
-Frontal Process of maxilla
-Lacrimal Bone
-Labyrinth and conchae of ethmoid bone
-inferior nasal concha
-perpendicular plate of palatine bone
-medial pterygoid plate

Front 22

Sphenoethmoidal recess

Back 22

Located superior and posterior to superior concha. Receives opening of sphenoid sinus.

Front 23

Superior Meatus

Back 23

Under superior concha. Receives openings of posterior ethmoidal air cells.

Front 24

Middle Meatus

Back 24

Under middle concha. Contains:
Ethmoidal bulla - elevation of labyrinth which receives middle ethmoidal air cells.
Hiatus Semilunaris - curved slit below ethmoidal bulla. recieves opening from maxillary sinus.
Uncinate process - ridge located below hiatus semilunaris
Ethmoidal infundibulum - Narrow pasage that runs antero-superiorly from hiatus. Receives opening of frontal sinus

Front 25

Inferior Meatus

Back 25

Under inferior concha. Where nasolacrimal duct terminates.

Front 26

Inferior Concha

Back 26

Is its own bone. Not part of ethmoid bones like other concha.

Front 27

Nerves of Lateral Nasal Wall

Back 27

-Olfactory Nerve (CN 1)
-Anterior ethmoidal Nerve (of nasociliary nerve of V1)
-Lateral Posterior superior nasal nerves (V2)
-Posterior Inferior lateral nasal???
-Greater palantine nerve (V2)
-Anterior superior alveolar nerve (V2)

Front 28

Nerves containing OGP fibers from pterygopalatine ganglion for nasal glands

Back 28

-Posterior Superior Lateral nasal
-Posterior Inferior lateral ????
-Greater palatine
-Anterior superior alveolar

Front 29

Arteries of Lateral Nasal Wall

Back 29

-Sphenopalatine (from maxillary)
-Descending palatine (From maxillary)
-Greater Palatine artery (from maxillary)
-Anterior ethmoidal artery (from ophthalmic)
-Superior Labial artery (from facial)

Front 30

Frontonasal Sinus

Back 30

located on eithside of median line within frontal bone. Drains into middle meatus via frontonasal duct.

Front 31

Orbital Plate of ethmoid bone

Back 31

seperates ethmoid air cells from orbit.

Front 32

Maxillary Sinus

Back 32

Largest sinus located in body of maxilla. Opens into hiatus semilunaris.

Front 33

Sphenoid Sinus

Back 33

Located in body of sphenoid bone. Opens into sphenoethmoidal recess.

Front 34

Boundaries of Pterygopalatine Fossa

Back 34

Superior - Body of sphenoid but mostly inferior orbital fissure.
Anterior - Posterior wall of Maxillary Sinus
Posterior - Pterygoid process and root of greater wing of sphenoid.
Medial - Perpendicular Plate of palatine bone
Inferior - Anterior and posterior wall come together as pterygopalatine canal.
Lateral - Opens into pterygomaxillary fissure.

Front 35

Pterygomaxillary fissure

Back 35

How maxillary artery gets into pterygopalatine fossa. Passage for posterior superior alveolar nerve and artery.

Front 36

Foramen Rotundum

Back 36

Entryway for maxillary nerve into pterygopalatine fossa.

Front 37

Pterygoid Canal

Back 37

Entry way for greater petrosal branch of facial carrying EGP. Entry way for deep petrosal nerve carrying OGS from superior cervical plexus. They merge to become the nerve of pterygoid canal.
Also contains artery of the pterygoid canal.

Front 38

Inferior Orbital Fissure

Back 38

Passage way into orbit for zygomatic and infraorbital nerves and vessels.

Front 39

Sphenopalatine Foramen

Back 39

Passage way into the nasal cavity for sphenopalatine artery. Also passageway for nasopalatine and posterior superior nasal nerves for the supply of the nasal mucossa.

Front 40

Pterygopalatine Canal

Back 40

Leading into greater and lesser palatine foramina. Passageway for greater and lesser palatine vessels and nerves to supply roof of mouth and soft palet.

Front 41

Pharyngeal canal

Back 41

Passageway for pharyngeal vessels and nerves to supply upper portion of pharynx.

Front 42

Contents of Pterygopalatine Fossa

Back 42

-Maxillary Nerve (V2)
-Pterygopalatine ganglion
-Maxillary Artery (pterygopalatine part)

Front 43

Maxillary Nerve Branches

Back 43

-Meningeal branch (given off in cranial cavity)
-Zygomatic nerve
-Posterior Superior Alveolar nerve
-Infraorbital Nerve

Front 44

Zygomatic Nerve

Back 44

Branch of Maxillary. Enters orbit through inferior orbital fissure. Carries Sympa and para to lacrimal gland. Divides into zygomaticofacial and zygomaticotemporal branches to supply skin of face.

Front 45

Posterior Alveolar Nerves

Back 45

Pass through pterygomaxillary fissure. Supply molar teeth and adjacent tissues and maxillary sinus.

Front 46

Infraorbital Nerve

Back 46

Enters orbit through inferior orbital fissure. Lies in infraorbital sulcus before entering infraorbital canal. Reaches face via infraorbital foramen. In canal has middle and anterior superior alveolar nerves. In face has inferior palpebral, nasal, superior labial, and facial branches.

Front 47

Pterygopalatine Ganglion

Back 47

Located in pterygopalatine fossa below maxillary nerve. Is suspended by pterygopalatine nerves (V2). Supplies secretory fibers to the lacrimal gland and mucosal glands in the nasal, oral and pharyngeal cavities.

Front 48

Nerves from Pterygopalatine Ganglion

Back 48

-Greater Palatine branches
-Posterior Inferior nasal branches
-Lesser palatine branches
-Posterior superior nasal branches
-nasopalatine nerve
-Pharyngeal nerve

Front 49

Greater Palatine Nerve

Back 49

From Pterygopalatine ganglion. Supplies mucossa for gums and hard palate.

Front 50

Posterior Inferior Nasal Nerve

Back 50

From Pterygopalatine ganglion. Pierces palatine bone. Supplies lateral nasal wall

Front 51

Nasopalatine Nerve

Back 51

From Pterygopalatine ganglion. Passes through sphenopalatine foramen, supplies nasal septum as it passes toward incisive canal.

Front 52

Pharyngeal Nerve

Back 52

From pterygopalatine ganglion. Passes through pharyngeal canal to reach mucossa of upper pharyngeal region.

Front 53

Pterygopalatine Section of Maxillary artery

Back 53

Enters from infratemporal fossa viapterygomaxillary fissure.
-posterior superior alveolar artery
-infraorbital artery
-Descending palatine artery (divides into greater and lesser palatine arteries. As it descends, gives off posterior inferior lateral nasal artery)
-Artery of pterygoid canal
-Pharyngeal artery
-Sphenopalatine artery