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65 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Breathing= ventilation
Moving air in and out of body
Respiration
Gas exchange at the capillary level
Nasal cavity
Warms, moistens and filters air
Pharynx= throat
3 areas
× nasopharynx...contains adenoids
* euatachian tubes open into here
×oropharynx -contains Palpatine and lingual tonsils
* faucets = opening between mouth and pharynx
× larynx pharynx
Pharynx collects
Food air and liquid
Larynx term is sometimes called the
Voice box
Larynx function
Carries air deeper down tree and produce sound
Larynx is made up of
3 sections of cartilage
Epiglottis
Flap that prevents aspiration
Aspiration
When food or liquid goes down into lower respiratory tract.
Upper respiratory tract
Nose to the larynx
Lower respiratory tract
Trachea to the alveoli to lungs
Thyroid cartilage
Shield shaped cartilage that prevents calapse
Cricoid cartilage
Connects larynx to trachea
Cricoid cartilage function
Stabilizes esophagus
Trachea = windpipe
Carries air down into the chest carries air through medistinum
Trachea is composed of
Composed of several c-shaped rings of cartilage
Trachea cartilage
Prevents collapse and holds esophagus in place
Bronchi
2 tubes that carry air into lungs made upon rings of cartilage
Brochiole
Small tubes that branch off the bronchi
*walls made up of endothelium with band of smooth muscle that control diameter
Aveoli
Thin wall sacs covered by capillaries
Aveoli is used for
Gas exchange with the blood
Each lung has how many aveoli??????
150 million per lung
Oral cavity
Carries air out of their body
Right lung
* 3 lobes
* short to make room for liver
* wide
*greatest volume inside
Left lung
*Tall and thin
* 2 lobes
* cardiac notch
× indentation that the apex of the heart fits into
*less volume inside
Pleura
Double layered membrane protecting each lung
Parietal pleura
Layer that lines the cavity wall
Visceral pleura
Layer covering the lung itself
Pleural fluid
Pleural fluid makes sure the layers don't stick together.
Diaphragm
Dome shaped muscle
That can change the size of the chest cavity
Has tight openings for aorta and esophagus to go through
Mucus
Sticky film lining the upper respiratory tract
Produced by goblet cells
Cilia
Move mucus toward larngopharynx
Cilia when you swallow
You swallow cilia and it and the stomach melts stuff stuck to it.
Produce cilia
?...
Produce 125 ml per day
Mucus amount
Less mucus as you go down the respiratory tree
Surfactant-surfactin
Detergent that controls aalveolis surface tension so they don't collapse
Atelectasis
Collapsed alveoli
Inspiration
Moving air in
Expiration
Moving air out
Volume
Amount of fluid in a space
Amount of room in a space
Pressure
Force on a space
Increase volume of a space will
Decrease the pressure inside
If you decrease the volume of a space
It will increase the pressure inside
Fluid goes from areas of high pressure
To low pressure
Decreasing the thoracic volume more
Increases the thoracic pressure more....more air gets out
Control of breathing
Medulla oblongata controls breathing rate
Females breathing
16-20 breaths per minute
Males breathing
14-20 breaths per minute
Breathing changes depending
On the bodies demand for oxygen or heart rate
Eupnea
Normal breathing
Apnea
No breathing going on
Respiratory arrest
Failure to resume breathing after a period of apnea
Dyspnea
Difficult/painful breathing
Orthopnea
Difficulty breathing unless you are in an upright position
Hyperpnea=hyperventilation
Fast and deep breathing
Tachypnea
Fast breathing
Hypopnea/hypoventilation
Slow and shallow breathing
Bradypnea
Slow breathing
Respiration
Gas exchange at the capillary level
External respiration
Gas exchange between alveoli and capillaries
Internal respiration
Gas exchange between capillaries and tissue
Er...carbon dioxide can be transported in the blood three different ways
1. On a rbc : CO2 combines within hemoglobin to form carbaminohemoglobin
2. Dissolve into the blood stream
3. As a molecule called bicarbonate
Er....co when blood enters the capillaries
Surrounding the alveoli....jump out of the taxi....carbaminohemoglobin break into hemoglobin &co2 = "co2 gets off the bc"
There's more co2 in the capillary than in the alveolar
Co2 diffusers from capillary into alveolar sac