Anatomy Test 1

Front 1

Median Sagittal

Back 1

A vertical plane that passes through the midline of the body, diving it into equal left and right halves.

Front 2

Sagittal

Back 2

Any vertical plane parallel to the median sagittal plane

Front 3

Coronal

Back 3

Any vertical plane perpendicular to the sagittal that divides the body into front(anterior) and back(posterior) portions

Front 4

Transverse

Back 4

Any horizontal plane that divdes the body into upper and lower portions.

Front 5

Longitudinal

Back 5

Any plane that sections an elements parallel to its long axis.

Front 6

Superior

Back 6

Refers to the structure being above or closer to the head than another

Front 7

Inferior

Back 7

Refers to one structure being below, or closer to the feet or tail bone

Front 8

Anterior

Back 8

Refers to one structure being in front of another

Front 9

Posterior

Back 9

Refers to one structure being behind another

Front 10

Medial

Back 10

Refers to one structure being closer to th emedian sagittal plane that another

Front 11

Lateral

Back 11

refers to one structure being farther away from the median sagittal plane than another.

Front 12

Proximal

Back 12

Refers to a structure of the upper limb or lower limb that is closer to the root of the limb than another

Front 13

distal

Back 13

refers to a structure of the upper or lower limb that is farther away from the root of the limb than another

Front 14

Flexion

Back 14

movement that decreases the angle between 2 parts. Usually a movement to a more anterior location

Front 15

Extension

Back 15

Movement that increases the angle between 2 parts, usually a movement to a more posterior location

Front 16

Abduction

Back 16

Movement of an appendage away from the median sagittal plane

Front 17

Adduction

Back 17

movement of an appendage toward the median sagittal plane

Front 18

Rotation

Back 18

Movement that occurs around a central axis of a body part

Front 19

Pronation

Back 19

Rotary movement of the forearm so that the palm of the hand faces posteriorly(in extension) or inferiorly(in flexion)

Front 20

Supination

Back 20

Rotary movement of the forearm so that the palm faces anteriorly(in extension) or superiorly(in flexion)

Front 21

Eversion

Back 21

Turning the sole of the foot outward to face away from the midlane

Front 22

Inversion

Back 22

Turn the sole of the foot inward to face toward the midline

Front 23

Plantarflexion

Back 23

Movement of the foot at the ankle so that the ball of the foot moves inferiorly, as when you stand on your toes.

Front 24

Dorsiflexion

Back 24

Movement of the foot at the ankle so that the ball of the foot moves superiorly, as when you stand on your heels.

Front 25

Circumduction

Back 25

Movement of an appendage in a circular or cone-shapred path

Front 26

opposition

Back 26

movement of the thunmb to touch a fingertip

Front 27

Cell Theory(5)

Back 27

*All organisms are made of cells
*Cell is the simplest unit of life
*Organismal structure and function is a result of cellular processes
*Cells come from other cells
*Shared ancestry = shared similarities

Front 28

3 types of muscle tissue

Back 28

*Sketeal
*Smooth
*Cardiac

Front 29

Define Cytology

Back 29

Study of cells

Front 30

DEfine Histology

Back 30

Study of tissue

Front 31

Who created the cell theory

Back 31

Schledian and schwann

Front 32

Connective Tissues

Back 32

Support structures or bind thing together

Front 33

Define Tendon

Back 33

Connect mucle to bone

Front 34

Define Ligament

Back 34

connect bone to bone

Front 35

Connective Tissue

Back 35

Tissue w/ usually more matrix than cell volume; often specialized to support, bind and protect organs

Front 36

Nervous tissue

Back 36

Tissue containing excitable cells specialized for rapid transmision of coded information to other cells

Front 37

Musclar tissue

Back 37

Tissue composed of elongated, excitable cells specialized for contraction

Front 38

Whats in the Frontal Brain?

