Anatomy Test 4

Front 1

bones

Back 1

meneralized structures in the body
-protects internal soft tissue
-serve as biomechanical basis for movement of body

Front 2

prominence/depressions

Back 2

landmarks for attachment of muscles,tendons and ligements

Front 3

openings

Back 3

landmarks where nerves and blood vessels to enter or exit.

Front 4

plate

Back 4

flat area of bone

Front 5

joints

Back 5

site of junction between two or more bones

Front 6

condyle

Back 6

large, convex prominence involved in joints

Front 7

head

Back 7

rounded surfaces projecting form bone by a neck

Front 8

tuberosity

Back 8

large, rough prominence/ attached muscles and tendons

Front 9

arch

Back 9

bridge shaped prominence with blowlike outline

Front 10

cornu

Back 10

hornlike prominenece( large and sticks out)

Front 11

epicondyle

Back 11

prominence about or below condyle

Front 12

tubercle

Back 12

(eminence) rounded elevation

Front 13

crest

Back 13

roughened border or ridge

Front 14

line

Back 14

straight, small ridge

Front 15

spine

Back 15

blunt or sharply pointed projection

Front 16

incisura

Back 16

(notch) indentation at the edge of bone

Front 17

sulcus

Back 17

plural(sulci) shallow depression of groove that marks course of artery of nerve

Front 18

fossa

Back 18

(plural-fossae) deep depression
this is not the gingival sulcus

Front 19

foramen

Back 19

(plural-foramina) short window like opening in bone

Front 20

canal

Back 20

long, narrow , tube like opening

Front 21

ostium

Back 21

(plural- ostia) entrance into hollow organ or canal

Front 22

aperture

Back 22

orifice or opening

Front 23

articulation

Back 23

area where bones are joined/ movable or immovable joint

Front 24

suture

Back 24

union of bone joined by fibrous tissue/ appear as jagged line on dry skull

Front 25

neurocranium

Back 25

cranium(house the brain)

Front 26

cranium

Back 26

vicerocranium(houses the brain)

Front 27

neurocranium consists of 8 bones

Back 27

frontal
parietal(paried
occipital
temporal(paired)
sphenoid
ethmoid

Front 28

frontal

Back 28

forms forehead and superior portion of orbits

Front 29

pariental(paired)

Back 29

articulate with each other a sagital suture

Front 30

occipital

Back 30

located in most posterior portion of skull

Front 31

temporal(paired)

Back 31

from lateral walls of skull

Front 32

sphenoid

Back 32

runs through midsagittal plane/helps connect cranial skeleton to facial skeleton

Front 33

ethmoid

Back 33

midline cranial bone runs through midsagittal plane/ helps to connect cranial skeleton to facials skeleton

Front 34

palatine(paired)

Back 34

not strictly considered facial bone/ consists of horizontal and vertical plates

Front 35

viscerocranium

Back 35

consistets of 14 bones 2 single and 5 paired
-vomer
-lacrimal
-nasal(paired)
-omferopr nasal conchae(paired)
-zygomatic(paired)
-maxillary(paired)
-mandible

Front 36

vomer

Back 36

midline facial bone that forms posterior portion of nasal septum

Front 37

lacrimal(paired)

Back 37

irregular, thin plates that form small portion of anterior medial wall of orbit

Front 38

nasal(paired)

Back 38

from bridges of nose

Front 39

inferior nasal conchae(paired)

Back 39

projects from maxilla to form portion of lateral walls of nasal cavity

Front 40

zygomatic

Back 40

from chekbones or malar sufaces

Front 41

maxillary

Back 41

upper arch

Front 42

mandibular

Back 42

lower arch

Front 43

sutures

Back 43

immovable articulation which joins bones

Front 44

coronal

Back 44

connection of frontal and perietal bones

Front 45

sagittal

Back 45

joints parietal bones

Front 46

lambdoidal

Back 46

connection of occipital and parietal bones

Front 47

squamous

Back 47

(sigmoid) joins temoral parietal bones

Front 48

maxilla

Back 48

consists of two max bones fused together @ intermaxillary suture to form upper jaw

Front 49

each maxilla includes

Back 49

a body and four processes
-frontal
-zygomatic
-palatine
-alveolar

Front 50

anterior nasal spine

Back 50

pointed area lovated at midline above max. incisors

Front 51

infraorbital foramen

Back 51

opening lovated directly below orbit

Front 52

canince eminence

Back 52

smooth elevation of alveolar process lovated below infraorbital foramen and above canine

Front 53

canince fossa

Back 53

post superior to roots of max canine.

