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94 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Name for Cranial Nerve I
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Olfactory n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve II
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Optic n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve III
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Occulomotor n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve IV
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Trochlear n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve V
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Trigeminal n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve VI
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Abducens n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve VII
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Facial n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve VIII
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Vestibulocochlear n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve IX
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Glossopharyngeal n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve X
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Vagus n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve XI
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Acessory n.
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Name for Cranial Nerve XII
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Hypoglossal n.
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Which two CNN are purely sensory?
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- Olfactory n. (I)
- Optic n. (II) |
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Where does CN I enter?
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Rostrally through the cribiform plate
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What type of nerve is CN I?
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SVA
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What happens when CN I is damaged?
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Inability to smell
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Where does CN II enter?
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Optic canal
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What type of nerve is CN II?
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SSA
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What two things happen due to damage to CN II?
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- Blindness on affected side
- Absence of pupillary light reflex on both sides |
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Where does CN III exit?
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Orbital fissure
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What type of nerve is CN III? (2)
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- GSE
- GVE |
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What is CN III motor to? (5)
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- Medial rectus m.
- Dorsal rectus m. - Ventral rectus m. - Ventral oblique m. - Levator palpebrae superioris m. |
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What is CN III visceral to? (2)
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PSNS to:
- Sphincter muscle of the pupil - Ciliary muscle |
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What happens due to CN III damage? (4)
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- Ventrolateral strabismus
- Ptosis - Mydriasis - Absence of pupillary light reflex in both eyes |
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Where does CN IV exit?
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Orbital fissure
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What type of nerve is CN IV?
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GSE
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What is CN IV motor to?
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Dorsal oblique m.
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What happens due to damage of CN IV?
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Rotation of dorsal aspect of the eye laterally
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Three branches of CN V
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- Opthalmic n.
- Maxillary n. - Mandibular n. |
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Where does the Opthalmic n. enter?
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Orbital fissure
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What type of nerve is CN V (and its branches)?
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GSA
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What is the Opthalmic n. sensory to? (3)
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- Globe
- Superior lid - Area between eyes |
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What happens due to opthalmic n. damage?
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Anesthesia of autonomous zone
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Where does the maxillary n. enter?
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Rostral alar foramen --> round foramen
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What is the maxillary n. sensory to? (4)
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- Inferior lid
- Superior arcade - Superior lip - Nose |
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What happens due to damage of the maxillary n.?
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Anesthesia of the autonomous zone
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Where does the mandibular n. enter through?
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Oval foramen
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5 branches of the mandibular n.
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- Lingual n.
- Inferior alveolar n. - Mylohyoid n. - Auriculotemporal n. - Buccal n. |
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What is the mandibular n. motor to? (4)
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- Masseter m.
- Temporalis m. - Pterygoids mm. - Digastricus m. (The muscles of mastication) |
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What does the inferior alveolar n. innervate? (2)
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- Inferior arcade
- Lower lip |
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What does the lingual n. innervate?
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Tongue
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What does the buccal n. innervate?
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Cheek within the oral cavity
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What does the mylohyoid n. innervate?
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Skin between the mandibles
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What does the auriculotemporal n. innervate?
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Skin rostral to the ear in temporal region
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What happens due to damage of the mandibular n.? (3)
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- Dropped jaw
- Atrophy of muscles of mastication (prominent zygomatic arch) - Anesthesia of autonomous zone |
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Where does CN VI exit?
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Orbital fissure
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What neuron type is CN VI?
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GSE
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What is CN VI motor to? (2)
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- Lateral rectus m.
- Retractor bulbi m. |
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What happens due to damage of CN VI?
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Medial strabismus
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What does CN VII exit through?
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Stylomastoid foramen
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What types of neurons are present in CN VII? (3)
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- GSE
- GVE - GSA |
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What is CN VII motor to? (3)
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- Muscles of fascial expression
- Auricular mm. - Orbicularis oculi m. |
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What is CN VII parasympathetic to? (2)
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- Salivary glands
- Lacrimal glands |
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What is CN VII sensory to?
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Inner aspect of external ear canal
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What happens due to damage of CN VII? (4)
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- Facial paralysis
- Dry eye - Inability to blink - Inability to move ears |
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Which CN doesn't exit the braincase?
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Vestibulocochlear n. (VIII)
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What is the sensory function of CN VIII?
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Hearing
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What is the special function of CN VIII?
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Balance
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What happens due to damage of CN VIII? (2)
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- Deafness
- Balance and equilibrium problems |
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Where does cranial nerve IX enter?
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Tympanooccipital fissure
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What three neuron types are in CN IX?
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- GSE
- GVE - GSA |
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What is CN IX motor to?
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Pharyngeal muscles
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What is CN IX sensory to?
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Pharyngeal mucosa
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What happens due to damage of CN IX?
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Dysphagia
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Where does CN X enter?
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Tympanooccipital fissure
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What neuron types are present in CN X? (4)
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- GSE
- GVE - GSA - GVA |
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What is CN X motor to? (2)
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- Pharyngeal mm.
- Laryngeal mm. |
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What is CN X sensory to? (5)
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GSA:
- Pharyngeal mucosa - Laryngeal mucosa - Tracheal mucosa GVA: - Abdominal viscera - Thoracic viscera |
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What three things occur due to damage of CN X?
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- Dysphagia
- Dysphonia - Dyspnea |
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Where does CN XI exit?
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Tympanooccipital fissure
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What neuron type is CN XI?
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GSE
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What is CN XI motor to?
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Trapezius m.
(ONLY innervation of the trapezius m.) |
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What happens due to damage of CN XI?
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Nothing clinically obvious/relevant
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Where does CN XII exit through?
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Hypoglossal canal
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What neuron type is CN XII?
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GSE
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What is CN XII motor to? (2)
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- Lingual mm.
- Geniohyoideus m. |
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What happens due to damage of CN XII? (3)
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- Dysphagia
- Lingual paralysis (if bilateral) - Atrophy of tongue on affected side |
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What is the trigeminal nerves primary function?
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Sensory
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Two branches of the maxillary n.
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- Infraorbital n.
- Superior alveolar nn. |
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What supplies the roots of the teeth?
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Superior alveolar nn.
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What is sensory to the nose?
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Infraorbital n.
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4 ways to assess the trigeminal n.
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- Palpebral reflex (V and VII)
- Corneal reflex (V and VII) - Trigeminofacial reflex (V and VII) - Conscious pain perception |
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What is the main function of CN VII?
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Motor
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Branches of CN VII (3)
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- Dorsal and ventral buccal branches
- Auriculopalpebral n. |
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What are the buccal nn. motor to?
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Muscles of fascial expression
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What is the auriculopalpebral n. motor to? (2)
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- Ear muscles
- Orbicularis oculi m. |
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Branches of auriculopalpebral n. (2)
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- Rostral and caudal auricular nn.
- Palpebral n. |
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Fxn of palpebral n.
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Motor to orbicularis oculi m.
Blinking |
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Assessment of CN VII (4)
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- Palpebral reflex (V and VII)
- Corneal reflex (V and VII) - Trigeminofacial reflex (V and VII) - Menace response (VII) |
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Three CN that are purely sensory
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- I
- II - VIII |
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Assessment of CN IX
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Gag reflex (IX/X & IX/X/XII)
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2 branches of CN X
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- Cranial laryngeal n.
- Recurrent laryngeal n. |
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Fxn of cranial laryngeal n.
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Sensory to larynx
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Fxn of recurrent laryngeal n.
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Motor to larynx (after terminal to caudal laryngeal n.)
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