Anatomy Unit 1: Lower Limbs

Front 1

Bony landmarks of the femur head and attachments

Back 1

-fovea
-ligament of the head (teres)

Front 2

Bony landmarks of the femur neck

Back 2

-intertrochanteric line (anterior)
-intertrochanteric crest (posterior)
-quadrate tubercle (desceding inferiorly from crest)

Front 3

Intertrochanteric line attachments

Back 3

-joint capsule
-iliofemoral ligament

Front 4

Intertrochanteric crest attachments

Back 4

-fibrous joint capsule

Front 5

quadrate tubercule attachments

Back 5

-quadratus femoris (from ischial tuberosity)

Front 6

Femur shaft attachments

Back 6

-adductor brevis
-adductor longus
-adductor magnus
-biceps femoris (short head)
-pectineus
-vastus intermedius
-vastus lateralis
-vastus medialis

Front 7

Femur shaft bony landmarks

Back 7

-lesser trochanter
-greater trochanter+trochanteric fossa
-gluteal tuberosity (just inferior and lateral to great troch)
-linea aspera (rough surface on posterior)

Front 8

Lesser trochanter attachments

Back 8

-iliopsoas muscle

Front 9

Greater trochanter attachments

Back 9

-piriformis
-gluts (maximus, medius, minimus)
-fossa: obturator internus, obturator externus muscles

Front 10

Gluteal tuberosity attachments

Back 10

-gluteus maximus

Front 11

Linea aspera

Back 11

-adductors
-intermuscular septum

Front 12

Bony landmarks of distal end of femur

Back 12

-medial supracondylar line
-lateral supracondylar line
-popliteal surface
-medial epicondyle
-adductor tubercle
-lateral epicondyle
-medial epicondyle
-medial condyle
-lateral condyle
-intercondylar fossa
-patellar surface

Front 13

Popliteal surface attachments

Back 13

-medial head of gastrocnemius muscle
-plantaris muscle

Front 14

Medial epicondyle attachments

Back 14

-tibial collateral ligament

Front 15

adductor tubercle attachments

Back 15

-adductor magnus muscle

Front 16

lateral epicondyle attachments

Back 16

lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle

Front 17

medial condyle attachments

Back 17

-fibrous joint capsule

Front 18

lateral condyle attachments

Back 18

-popliteus muscle
-fibrous joint capsule
-fibular collateral ligament

Front 19

Interncondylar fossa attachments

Back 19

-anterior and posterior cruciate ligament (ACL and PCL)

Front 20

Purpose of the patellar surface

Back 20

-articulates with patella

Front 21

Medial collateral ligament

Back 21

-MCL
-medial epicondyle to medial condyle of tibia

Front 22

Anterior cruciate ligament

Back 22

-intercondylar fossa of femur to anterior intercondylar prominence of tibia
-resist anterior translation and medial rotation of tibia

Front 23

Bony landmarks of the patella

Back 23

-anterior surface (rounded)
-posterior surface (flattened)
-apex (dorsal)
-base (proximal)

Front 24

Patellar apex attachments

Back 24

patellar ligament

Front 25

Patellar base attachments

Back 25

quadriceps femoris muscle

Front 26

Proximal end of tibia attachments

Back 26

-gracilis muscle
-sartorius muscle
-semimembranous muscle
-semitendinosus muscle
-tibial collateral ligament

Front 27

Bony landmarks of proximal end of tibia

Back 27

-medial condyle
-lateral condyle
-intercondylar eminence
-anterior intercondylar area
-posterior intercondylar area
-fibular facet
-tibular tuberosity

Front 28

Medial condyle attachments

Back 28

-fibrous capsule joint

Front 29

Lateral condyle attachments

Back 29

-extensor digitorum longus
-tibialis anterior muscle
-iliotibial tract
-fibrous joint capsule

Front 30

Anterior intercondylar area attachments

Back 30

-menisci
-anterior cruciate ligament

Front 31

Fibular facet purpose

Back 31

articulates with fibula

Front 32

Tibial tuberosity attachments

Back 32

-patellar ligament

Front 33

Posterior intercondylar area (proximal end of tibia) attachments

Back 33

-menisci
-posterior cruciate ligament

Front 34

Bony landmarks of shaft of tibia

Back 34

-medial surface
-lateral surface
-anterior border
-interosseous border
-posterior surface
-soleal line