Front 54

the maxilla is less dence than?

Back 54

mandible

Front 55

frontal process

Back 55

narrow process reaching to frontal bone/ located near nasal bone.

Front 56

zygomatic proces

Back 56

narrow process reaching laterally to zygomatic bone

Front 57

alveolar process

Back 57

bone processs which contains the roots of the teeth

Front 58

palatine process

Back 58

horizontal process forms major portion of hard palate

Front 59

incisive foramen

Back 59

(nasopalatine foramen) seen from inside the mouth area located between central incisors/ landmark for local anesthetic block

Front 60

maxillary puberosity

Back 60

elevation of bone posterior to max 3 molar

Front 61

median palatien suture

Back 61

articulation between right and left palatine process of maxilla

Front 62

mandible

Back 62

freely movable
-largest strongest facial bone
-articulation with temoporal of TMJ

Front 63

mental protuberance

Back 63

point of chin/located deep to roots of mand. incisors.

Front 64

symphysis

Back 64

faint ridge in midline of mand. where bone is formed by fusion of right and left process

Front 65

mental foramen

Back 65

opening located below roots of premolar

Front 66

body of mandible

Back 66

heavy horizontal portion of lower jaw inferior to mental foramen

Front 67

ramus

Back 67

flat plate of bone located on lateral aspect of mandible/ surves as a primary attachment for muscles of mastication

Front 68

coronoid process

Back 68

pointed terminal end of ramus

Front 69

coronoid notch

Back 69

concave curve on anterior portion of ramus

Front 70

external obligue line

Back 70

anterior border of ramus/noted as radiopaque line on radiograph.

Front 71

angle

Back 71

point where ramus and body meet forming a right angle.

Front 72

condyle

Back 72

blunt somewhat rounded terminal end of ramus/articulates with temporal bone
(*the smooth rounded area of the condyle is the head while elongated thin area is the neck)

Front 73

mandibular (sigmoid) notch

Back 73

depression between the coronoid processs and condyle

Front 74

genial tubercles

Back 74

(mental spines) bony projection located in area below the apex of mand. incisor/ seen on internal view of mand.

Front 75

retromolar triangle

Back 75

rounded, rough area posterior to the most distal molar of mand. dentition(covered with soft tissue (retromolar pad)

Front 76

mylohyoid line

Back 76

(internal oblique line) located on interior view of mand./oblique ridge of bone extending from incisor area posteriorly and superiorly to 3rd molar area
(point of attachment where mylohyoid muscle that forms the floor of the mouth.

Front 77

sublingual fossa

Back 77

shollow depression superior to andterior portion of mylohyloid line inverior to external oblique line

Front 78

submandibular fossa

Back 78

deeper depression below posterior mandibular teeth/contains submandibular salivary gland.

Front 79

Pterygoid fovea

Back 79

triangular dipression on anterior surface of mand. Inverior to articular surface.

Front 80

Paranasal sinuses

Back 80

paired, air filled cavities in bone lines with mucous membranes( include: frontal, sphenoid, ethmoid, maxillary sinuses) lightens the skull.

Front 81

Frontal sinuses

Back 81

paired/;pcated in frontal bone superior to nasal cavity( bilateral palpation

Front 82

Sphenoidal sinuses

Back 82

pared/located in sphenoid bone (cannot be palpated)

Front 83

Maxillary sinuses

Back 83

Paired pyramid shaped/ located in the body of maxilla posterior to max canine and premolar (largest of sinuses) bilateral palpation.

