Anatomy Test 1

Front 1

What happens to the blood supply to the head of the femus when the hip is fractured?

Back 1

interruption in blood supply leads to ischemic necrosis (why hips are often replaced) due to interruption of the medial femoral circumflex artery

Front 2

Lower limb is shortened with lateral rotation. Sign of?

Back 2

Fracture of the neck of the femur.

Front 3

What muscle inserts on the lesser trochanter?

Back 3

iliopsoas (tendon)

Front 4

Where do the three intermuscular septa insert?

Back 4

the linea aspera

Front 5

What inserts on the linea aspera?

Back 5

many different muscles and the three intermuscular septa

Front 6

Where does the pectineal line run?

Back 6

From the lesser trochanter to the medial lip of the linea aspera

Front 7

what runs from the lesser trochanter to the linea aspera?

Back 7

pectineal line

Front 8

A small prominence at the uppermost part of the medial femoral condyle

Back 8

adductor tubercle

Front 9

What inserts at the adductor tubercle?

Back 9

The adductor magnus

Front 10

What tendons insert in the malleolar groove of the medial malleolus of the tibia?

Back 10

tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus

Front 11

Bumper fracture
Where is it?
What is commonly damaged?

Back 11

Fracture of the lateral tibial condyle, caused by an automobile bumper.
Usually associated with a COMMON FIBULAR NERVE injury.

Front 12

This bone has a sulcus for the attachment of the fibularis longus and brevis muscle tendons.

Back 12

Fibula

Front 13

Pott's Fracture
Where is it?
What is damaged?
What force causes this?

Back 13

Fracture of the lower end of the fibula.
Often accompanied by fracture of the medial malleolus or rupture of the deltoid ligament.
It is cause by forced eversion of the foot.

Front 14

This injury results in paralysis of all muscles in the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg, causing foot drop.

Back 14

Fracture of the fibular neck
(Due to damage of the COMMON FIBULAR NERVE)

Front 15

This is the only tarsal bone without muscle attachments.

Back 15

Talus

Front 16

This bone transmits the weight of the body from the tibia to the foot.

Back 16

Talus

Front 17

This bone provides an attachment for the Achilles tendon.

Back 17

Calcaneus

Front 18

This bony outcropping on the medial side of the calcaneus is crucial for maintaining proper talus orientation.

Back 18

Sustenaculum tali

Front 19

The sustenaculum tali supports the head of the talus along with what ligament?

Back 19

Spring ligament

Front 20

The bottom of the cuboid bone has a groove for the insertion of what tendon?

Back 20

Fibularis longus

Front 21

This muscle/tendon has a groove on the calcaneus and uses the sustenaculum tali as a pulley.

Back 21

Flexor hallucis longus tendon.

Front 22

This bone is key in forming the medial longitudinal arch of the foot.

Back 22

Talus

Front 23

This bone is key in forming the lateral longitudinal arch of the foot.

Back 23

Cuboid

Front 24

This bone of the foot has prominent medial and lateral sesamoid bones.

Back 24

First metatarsal

Front 25

March Fracture
What is it?
What causes it?

Back 25

Fatigue fracture of one of the metatarsals.
Can result from prolonged running or walking because of the pull on the metatarsals.

Front 26

What type of joint is the hip?

Back 26

Multiaxial ball-and-socket synovial joint.

Front 27

What stabilizes the hip joint?

Back 27

Acetabular labrum
Fibrous Capsule
Capsular ligaments

Front 28

This connects the head of the femur with the acetabulum, transmitting blood and vessels.

Back 28

Ligamentum Teres

Front 29

Where is the transverse acetabular ligament?

Back 29

Goes across the bottom of the acetabulum, covering the acetabular notch.

Front 30

These structures allow the entry of blood vessels into the acetabulum. (closed by?)

Back 30

Acetabular fossa and notch.
Closed by the TRANSVERSE ACETABULAR LIGAMENT.

Front 31

This part of the hip joint is attached anteriorly to the intertrochanteric line of the greater trochanter and posteriorly to the intertrochanteris crest. It encloses part of the head and most of the neck of the femur.

Back 31

Fibrous capsule

Front 32

The fibrous capsule is reinforced by
anteriorly?
posteriorly?
inferiorly?

Back 32

anterior = iliofemoral ligament
posterior = ischiofemoral ligament
inferiorly = pubofemoral ligament

Front 33

This is an alteration of the angle made by the acis of the femoral neck to the acis of the femoral shaft so that the angle exceeds 135 degrees, and thus the femoral neck becomes straighter.

