Anatomy Test 1

Front 1

study of the structure and location of the parts of the body?

Back 1

anatomy

Front 2

study of the function of partsof the body?

Back 2

physiology

Front 3

idea that the structure of body parts is designed to enable the body parts to perform their functions?

Back 3

complementary

Front 4

stay the same/ balanced?

Back 4

homeostasis

Front 5

Levels of organization

Back 5

chemical- atom and molecule
cellular-cells
tissues
organs
organ systems
organisms

Front 6

functions of integumentary system?

Back 6

protection, seperation, glands, and sensors

Front 7

functions of skeletal system?

Back 7

structure, movement, and protection

Front 8

functions of muscular system?

Back 8

start movement and produce heat

Front 9

functions of nervou system?

Back 9

control

Front 10

Examples of Negative feedback?

Back 10

1.eating a doughnut, blood sugar goes up, pancreas releases insulin to bring it back down
2. skip a meal, blood sugar decreases, pancreas releases gulcagon that tells the body to break down glycogen into glucose, blood sugar goes up

Front 11

The release of oxytocin to cause uterine contractions during childbirth is an example of which homeostatic control mechanism?

Back 11

positive feedback

Front 12

What happens to homeostatic control mechanisms as we age?

Back 12

they decrease

Front 13

towards the top or the head

Back 13

superior

Front 14

towards the bottom

Back 14

inferior

Front 15

towards the front

Back 15

anterior

Front 16

towards the back

Back 16

posterior

Front 17

towards the middle

Back 17

medial

Front 18

away from the middle

Back 18

lateral

Front 19

in between the middle and lateral

Back 19

intermediate

Front 20

closer to the attachment point

Back 20

proximal

Front 21

away from the attachment point

Back 21

distal

Front 22

toward the surface

Back 22

superficial

Front 23

away from surface

Back 23

deep

Front 24

seperates an organ into a left and right side

Back 24

sagittal

Front 25

seperates an organ into an equal left and right side

Back 25

midsagittal

Front 26

refers to a sagittal cut that is not down the middle

Back 26

parasagittal

Front 27

seperates an organ into an anterior and posterior side

Back 27

frontal or coronal

Front 28

seperates an organ into a superior and inferior part

Back 28

horizontal or cross cut

Front 29

cut along a diagonal

Back 29

oblique

Front 30

ear

Back 30

otic

Front 31

front of knee

Back 31

patellar

Front 32

head

Back 32

cephalic

Front 33

calf

Back 33

sural

Front 34

fingers

Back 34

digital

Front 35

axillary

Back 35

armpit

Front 36

heel

Back 36

calcaneal

Front 37

back of elbow

Back 37

olecranal

Front 38

neck

Back 38

cervical

Front 39

back of knee

Back 39

popliteal

Front 40

palm

Back 40

palmar

Front 41

front of elbow

Back 41

antecubital

Front 42

forehead

Back 42

frontal

Front 43

wrist

Back 43

carpal

Front 44

naval / belly button

Back 44

umbillical

Front 45

arm

Back 45

brachial

Front 46

foot

Back 46

pedal

Front 47

hip

Back 47

coxal

Front 48

cheek

Back 48

buccal

Front 49

thigh

Back 49

femoral

Front 50

eye

Back 50

orbital

Front 51

abdomen

Back 51

abdominal

Front 52

groin

Back 52

inguinal

Front 53

thumb

Back 53

pollex

Front 54

shoulder blade

Back 54

scapular

Front 55

shoulder

Back 55

acromial

Front 56

between ventral hips

Back 56

pelvic

Front 57

loin/small of back

Back 57

lumbar

Front 58

breasts

Back 58

mammary

Front 59

ankle

Back 59

tarsal

Front 60

nose

Back 60

nasal

Front 61

mouth

Back 61

oral

Front 62

back

Back 62

dorsal

Front 63

sole

Back 63

plantar

Front 64

between the dorsal hips

Back 64

sacral

Front 65

chin

Back 65

mental

Front 66

breastbone

Back 66

sternal

Front 67

genitals

Back 67

pubic

Front 68

big toe

Back 68

hallux

Front 69

forearm

Back 69

atebrachial

Front 70

back of head

Back 70

occipital

Front 71

buttocks

Back 71

gluteal

Front 72

spine

Back 72

vertebral

Front 73

chest

Back 73

thoracic

Front 74

Which cavity is the back closed cavity that contains the brain (cranial) and spinal (spinal) cord?

Back 74

dorsal

Front 75

Which cavity is the front cosed cavity containing most of the organs?

Back 75

ventral

Front 76

Which specific cavity contains the heart?

Back 76

pericardium

Front 77

Which ventral cavity is above the diaphragm?

Back 77

thoracic

Front 78

Which ventral cavity is below the diaphragm?

Back 78

abdominopelvic

Front 79

Which layerof serous membrane lines the cavity?

Back 79

parietal

Front 80

Which layer of of serous membrane covers the surface organ?

Back 80

visceral

Front 81

Which serous membrane specifically covers the heart?

Back 81

visceral pericardium

Front 82

Which serous membrane lines the cavity containing the heart

Back 82

parietal pericardium

Front 83

Which serous membrane covers the lungs?

Back 83

visceral pleural

Front 84

Which serous membrane line the cavity containing the lungs?

Back 84

parietal pleura

Front 85

Which serous membrane covers the surface of the abdominal organs

Back 85

visceral peritoneum

Front 86

Which serous membrane lines the cavity containing the abdominal organs?

Back 86

parietal pericardium

Front 87

What are the symptoms of inflames serous membrane?