Back 38

Occiptial Lobe
Frontal Lobe
Parital l
temporal l
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Pineal Gland
Gryus
Sulcus

Front 39

Parital Lobe

Back 39

center for general sences and taste

Front 40

Frontal L

Back 40

Cognition

Front 41

Occiptial L

Back 41

Vision process

Front 42

Temporal L

Back 42

Hearing and smell

Front 43

Thalamus

Back 43

Sendings senosory info to the brain expect sense of smell

Front 44

Hypothalamus

Back 44

center for homeostasis and basic drives(Sex, eat etc)and endocrine system

Front 45

pineal Gland

Back 45

Melatonin Secretion and circadium rhythem

Front 46

Midbrain

Back 46

Connects forebrain and hindbrain together

Front 47

Mid Brain parts

Back 47

Medulla Oblongata
Pons
and
Cerebellum
cerebal aquaduct

Front 48

Medulla Oblongata

Back 48

nervous connection between brain n spinal cord

Front 49

Pons

Back 49

Respiratory, sleep, bladder

Front 50

Cerebellum

Back 50

Coordination center

Front 51

Filum Terminale

Back 51

Pia mater extends from the conus medullarus until the coccyx

Front 52

Cauda Equina

Back 52

Bundle of extending fibers from conus meduallaris

Front 53

Conus medullaris

Back 53

the end of spinal cord where it begins to decend into a bundle of fibers

Front 54

Lumbar Cistern

Back 54

enlargement of the subarachnoid space between the conus medullaris of spinal cord (about vertebral level L2) and inferior end of subarachnoid space and dura mater (about vertebral level S2); occupied by the posterior and anterior roots constituting the cauda equina, the terminal filum, and cerebrospinal fluid; site for lumbar puncture and spinal anesthesia

Front 55

Plexus

Back 55

braided netork of nerves that head 2 particular region of body but nerves come from diff part of spinal cord

Front 56

Sinus

Back 56

A filled space in bone

Front 57

Meatus

Back 57

opening to a canal

Front 58

Foramen

Back 58

Hole in a bone, usually rounded

Front 59

Canal

Back 59

A tubercle passage or tunnel in a bone

Front 60

Sulcus

Back 60

shallow groove for tendon, vein, or blood vessel

Front 61

Fovea

Back 61

a small pit

Front 62

Fossa

Back 62

shallow depression in a bone

Front 63

Alveolus

Back 63

a pit or socket

Front 64

Tuberosity

Back 64

rough surface

Front 65

Tubercle

Back 65

a small round process

Front 66

Trochanter

Back 66

two massive processes, unique to femur

Front 67

Spine

Back 67

a sharp, slender, or narrow process

Front 68

Protuberance

Back 68

A bony outgrowth or protruding part

Front 69

Process

Back 69

any boney prominence

Front 70

Line

Back 70

A slightly raised, elongated ridge

Front 71

Epicondyle

Back 71

Projection superior to a condyle

Front 72

Crest

Back 72

Narrow Ridge

Front 73

head

Back 73

Prominet expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded

Front 74

Facet

Back 74

A smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface

Front 75

Condyle

Back 75

a rounded knob

Front 76

Trochanter

Back 76

two massive processes, unique to femur

Front 77

Spine

Back 77

a sharp, slender, or narrow process

Front 78

Protuberance

Back 78

A bony outgrowth or protruding part

Front 79

Process

Back 79

any boney prominence

Front 80

Line

Back 80

A slightly raised, elongated ridge

Front 81

Epicondyle

Back 81

Projection superior to a condyle

Front 82

Crest

Back 82

Narrow Ridge

Front 83

head

Back 83

Prominet expanded end of a bone, sometimes rounded

Front 84

Facet

Back 84

A smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface

Front 85

Condyle

Back 85

a rounded knob

Front 86

Articular Cartilage

Back 86

Composed of hyaline cartilage

Front 87

Capsular Ligament

Back 87

External part of capsule composed of elastic fibers, stretches from one bone to the next

