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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Breathing= ventilation
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Moving air in and out of body
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Respiration
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Gas exchange at the capillary level
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Nasal cavity
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Warms, moistens and filters air
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Pharynx= throat
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3 areas
× nasopharynx...contains adenoids * euatachian tubes open into here ×oropharynx -contains Palpatine and lingual tonsils * faucets = opening between mouth and pharynx × larynx pharynx |
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Pharynx collects
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Food air and liquid
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Larynx term is sometimes called the
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Voice box
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Larynx function
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Carries air deeper down tree and produce sound
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Larynx is made up of
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3 sections of cartilage
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Epiglottis
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Flap that prevents aspiration
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Aspiration
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When food or liquid goes down into lower respiratory tract.
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Upper respiratory tract
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Nose to the larynx
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Lower respiratory tract
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Trachea to the alveoli to lungs
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Thyroid cartilage
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Shield shaped cartilage that prevents calapse
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Cricoid cartilage
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Connects larynx to trachea
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Cricoid cartilage function
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Stabilizes esophagus
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Trachea = windpipe
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Carries air down into the chest carries air through medistinum
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Trachea is composed of
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Composed of several c-shaped rings of cartilage
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Trachea cartilage
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Prevents collapse and holds esophagus in place
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Bronchi
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2 tubes that carry air into lungs made upon rings of cartilage
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Brochiole
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Small tubes that branch off the bronchi
*walls made up of endothelium with band of smooth muscle that control diameter |
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Aveoli
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Thin wall sacs covered by capillaries
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Aveoli is used for
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Gas exchange with the blood
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Each lung has how many aveoli??????
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150 million per lung
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Oral cavity
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Carries air out of their body
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Right lung
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* 3 lobes
* short to make room for liver * wide *greatest volume inside |
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Left lung
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*Tall and thin
* 2 lobes * cardiac notch × indentation that the apex of the heart fits into *less volume inside |
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Pleura
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Double layered membrane protecting each lung
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Parietal pleura
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Layer that lines the cavity wall
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Visceral pleura
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Layer covering the lung itself
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Pleural fluid
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Pleural fluid makes sure the layers don't stick together.
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Diaphragm
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Dome shaped muscle
That can change the size of the chest cavity Has tight openings for aorta and esophagus to go through |
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Mucus
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Sticky film lining the upper respiratory tract
Produced by goblet cells |
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Cilia
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Move mucus toward larngopharynx
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Cilia when you swallow
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You swallow cilia and it and the stomach melts stuff stuck to it.
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Produce cilia
?... |
Produce 125 ml per day
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Mucus amount
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Less mucus as you go down the respiratory tree
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Surfactant-surfactin
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Detergent that controls aalveolis surface tension so they don't collapse
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Atelectasis
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Collapsed alveoli
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Inspiration
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Moving air in
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Expiration
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Moving air out
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Volume
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Amount of fluid in a space
Amount of room in a space |
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Pressure
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Force on a space
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Increase volume of a space will
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Decrease the pressure inside
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If you decrease the volume of a space
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It will increase the pressure inside
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Fluid goes from areas of high pressure
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To low pressure
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Decreasing the thoracic volume more
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Increases the thoracic pressure more....more air gets out
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Control of breathing
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Medulla oblongata controls breathing rate
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Females breathing
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16-20 breaths per minute
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Males breathing
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14-20 breaths per minute
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Breathing changes depending
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On the bodies demand for oxygen or heart rate
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Eupnea
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Normal breathing
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Apnea
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No breathing going on
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Respiratory arrest
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Failure to resume breathing after a period of apnea
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Dyspnea
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Difficult/painful breathing
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Orthopnea
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Difficulty breathing unless you are in an upright position
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Hyperpnea=hyperventilation
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Fast and deep breathing
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Tachypnea
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Fast breathing
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Hypopnea/hypoventilation
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Slow and shallow breathing
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Bradypnea
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Slow breathing
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Respiration
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Gas exchange at the capillary level
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External respiration
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Gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries
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Internal respiration
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Gas exchange between capillaries and tissue
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Er...carbon dioxide can be transported in the blood three different ways
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1. On a rbc : CO2 combines within hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin
2. Dissolve into the blood stream 3. As a molecule called bicarbonate |
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Er....co when blood enters the capillaries
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Surrounding the alveoli....jump out of the taxi....carbaminohemoglobin break into hemoglobin &co2 = "co2 gets off the bc"
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There's more co2 in the capillary than in the alveolar
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Co2 diffusers from capillary into alveolar sac
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