Back 87

pain and friction

Front 88

Inflammation of the serous membranes of the lungs is called

Back 88

pleurisy

Front 89

Inflammation of the serous membranes of the abdomen is called

Back 89

peritonitis

Front 90

Name some other smaller body cavities.

Back 90

sinuses, ear, synovial fluid, cavities of joints, oral, digestive, nasal, and orbital

Front 91

The sudy of cells is called

Back 91

cytology

Front 92

The basic units of life are called

Back 92

cells

Front 93

The structural and functional units of life are called

Back 93

cells

Front 94

Describe some ways in which human body cells are different

Back 94

shape, size, nucleus or nonnucleus, cilia or flagella, or no method of movement

Front 95

What is the name of the thick fluid inside the cell between the membrane and the nucleus

Back 95

cytoplasm

Front 96

What term refers to the little organs insides the cell

Back 96

organelles

Front 97

Which cellular structure is the cell powerhouse where energy is made during cellular respiration

Back 97

mitochondria

Front 98

Which cellular structure is the site of protein synthesis?

Back 98

ribosomes

Front 99

Which cellular structures are storage sacs?

Back 99

vacuoles

Front 100

Which cellular structure is the control center of the cell, directs cell activities, is in charge of cellular respiration, and contains the genetic material?

Back 100

nucleus

Front 101

Which cellular structure is the are inside the nucleus that assembles ribosomes?

Back 101

nucleolus

Front 102

What term refers to the network of rods that contribue to the shape of the cell, movement of the cell, and the movement of the cell parts similar tothe way our musces, bones and ligments work?

Back 102

cytoskeleton

Front 103

Which cytoskeletal components are hollow tubes that help to maintain the cell's shape?

Back 103

microtubules

Front 104

Which cytoskeletal components help to move the chromosomes during cell division

Back 104

centrioles

Front 105

Which cytoskeletal components are the thin strands for movement and shape?

Back 105

microfilaments

Front 106

What term refers to the hair-like structures of the cell that are used for movement?

Back 106

cilia

Front 107

What term refers to the whip-like, tail structures of the cel that are used for movment

Back 107

flagella

Front 108

What is the name of the model of the cell or plasma membrane?

Back 108

fluid mosaic

Front 109

List some components of the plasma membrane.

Back 109

phospholipids, proteins cholesterol, glycoproteins, glycolipids

Front 110

What is the name of the fatty molecules that make up the ipid bilayer of the cell membrane?

Back 110

phospholipids

Front 111

Which part of the phospholipids fears water and makes up the middle of the bilayer hydrophobic tail

Back 111

hydrophobic tails

Front 112

Which part of the phospholipids like water and face the outside and the inside of the cell

Back 112

hydrophillic heads

Front 113

some functions of the cel membrane proteins?

Back 113

transport, reception, recognition, enzymes

Front 114

large molecules in the lipid bilayer?

Back 114

proteins

Front 115

proteins on the internal and external surfaces of the cell membrane?

Back 115

peripheral proteins

Front 116

proteins penetrate the cell membrane completely

Back 116

integral proteins

Front 117

cell membrane component increases fluidity of the cell membrane and is found scattered throughout the lipid bilayer

Back 117

microvilli

Front 118

What term refers to the cel membrane components made up of phospholipids with sugars attached?

Back 118

glycolipids

Front 119

cell membrane components made up of proteins with sugars attached

Back 119

glycoproteins

Front 120

functions of glycolipids and glycoproteins?

Back 120

recongnition

Front 121

minute, fingerlike projections of the cell membrane that help increase the surfae area of the cell

Back 121

microvilli

Front 122

Which cellular junctionsconsist of proteins betwenn the cells that interlock and prevent materials from passing in between cells

Back 122

tight junctions

Front 123

cellular junctions that consist of fibers connecting adjacent cells

Back 123

desmosomes

Front 124

cellular junctions allow small molecuels to pass between the cells for communication

Back 124

ion channels/ gap junctions

Front 125

functions of the plasma membrane?

Back 125

boundary, comunication, transport, maintaining resting membrane potential

Front 126

is the inside of a resting cell membrane positive or negative

Back 126

negative

Front 127

membrane transport process that requires energy

Back 127

active

Front 128

membrane transport process that do not require energy

Back 128

passive

Front 129

four passive membrane transport processes

Back 129

simple diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, filtration

Front 130

membrane transport process that involves the movement of materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Back 130

simple diffusion

Front 131

list some factors that would affect the rate of diffusion

Back 131

size of particles, temperature, stirring, difference in concentration

Front 132

cellular junctions allow small molecuels to pass between the cells for communication

Back 132

ion channels/ gap junctions

Front 133

do smaller particles diffuese faster or slower than large particles?

Back 133

faster

Front 134

functions of the plasma membrane?

Back 134

boundary, comunication, transport, maintaining resting membrane potential

Front 135

do particle diffuse faster in warm or cold water

Back 135

warm

Front 136

is the inside of a resting cell membrane positive or negative

Back 136

negative

Front 137

membrane transport process that requires energy

Back 137

active

Front 138

membrane transport process that do not require energy

Back 138

passive

Front 139

four passive membrane transport processes

Back 139

simple diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion, filtration

Front 140

membrane transport process that involves the movement of materials from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Back 140

simple diffusion

Front 141

list some factors that would affect the rate of diffusion

Back 141

size of particles, temperature, stirring, difference in concentration

Front 142

do smaller particles diffuese faster or slower than large particles?

Back 142

faster

Front 143

do particle diffuse faster in warm or cold water

Back 143

warm