Front 88

Synovial membrane

Back 88

Secretes synovial fluid

Front 89

Bursa

Back 89

fiberous sac filled with synovial fluid

Front 90

Tendon Sheath

Back 90

A membranous sleeve which envelops the tendon and creates a lubricated low-friction environment for easy movement

Front 91

Articular disc

Back 91

A plate or ring of fibrocartilage attached to the joint capsule and separating the articular surfaces of the bones

Front 92

Nucleus Pulposus

Back 92

Gelatinous core

Front 93

Annulosus Fibrosus

Back 93

concentric layers of dense connective tissue

Front 94

intravertebral Foramen

Back 94

transmits a spinal nerve

Front 95

Spinal nerve

Back 95

mixed info fed from dorsal and ventral roots

Front 96

# and charactics of Cervical Vertebra

Back 96

7
Atlas c1 no body, spinous process, supports skull, contains foramen transversarium(vertebral artery & vein thru)
Axis c2 bifed sp, dens helps rotate head

Front 97

Lumbar

Back 97

biggest body looks like a mosse

Front 98

Thorasic

Back 98

12
costal facets
looks like giraffe

Front 99

Sacroilliac joint

Back 99

where sacrum is attached to illum, weight bearing join. Limited range of movement

Front 100

Os Coxae composed of what

Back 100

pubis, ischium and llium

Front 101

lliocostalis
O,i,f

Back 101

origin: illiac crest and ribs 3-12
Insertion: Ribs 1-12, transverse processes C4-C6
function: Extend and laterally flex the vertebral column

Front 102

Longissimus
o,i,f

Back 102

origin: Transverse processes C4-L5
Insertion: Transverse process C2-T12, mastoid process
Function: Extend head, extend and laterally flex the veterbral column

Front 103

Spinalis
o,i,f

Back 103

Origin: spinous process
Insertion: Spinous process C2-4 and T1-8
Function: Extend head, extend and laterally flex the veterbral column

Front 104

Erector spinal group

Back 104

lliocostalis
longissimus
spinalis

Front 105

Splenius Capitis
o,i,f

Back 105

Origin: nuchal ligament, spinous processes C7-T3
Insertion: Mastoid process and nuchal line
Function: Extend head and neck, rotate head side contracting

Front 106

Splenius cervicis
o,i,f

Back 106

Origin:Spinous process T3-T4
Insertion: Transverse processes C1-4
Function: Extend neck, rotated head to side contracting

Front 107

Semispinalis
o,i,f

Back 107

origin: Travsverse processes C4-T12
insertio: Occipital bone, spinous process
function: Extend head, cervical and thoracic regions and rotate them to the opposite side.

Front 108

Semispinalis Capitis
o,i,f

Back 108

Origin: Transverse process T1-T6
Insertion: Occipital bone, between super and inferior nuchal lines
Function: Power rotator and extensor of head and neck

Front 109

Multifidus

Back 109

Origin: Sacrum, ilium and transverse process C4-L5
Insertion: Spinous process
Function: stabilize vertebra and rotate vertebral column to opposite side

Front 110

Quadratus Lunborum
o,i,f

Back 110

Origin: iliac crest and iliolumbar lig
insterion: trans process
function: laterally flex spine

Front 111

Muscle Function(4)

Back 111

-heat
-stability
-movement
-contril of body opening

Front 112

belly

Back 112

muscle mass(bulf of muscle)

Front 113

4 types of muscles

Back 113

Parallel
Pennate
circular
triangular

Front 114

motor unit

Back 114

muscle and neuron

Front 115

Diencephalon

Back 115

Thalamus
hypothalamus
pineal gland

Front 116

Central sulcus

Back 116

seperates frontal love and parital love

Front 117

lateral sulcus

Back 117

sep temporal lobe from paritial lobe and frontal lobe