Front 84

Fossa of the skull

Back 84

present on external surface of skill/landmarks for locating muscles, blood vessels and nerves.

Front 85

Tempral fossa

Back 85

flat, fan-shaped paired depression on lateral surface of skull

Front 86

Infratemporal fossa

Back 86

paired depression inferior portion of temporal fossa( just know this is in the tempral area.

Front 87

Pterygopalatine fossa

Back 87

cone shaped depression deep to infratempral fossa ( know its in the tempral area.)

Front 88

bones of the neck

Back 88

cervical vetebrea (7)= located ub vertebral column between skull and thoracic vertebrea (all vertebrea have vertebral foramen for spinal cord and associated tissues.

Front 89

atlas

Back 89

on the 1st cervical vertebra/articulates with skull at occipital condyles of occipital bone.

Front 90

axis

Back 90

articulates with 1st cervical vertebra

Front 91

hyoid bone

Back 91

u-shaped bone/does not articulate with any other bone giving it mobility necessary for mastication, speech and swollowing/ forms base of tongue.

Front 92

joint

Back 92

site of junction/union between two or more bones

Front 93

TMJ

Back 93

joint on each side of head/allows movement of mand. for speech and mastication.
- only free moving joint in the head

Front 94

two sets of articulation

Back 94

tempral bones
condyle of mandible.

Front 95

tempral bones

Back 95

cranial bones articulate with mand. at tmj
-temporal bone joint articulation located on bones inferior aspect

Front 96

articular eminence

Back 96

smooth rounded ridge anterior to articular fossa.

Front 97

articular fossa

Back 97

depression on tempral bone posterior to articular eminence

Front 98

postglenoid fossa

Back 98

sharper ridge posterior to articular fossa(mandibular fossa)

Front 99

condyles of mandible

Back 99

mandible-facial bone articulates with temprol bone at head of condyle of mand

Front 100

coroniod process

Back 100

located anterior to condyle

Front 101

mandibylar notch

Back 101

depression between condyle and coronoid process

Front 102

disk of joint

Back 102

meniscus-fibrous connective tissue located between tempral bone and mand. condyle/forms with shape of articulating bone of tmj (joint movement.

Front 103

joint capsule

Back 103

-band of connective tissue that connects bone.
important in the way that the membrain lining secreats synovial fluid that helps lubracate the joint and fills the synovial cavity.

Front 104

the disk divideds TMJ into

Back 104

upper and lower synovial cavity

Front 105

three ligaments provide support

Back 105

TMJ ligament
sphenomandibular ligament
stylomandibular ligament

Front 106

TMJ ligament

Back 106

located lateral side of joing/arises from zygomatic process of temporal bone/inserts into posterios border of neck of condyle(prevents backwards movement)

Front 107

sphenomandibular ligamen

Back 107

located medial side of mand(inside)
-actually not part of TMJ but keeps mand. from moving to far foward.

Front 108

stylomandibular ligament

Back 108

runs form styloid process of tmh to angle of tmj (keep mand. from going to far foward).`

Front 109

two types of movement

Back 109

grinding
rotational

Front 110

grinding

Back 110

when you chew

Front 111

rotational

Back 111

open and close mouth

Front 112

protrution of mand.

Back 112

forward

Front 113

retrution of mand.

Back 113

backward

Front 114

elevation of mand

Back 114

closing

Front 115

depression of mand.

Back 115

opening

Front 116

lateral deviation

Back 116

(excrusion) both gliding and rotational movements of opposite tmj(opening of one side)

Front 117

TMD

Back 117

tempralmandibular joint disorders

Front 118

TMD

Back 118

ass. w/ both TMJ's
symptoms:
joint tender
swelling of muscles
muscle spasms
limited opening

Front 119

disc derangment

Back 119

joint sounds found in 40-60% of people w/TMD
disk gets caught between condyle on articular eminence

Front 120

subluxation

Back 120

dislovation of both joints
head of condyle has moved to far forward on articular eminence causes muscle spasms
if cant not be coaxed back into place must by physically moved back