Front 35

Medial surface of tibia attachments

Back 35

-tibial collateral ligament

Front 36

Lateral surface of tibia attachments

Back 36

tibialis anterior muscle

Front 37

Interosseous border of tibia attachments

Back 37

-interosseuous membrane

Front 38

Posterior surface of tibia attachments and bony landmarks

Back 38

-flexor digitorum longus
-tibialis posterior muscle
-soleal line (bony landmark)

Front 39

Soleal line attachments

Back 39

-soleus muscle
-popliteus muscle

Front 40

Bony landmarks of distal end of tibia

Back 40

-lateral surface
-fibular notch
-medial malleolus

Front 41

Fibular notch (distal tibia) function

Back 41

articulates with fibula

Front 42

Medial malleolus (distal tibia) attachments

Back 42

-deltoid ligament
-talocrural fibrous joint capsule

Front 43

Bony landmarks of fibula

Back 43

-head
-shaft
-lateral malleolus

Front 44

Fibula head function

Back 44

articulate with tibia

Front 45

Fibular head attachments

Back 45

-biceps femoris muscle
-peroneus longus muscle
-fibular collateral ligament

Front 46

Fibular shaft attachments

Back 46

-interosseous membrane
-extensor digitorum longus
-extensor hallucis longus
-flexor hallucis longus
-peroneus brevis
-peroneus longus
-peroneus tertius
-soleus
-tibialis posterior muscle

Front 47

Lateral malleolus attachments and function

Back 47

-talocrural fibrous capsule
-lateral ligament complex
-articulate with talus

Front 48

Main tarsal bones

Back 48

-talus=ankle bone
-calcaneus=heel bone
-navicular (L. boat)
-medial cuneiform (L. wedge)
-intermediate cuneiform
-lateral cuneiform
-cuboid (G. cube-like)

Front 49

Talus attachments

Back 49

-talocrural fibrous joint capsule
-deltoid ligament
-lateral ligament complex

Front 50

Bony landmarks of the talus

Back 50

-head
-body

Front 51

Calcaneus attachments

Back 51

-extensor digitorum brevis muscle
-extensor hallucis brevis muscle
-lateral ligament complex
-long plantar & short plantar ligament

Front 52

Calcaneus bony landmarks

Back 52

-sustentaculum tali (L. sustentare, to support) w/ groove for the flexor hallucis tendon
-calcaneal tuberosity

Front 53

Sustentaculum tali attachments

Back 53

-deltoid calcaneonavicular ligament
-plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

Front 54

Calcaneal tuberosity attachment

Back 54

-calcaneal tendon
-abductor digiti minimi muscle
-abductor hallucis muscle
-flexor digitorum accessorius muscle
-flexor digitorum brevis muscle

Front 55

Navicular attachment

Back 55

-deltoid ligament
-calcaneonavicular ligament

Front 56

Medial cuneiform attachments

Back 56

-peroneus longus muscle
-tibialis anterior muscle

Front 57

Cuboid attachments

Back 57

-flexor hallucis brevis muscle
-short plantar ligament

Front 58

Metatarsal bony landmarks

Back 58

-base
-shaft
-head

Front 59

Function of metatarsal base

Back 59

-articulates with the tarsal

Front 60

Metatarsal base attachments

Back 60

-adductor hallucis
-flexor digiti minimi
-peroneus brevis
-peroneus longus (1)
-peroneus tertius (5)
-tibialis anterior (1)
-long plantar ligament

Front 61

Metatarsal shaft attachments

Back 61

-plantar interossei
-dorsal interossei

Front 62

Metatarsal head function

Back 62

articulate with proximal phalnax

Front 63

Metatarsal head attachment

Back 63

adductor hallucis muscle

Front 64

Phalanges bony landmarks

Back 64

-base
-shaft
-head

Front 65

Phalange base function

Back 65

articulate with metatarsal of proximal phalanx

Front 66

Phalanges base attachments (all)

Back 66

-abductor digiti minimi
-abductor hallucis
-adductor hallucis
-dorsal interossei
-extensor hallucis brevis
-extensor hallucis longus
-flexor digitorum minimi
-flexsor hallucis brevis

Front 67

Phalanges base attachments (2-5)

Back 67

-extensor digitorum longus
-flexor digitorum longus

Front 68

Phalanges base attachments (1)

Back 68

-extensor hallucis longus
-flexor hallucis longus

Front 69

Phalanges shaft attachments

Back 69

-flexor digitorum brevis
-dorsal interossei
-palmar interossei

Front 70

Phalange head function

Back 70

articulates with distal phalanx