Anatomy Types Of Movement

Front 1

flexion

Back 1

decreasing the angle between 2 bones

Front 2

extension

Back 2

increasing the angle between 2 bones

Front 3

abduction

Back 3

moving an appendage in the frontal plane away from midline, includes caveate

Front 4

caveat

Back 4

abducting the humerus or femur beyond perpendicular to the body technically brings the appendage back towards the midline, as when the arms are raised over the head

Front 5

adduction

Back 5

moving an appendage in the frontal plane toward the midline

Front 6

horizontal abduction/extension

Back 6

moving an appendage in the horizontal plane away from the midline when the arm or thigh are already flexed and perpendicular to the body

Front 7

horizontal adduction/flexion

Back 7

moving an appendage in the horizontal plane toward the midline, as when the arm or thigh are already abducted and perpendicular to the body

Front 8

medial rotation

Back 8

rotating an appendage such that anterior structures face more medially

Front 9

lateral rotation

Back 9

rotating an appendage such that anterior structures face more laterally

Front 10

circumduction

Back 10

moving the distal end of an appendage in a circle, without ratation

Front 11

dorsiflexion

Back 11

lifting the anterior part of the foot

Front 12

plantar flexion

Back 12

lowering the anterior part of the foor

Front 13

inversion

Back 13

lifting the medial edge of the foot

Front 14

eversion

Back 14

lifting the outside edge of the foot

Front 15

protraction

Back 15

to thrust forward or move anteriorly

Front 16

retraction

Back 16

to move posteriorly

Front 17

upward rotation

Back 17

rotating the inferior angle of the scapula laterally so that the glenoid cavity is turned upward

Front 18

downward rotation

Back 18

rotating the inferior angle of the scapula medially so that the glenoid cavity is turned downward

Front 19

elevation

Back 19

moving upward

Front 20

depression

Back 20

moving downward

Front 21

supination

Back 21

rotating the forearm laterally, such that the forearm and palm face anteriorly

Front 22

pronation

Back 22

rotating the forearm medially, such that the forearm and palm face posteriorly

Front 23

opposition

Back 23

moving the tumb to face the little finger

Front 24

reposition

Back 24

moving an opposed thumb back to anatomical position

Front 25

translational movements

Back 25

1. elevation

2. depression

3. protraction

4. retraction

Front 26

angular movements

Back 26

1. flexion/extension

2. abduction/aduction

3. circumduction

4.dorsiflexion/plantar flexion

5. inversion/eversion

Front 27

rotation movements

Back 27

1. pronation/supination

2. medial/lateral rotation

3. left/right rotation (head, neck, trunk)

Front 28

synovial joint types

Back 28

1. plane (gliding)

2. hinge

3. pivot

4. condylar

5. saddle

6. ball and socket

Front 29

plane number of axes

Back 29

0

Front 30

hinge number of axes

Back 30

1

Front 31

pivot number of axes

Back 31

1

Front 32

condylar number of axes

Back 32

2

Front 33

saddle number of axes

Back 33

2

Front 34

ball and socket number of axes

Back 34

3

Front 35

plane joint type movement and ex

Back 35

translational

ex intercarpal and intertarsal joints

Front 36

hinge movement and ex

Back 36

flexion/extension

ex elbow

Front 37

pivot movement and ex

Back 37

rotation

ex prox and distal radioulnar joints

Front 38

condylar movement and ex

Back 38

movements around all axes except axis of rotation

ex metacapoplangeal (knuckle) joint, main wrisst joint

Front 39

saddle movement and ex

Back 39

flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, circumduction

ex 1st carpometacarpal joint and sternoclavicular joint

Front 40

ball and socket movement and ex

Back 40

freely moving around all axes

ex shoulder and hip joints

Front 41

arthritis

Back 41

inflammatory or degenerative joint diseases

Front 42

osteoarthritis

Back 42

"wear and tear" from aging, occurs in most elderly

Front 43

rheumatoid arthritis

Back 43

autoimmuse disease, begins with inflammation of the synovial membrane

Front 44

gouty arthritis

Back 44

caused by excess uric acid retention deposited in synovial membranes

Front 45

epimyseum

Back 45

surrounds entire myscle

Front 46

perimyseum

Back 46

surrounds each fascicle

Front 47

endomyseum

Back 47

surrounds muscle fiber

Front 48

tendon

Back 48

connects to bone (continuous with all sheaths)

Front 49

fascia

Back 49

surrounds groups of muscles