Back 33

Coxa valga

Front 34

This is an alteration of the angle made by the acis of the femoral neck to the axis of the femoral shaft so that the angle is less than 135 degrees and thus the femoral neck becomes more horizontal.

Back 34

Coxa vara

Front 35

This is the largest and most important ligament that reinforces the fibrous capsule and is in the shape of an inverted Y.

Back 35

Iliofemoral ligament.

Front 36

This ligament of the hip resists hperextension and lateral rotation at the hip joint during standing.

Back 36

Iliofemoral Ligament.

Front 37

This ligament of the hip limits extension and medial rotation of the thigh.

Back 37

Ischiofemoral Ligament.

Front 38

This ligament of the hip limits extension and abduction of the thigh.

Back 38

Pubofemoral ligament.

Front 39

What is the denticulate ligament comprised of?

Back 39

Pia Mater

Front 40

What artery supplies blood to the femoral head via the ligamentum teres?

Back 40

The obturator artery.

Front 41

What type of joint is the knee?

Back 41

Condylar synovial joint.

Front 42

What motion results in tearing of the ACL?

Back 42

forward displacement of the tibia

Front 43

This ligament prevents backward slippage of the tibia on the femur.

Back 43

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

Front 44

This knee ligament is taught during extension and lax during flexion of the knee.

Back 44

Posterior Cruciate Ligament

Front 45

The patellar ligament is a continuation of what other structure?

Back 45

Quadriceps Femoris Tendon

Front 46

What follows along with rootlets?

Back 46

Blood supply

Front 47

The deltoid (medial) ligament is where? (And attaches what?)

Back 47

Medial side of ankle. 4 parts running from medial malleolus to navicular bone, calcaneous, and talus (anterior and posterior).

Front 48

The lateral side of the ankle is protected by what three ligaments?

Back 48

1. Calcaneofibular Ligament
2. Anterior Talofibular Ligament
3. Posterior Talofibular Ligament

Front 49

Type I Ankle Sprain involves what ligament?

Back 49

Anterior Talofibular Ligament

Front 50

Type II Ankle Sprain involves what ligaments?

Back 50

Anterior Talofibular Ligament and Calcaneofibular Ligament

Front 51

Type III ankle sprain involves what ligaments?

Back 51

Anterior Talofibular
Calcaneofibular
Posterior Talofibular

Front 52

Why is an eversion injury more likely to induce fracture of the medial malleolus than tear a ligament?

Back 52

The medial malleolus is very strongly attached to the deltoid ligament so the ligament will pull of a chunk of bone before it breaks.

Front 53

What is the cutaneous nerve innervating the front of the thigh and the inside of the lower thigh and leg?

Back 53

Femoral Cutaneous Nerves.

Front 54

What is the cutaneous nerve innervating the inner thigh?

Back 54

Obturator Cutaneous Nerves

Front 55

What is the cutaneous nerve innervating the lateral lower leg?

Back 55

Fibural Cutaneous Nerves

Front 56

Why do varicose veins develop in the superficial veins of the lower limb?

Back 56

Because of reduced elasticity and poorly functioning valves

Front 57

This portion of the tibia serves as a point of attachment for the medial meniscus.

Back 57

Medial Tibial Plateau

Front 58

This broad, fan-shaped ligament joins the medial femoral epicondyle and the tibia.

Back 58

Medial Collateral Ligament

Front 59

The integrity of the ACL can be tested by the?

Back 59

Anterior Drawer Sign

Front 60

Where can you palpate the dorsalis pedis artery?

Back 60

The top of the foot between the tendon of the extensor hallucis longus and the extensor digitorum longus.

Front 61

Where can you feel the navicular tuberosity?

Back 61

The medial border of the foot distal to the medial malleolus.

Front 62

What is the most prominent bony process on the lateral border of the foot?

Back 62

The Styloid Tuberosity of the 5th Metatarsal

Front 63

Bursa

Back 63

a small fluid sac located at the point where a muscle or tendon slides across a bone.

Front 64

What is the inside of a long bone called? (specifically femur in radiographs)

Back 64

intramedullary canal

Front 65

What is formed at the site of a healed fracture?

Back 65

Callus Formation

Front 66

What is the posterior sesamoid bone of the knee called?

Back 66

Fabella

Front 67

What is the ankle mortise?
(taggable radiography)

Back 67

A gliding joint between the distal end of the tibia and fibula and the top of the talus.

Front 68

An abnormal outcropping on the back of the calcaneus is called?

Back 68

Heel Spur (taggable radiography)